Sociocultural Influences on Development
Exam Materials
Course Introduction
This course explores how cultural, social, and environmental factors shape human development across the lifespan. Students will examine key theories and research on the influence of family, peers, community, media, and broader societal norms on cognitive, emotional, and social development. Emphasis will be placed on understanding the diversity of developmental trajectories within and across cultures, as well as the impact of issues such as socioeconomic status, ethnicity, language, and gender. Through case studies and critical discussion, students will gain insight into how sociocultural contexts inform development and how this knowledge can be applied to education, policy, and practice.
Recommended Textbook
Human Development A Cultural Approach 1st Edition by Jeffrey J. Arnett
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13 Chapters
4180 Verified Questions
4180 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/3908
2
Chapter 1: A Cultural Approach to Human Development
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330 Verified Questions
330 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/77804
Sample Questions
Q1) What general values do developing countries tend to regard highly?
A)collectivistic
B)individualistic
C)traditional
D)modern
Answer: A
Q2) Your roommate is a smoker.He really would like to quit and has been reading about Freudian theory.He thinks that he is fixated at the oral stage and that he should make an appointment with a clinician who specializes in psychosexual therapy.What would you tell him?
A)Few professionals adhere to Freud's theory,even psychoanalysts,so he should try something else.
B)He should probably try it.Freud would say that he was orally fixated.
C)It sounds to you like he is actually anally fixated.
D)It will take time,but psychoanalysis should probably work for him.
Answer: A
Q3) What are the components of SES?
Answer: education level,income and occupational status
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Chapter 2: Genetics and Prenatal Development
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334 Verified Questions
334 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When the ovum is fertilized by the sperm this is called ____.
A)fertility
B)conception
C)cervix
D)gametes
Answer: B
Q2) What maternal behavior during pregnancy was related to conduct disorders and substance abuse in adolescence?
A)mega-dosing of vitamins
B)drinking alcohol
C)cocaine use
D)smoking
Answer: D
Q3) Which of the following is a
A)placenta,implantation,blastocyst
B)blastocyst,implantation,placenta
C)placenta,blastocyst,implantation
D)implantation,placenta,blastocyst
Answer: B
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Birth and the Newborn Child
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323 Verified Questions
323 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Neonates tend to lose about ____% of their weight in their first few days,because they lose fluids.
A)5%
B)10%
C)15%
D)20%
Answer: B
Q2) Your roommate is a smoker.You and he are having an argument because he not only thinks that smoking is OK,but also thinks it is fine when a pregnant woman smokes-his mother did.You argue that,among other things,women who smoke when pregnant have newborns who are ____.
A)more likely to be low birth weight,which is not a good start for the baby
B)more sickly,but also more intelligent
C)very energetic and can be hyperactive
D)very likely to have an eating disorder
Answer: A
Q3) Give one reason that a woman would deliver by c-section (not including convenience of scheduling).
Answer: Failure to progress or a breech birth are two reasons for a c-section.
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Infancy
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293 Verified Questions
293 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Between ____ an infant's attention becomes more socially driven.
A)6-12 months
B)12-18 months
C)18-24 months
D)24-32 months
Q2) When are infants likely to show surprise?
A)when something occurs that frightens the child
B)when something frightens the parent and is conveyed then to the infant
C)when the infant has been physically abused
D)when something in the infant's perceptual world violates expectations
Q3) Just for fun,you thought that it might be interesting to see how your 3-month-old stepbrother would act if you showed no emotion at all and simply looked at him for a few minutes.How did your stepbrother react?
A)he laughed and giggled
B)he slapped his hands together
C)he was distressed
D)he was happy and reached for you
Q4) Describe 3 risk factors for SIDS.
Q5) Would three-year-olds enjoy the game of peek-a-boo? Would you expect to see cultural variations? Explain.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Toddlerhood
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308 Verified Questions
308 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A(n)____ is to electrical activity as a(n)____ is to magnetic field.
A)PET; ECG
B)ECG; PET
C)EEG; fMRI
D)fMRI; EEG
Q2) In Harry Harlow's (1958)classic study on attachment,which of the following "mothers" did the baby monkeys prefer?
A)terry cloth
B)wire mesh
C)cotton balls
D)wood
Q3) The narrator of this video tells us that three factors can influence motor development.Which of the following lists contains those three factors?
A)environmental,physical,emotional
B)genetic,environmental,cultural
C)environmental,cultural,emotional
D)genetic,physical,emotional
Q4) Describe common nutritional problems of toddlers in developing countries and consequences that are likely to result.
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Chapter 6: Early Childhood
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319 Verified Questions
319 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cultural learning skills,such as learning to set the table in a developed country or to help prepare food in a traditional culture,
A)develop as part of a social and cultural process,according to Vygotsky.
B)must be learned in the sensorimotor stage first or they never fully develop.
C)cannot be appropriately acquired until early adolescence.
D)usually develop best if they take place in a formal setting.
Q2) There are substantial similarities worldwide in how cultures socialize young children and structure their social environments.What are the similarities?
A)Fathers take over the role of socialization and mothers have no role at all.
B)There is a rapid and complete reduction in the roles that mothers play in their child's social development.
C)There is an increase in the roles that mothers play in the social expansion of the child.
D)There is a gradual lessening of dependence on the mother and a move toward peers and older children.
Q3) Being right-handed is more common in Western countries such as the U.S.and Canada.Is this also the case in other parts of the world? Explain.
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Chapter 7: Middle Childhood
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352 Verified Questions
352 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The phonics approach advocates ____.
