Sociology 101 Exam Review
Course Introduction
Sociology 101 introduces students to the foundational concepts, theories, and research methods used to understand human society and social behavior. The course explores topics such as culture, socialization, social structures, group dynamics, inequality, institutions, and social change. By examining the ways individuals interact within groups and the influence of societal forces on attitudes and actions, students gain a deeper understanding of both their own lives and the larger social world. Emphasis is placed on the practical application of sociological perspectives to contemporary social issues.
Recommended Textbook
Society The Basics 13th Edition by John J. Macionis
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16 Chapters
2430 Verified Questions
2430 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Sociology: Perspective, Theory, and Method
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194 Verified Questions
194 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/32905
Sample Questions
Q1) Unrecognized and unintended consequences of a social pattern are called
A) latent functions.
B) manifest functions.
C) operational functions.
D) dysfunctions.
Answer: A
Q2) _____ is a way of understanding the world based on science.
A) Tradition
B) Positivism
C) Metaphysics
D) Free will
Answer: B
Q3) U.S.sociologist C.Wright Mills argued that times of social crisis foster widespread sociological thinking.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Culture
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178 Verified Questions
178 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The subordination of women by men is clearly evident in hunting and gathering societies.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Horticultural societies are those in which people
A) are nomadic.
B) hunt animals and gather vegetation.
C) have learned to raise animals.
D) use simple hand tools to raise crops.
Answer: D
Q3) Multiculturalism is defined as
A) efforts to encourage immigration to the United States.
B) efforts to establish English as the official language of the United States.
C) a perspective recognizing the cultural diversity of the United States and promoting equality of all cultural traditions.
D) the idea that the United States should have a single, dominant culture.
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Socialization
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126 Verified Questions
126 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Family is important to the socialization process because
A) family members are often what Mead called "generalized others."
B) families pass along social identity to children in terms of class, ethnicity, and religion.
C) families begin the process of anticipatory socialization.
D) families set the stage for resocialization.
Answer: B
Q2) In a total institution, staff members
A) closely supervise all the daily life of inmates.
B) encourage the individual growth and creativity of inmates.
C) allow inmates to choose their own food, clothing, and activities.
D) institute informal rules to direct people's daily routines.
Answer: A
Q3) According to Erving Goffman, the goal of a total institution is to
A) help integrate a troubled patient into the outside world.
B) give a person greater choices about how to live.
C) radically alter a person's personality or behavior.
D) encourage lifelong learning in a supervised context.
Answer: C
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5
Chapter 4: Social Interaction in Everyday Life
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129 Verified Questions
129 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The idea of "getting" a joke, according to the text, depends on
A) knowing the joke teller well.
B) having a different social background than the joke teller.
C) understanding the two realities involved and appreciating their difference.
D) understanding exactly why someone is telling a joke.
Q2) Explain the difference between an ascribed status and an achieved status.Give examples of statuses that are mostly ascribed and those that are mostly achieved.
Q3) Sociologists use what concept to refer to behavior that people expect from someone who holds a particular status?
A) role
B) master status
C) status set
D) role set
Q4) Akbar is an honors student.In sociological terms, being an honors student is an example of
A) role conflict.
B) master status.
C) ascribed status.
D) achieved status.
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Chapter 5: Groups and Organizations
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128 Verified Questions
128 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An example of a primary group is
A) a family that has gathered to celebrate a religious holiday.
B) carpenters gathering at a work site.
C) a student government meeting.
D) a reunion of the graduating class of 1977.
Q2) Asch's experiment in group conformity shows that most people would not compromise their personal judgment in order to avoid being seen as different.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What is the meaning of "in-group" and "out-group"? How do they both affect the opinions and behavior of individuals? Give an example of each operating as a reference group.
Q4) Assume you are a parent of a child in school.From your point of view, what type of organization is a school's parent-teacher association (PTA)?