A)that schemas are changed through assimilation and accommodation
B)teaching children by breaking down words into their component sounds and then putting the sounds together into words
C)emphasizes the meaning of written words in whole passages
D)allowing a child to explore their world as a means of cognitive growth
Q2) ____,individuals become more capable of focusing their attention on relevant information and disregarding what is irrelevant.
A)In early childhood
B)In middle childhood
C)In early teenage years
D)In late teenage years
Q3) What is the name of the phenomenon in which IQ scores in Western countries rose dramatically in the course of the 20th century?
A)breast-feeding effect
B)academic effect
C)butterfly effect
D)Flynn effect
Q4) What are two possible causes of ADHD?
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Chapter 8: Adolescence
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329 Verified Questions
329 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/77793
Sample Questions
Q1) What is being presented when individuals put on a self that they know does not represent what they are actually thinking and feeling?
A)feared self
B)ideal self
C)false self
D)fictional self
Q2) Adolescents who work more than 10 hours a week are more likely to ____.
A)have psychological symptoms
B)be happy
C)have several romantic relationships
D)have very high grades
Q3) Why are rates of cigarette smoking lower among adolescents in the United States and Canada as compared to Europeans?
A)Adolescents in the U.S.and Canada are more intelligent than European adolescents.
B)It is not illegal to sell tobacco products to European adolescents.
C)The United States and Canadian governments have waged large-scale public health campaigns against smoking.
D)Parents in the United States and Canada are less likely to smoke.
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10
Chapter 9: Emerging Adulthood
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333 Verified Questions
333 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/77792
Sample Questions
Q1) Across developing countries,what is the leading cause of death during emerging adulthood?
A)cardiovascular disease
B)cancer
C)motor vehicle injuries
D)infections
Q2) Which of the following best describes the feelings of an emerging adult and his or her parent(s)as the young person leaves the home?
A)"absence makes the heart grow fonder"
B)"storm and stress,resistance and rebellion"
C)"relief and good-riddance"
D)"joy and exhilaration"
Q3) From the text,which of the following is an explanation of why emerging adults in Europe have a low rate of political participation?
A)They are not granted the right to vote until age 30.
B)Younger individuals are not exposed to and taught the political system.
C)They possess low levels of trust in political authorities and the political system.
D)Democracy and freedom are new to many European countries.
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Chapter 10: Young Adulthood
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296 Verified Questions
296 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) During young adulthood rigidity gradually develops in the tendons and muscles of the lungs,chest,and ribs,which leads to a decrease in vital capacity,defined as ____.
A)the maximum amount of air that can be contained in the lungs
B)the minimum amount of air needed to sustain life
C)the maximum amount carbon dioxide needed to avoid death
D)the minimum amount of pressure the diaphragm needs to exert to expand the lungs
Q2) What do young Argentines view as the most important criterion that signals adulthood?
A)completing military service
B)supporting a family financially
C)being able to support their parents financially
D)emotional self-control
Q3) Regular exercise in young adulthood reduces the risk of a variety of illnesses and diseases in middle adulthood,including ____.
A)farsightedness,diabetes,and jaundice
B)diabetes,cardiovascular disease,and several types of cancer
C)nearsightedness,hemophilia,and dementia
D)eczema,psoriasis,and various allergies
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Middle Adulthood
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338 Verified Questions
338 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/77802
Sample Questions
Q1) Your father,who is a high school English teacher,is having some difficulty reading,which is causing him considerable frustration.He has a pair of reading glasses,but loses them constantly because he is not really used to needing glasses.What is something that you could suggest to him that might be helpful? What type of surgery could he have?
A)monovision
B)regular Lasik
C)binocular adjustment procedure
D)retinal replacement
Q2) What is the type of cancer with the lowest universal survival rate?
A)pancreatic
B)lung
C)breast
D)skin
Q3) In terms of attention,with age people seem to become less able to ____.
A)inhibit a response to irrelevant information
B)pay attention to relevant information
C)remember important information
D)withhold a response when angered
Q4) Describe the cultural beliefs regarding sexuality for Indians during mid-life.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Late Adulthood
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341 Verified Questions
341 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/77801
Sample Questions
Q1) Your 83-year-old uncle has always been a very entertaining storyteller.In the past few years he has been having difficulty remembering the names of people who are important for his stories.What difficulty is your uncle experiencing?
A)tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon
B)Stroop phenomenon
C)gotcha memory
D)forgetful memory
Q2) The majority of research on emotions and the self-concept of individuals in late adulthood have concluded that most individuals have a greater number of:
A)positive emotions and experience a more positive self-esteem.
B)negative emotions and experience a low self-esteem.
C)positive emotions and experience a low self-esteem.
D)negative emotions and experience a high self-esteem.
Q3) At what age is wisdom the most probable?
A)emerging adulthood
B)middle adulthood
C)late adulthood
D)Wisdom is not related to age.
Q4) In which country is there a "New Old People's movement?" Explain the benefits.
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Chapter 13: Death and Afterlife Beliefs
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284 Verified Questions
284 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/77800
Sample Questions
Q1) Where do most Hindus die?
A)at a temple
B)at a church
C)at a hospital
D)at home
Q2) Langer (2002)criticizes Elizabeth Kübler-Ross' theory of death and dying by proposing that many actually experience ____ as a response to a diagnosis of terminal illness,which Kübler-Ross does not include.
A)spirituality
B)apathy
C)fear
D)enlightenment
Q3) The results of a survey (DiCamillo and Field,2006)on attitudes regarding actively taking steps to end the life of a person who is terminally ill indicated what percentage of individuals from five developing countries agreed with this approach?
A)at least 90%
B)at least 70%
C)at least 50%
D)at least 30%
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Page 15