A) a normative organization
B) a coercive organization
C) a utilitarian organization
D) a traditional organization
Q5) What are the important differences between primary and secondary groups?
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Chapter 6: Sexuality and Society
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117 Verified Questions
117 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The campus culture of "hooking up" involves sexual relationships between partners who
A) know little about each other.
B) are dating.
C) desire long-term relationships with each other.
D) are both content with these encounters.
Q2) Survey research on attitudes towards premarital sex tells us that
A) the public is more accepting of premarital sex than it was a generation ago.
B) there has been little or no change in public attitudes towards premarital sex in recent decades.
C) the public is less accepting of premarital sex than it was a generation ago.
D) almost no one today claims that premarital sex is wrong.
Q3) Queer theory is a growing body of knowledge asserting that A) sex has always seemed strange to most people.
B) no sexual practice should be considered wrong.
C) people fear discovering their homosexuality.
D) there is a heterosexual bias in U.S. society.
Q4) There are few areas of life in which sexuality does not play some part.
A)True
B)False
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Deviance
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120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Based on your reading, it would be correct to say that biological approaches offer
A) a very limited understanding of crime.
B) a good explanation of most crimes.
C) a good explanation of violent crime.
D) a good explanation of property crime.
Q2) A judge orders that an offender be sentenced to prison for a short time, with most of the sentence served on probation.This sentence reflects a policy called A) parole.
B) shock probation.
C) rehabilitation.
D) extended lockup.
Q3) Men, who represent about half the U.S.population, account for about _____ of all arrests for property crime.
A) 33 percent
B) 50 percent
C) 63 percent
D) 98 percent
Q4) Define due process, plea bargaining, and community-based corrections.
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Social Stratification
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181 Verified Questions
181 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) China stands out as a country without any social classes.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is status consistency? Provide a description of a person with high status consistency and an example of someone with low status consistency.
Q3) In most poor families in the United States, no family member has a full-time job.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Davis and Moore point out that an egalitarian society
A) could never exist.
B) could exist, but only if people are willing to allow anyone to perform any job.
C) would be more productive than a stratified society.
D) has existed in many societies at various times in history.
Q5) Two-thirds of all poor people in the United States are African Americans.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Look at the "Seeing Sociology in Everyday Life" photo essay on
Q7) What is the difference between income and wealth?
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Global Stratification
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115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In low-income nations, inequality between men and women is greater than it is in high-income countries.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In past centuries, European nations colonized countries in A) Africa, Latin America, and Asia.
B) only Latin America.
C) only Asia.
D) only Africa.
Q3) According to modernization theory, the greatest barrier to economic development is A) technology.
B) multinational corporations.
C) capitalism.
D) traditional culture.
Q4) In terms of the global perspective, how does poverty combine with gender to create disadvantages for women? Compared to the United States, is there more or less gender inequality in low income societies? Why?
Q5) Describe the distribution of income for the world as a whole.
Q6) Identify and define four types of slavery found in today's world.
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Gender Stratification
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121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most cases of female genital mutilation occur in A) Latin America.
B) the United States.
C) Africa.
D) Asia.
Q2) Corporate women still encounter a "glass ceiling" that prevents them from being promoted to high levels in the company.
A)True
B)False
Q3) On average, human males are both taller and heavier than human females.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Traditional conceptions paint masculine and feminine in opposing terms.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The point of describing gender in the Israeli kibbutzim is to show that
A) gender is rooted in biology.
B) women can dominate men.
C) cultures define gender in different ways.
D) boys and girls must be raised by biological parents.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Race and Ethnicity
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123 Verified Questions
123 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the United States during the 1930s and 1940s, the existence of the "Negro leagues," with all African-American players, is an example of A) assimilation.
B) segregation.
C) pluralism.
D) miscegenation.
Q2) What is a stereotype? How can applying the sociological perspective help to assess the validity of any stereotype?
Q3) What is the Bogardus social distance scale? What does research using the scale tell us about changing attitudes of college students towards racial and ethnic minorities?
Q4) Pluralism is the idea that all people should live with their own kind.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Historically, WASPs dominated social life in the United States until about A) 1860, with the election of Abraham Lincoln. B) 1932, with the election of Franklin D. Roosevelt.
C) 1960, with the election of John F. Kennedy.
D) 1992, with the election of Bill Clinton.
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Chapter 12: Economics and Politics
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201 Verified Questions
201 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) How do capitalism and socialism differ in overall productivity? What about economic inequality?
Q2) The use of computers by workers tends to limit workplace interaction.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In 2011, a wave of popular uprisings seeking more democratic government swept across which region of the world?
A) sub-Saharan Africa
B) North America
C) South America
D) the Middle East
Q4) We hear a lot about "two Americas," which include the "blue" regions of the country that favor Democratic candidates and "red" regions of the country that favor Republican candidates.Review National Map 12-2 on
Q5) Traditional authority gains importance as a society becomes industrialized.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What is a social institution? What is the economy?
Q7) What are the three defining traits of socialism?
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Family and Religion
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190 Verified Questions
190 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) How does the family perpetuate social inequality with regard to class, gender, and race?
Q2) Among American Indians who migrate from reservations to cities, a common pattern is
A) strong extended kinship.
B) a fluid, or changing, household.
C) starting to use kin terms for unrelated people who live together.
D) All of these responses are correct.
Q3) How do spiritual "seekers" differ from members of established churches?
Q4) In the United States, a slight majority of adults claim to be
A) Catholic.
B) Jewish.
C) Protestant.
D) Muslim.
Q5) Which of the following concepts refers to a religious organization that is largely outside a society's cultural traditions?
A) church
B) sect
C) cult
D) denomination
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Education, Health, and Medicine
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212 Verified Questions
212 Flashcards
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Sample
Questions
Q1) What is the contribution to understanding health and medicine made by each of sociology's three major theoretical approaches? Apply the structural-functional, symbolic-interaction, and social-conflict approaches in turn.Do they agree on any points?
Q2) Social epidemiology is the study of how health and disease are distributed throughout a society's population.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In the United States today, about what percentage of the adult population has a high school diploma?
A) 48 percent
B) 68 percent
C) 88 percent
D) 98 percent
Q4) About half of U.S.adults are now college graduates.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Heterosexual sex cannot transmit AIDS.
A)True
B)False
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Population, Urbanization, and Environment
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127 Verified Questions
127 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Demographic transition theory states that humanity must act now to reduce fertility if we are to save the planet.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Among which of the following categories of the U.S.population is fertility low?
A) Hispanics
B) Amish people
C) Asian Americans
D) All of these responses are correct.
Q3) Clearly state the warning given to the world by Thomas Robert Malthus.How does demographic transition theory respond to this warning? Provide data on the history of global population increase and indicate whether or not you think it provides evidence that supports Malthus's view.What about demographic transition theory? Which position do you find more convincing? Why?
Q4) With the Industrial Revolution, how did the physical design of cities change?
A) Cities took on a new focus on business.
B) Winding streets gave way to broad and straight boulevards.
C) Urban populations became much larger.
D) All of these responses are correct.
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Chapter 16: Social Change: Modern and Postmodern
Societies
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168 Verified Questions
168 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The assumption that the people who participate in the "Occupy Wall Street" demonstration feel that they lack sufficient income and job prospects offers support for which of the following theories explaining social movements?
A) culture theory
B) new social movements theory
C) mass-society theory
D) deprivation theory
Q2) Modernity is the product of social changes brought on by the Industrial Revolution.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Kai Erikson claims that, as serious as many disasters are, they usually are over quickly.
A)True
B)False
Q4) People in the United States are inclined to speak of social change as "progress." In this essay, critically assess that contention.As evidence, consider some of the changes mentioned in the box on
Q5) What are four key characteristics of the process of social change?
Page 18
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