Social Work with Individuals and Families Exam Solutions
Course Introduction
This course provides an in-depth exploration of the principles, theories, and practices involved in working with individuals and families within a social work context. Students will develop the skills necessary to assess needs, plan interventions, and deliver culturally responsive support, with an emphasis on empowerment, advocacy, and ethical practice. The course covers stages of the helping process, approaches to building therapeutic relationships, and strategies for addressing complex family dynamics. Through case studies, role-plays, and reflective exercises, students gain practical experience in intervention planning and outcome evaluation, preparing them to respond effectively to diverse client situations.
Recommended Textbook
Life Span Development 16th Edition by John W Santrock
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20 Chapters
2881 Verified Questions
2881 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction
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158 Verified Questions
158 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Lynne,five,loves to draw and color.She represents the world with words and her drawings.According to Piaget's cognitive development theory,Lynne is in the _____ stage of cognitive development.
A)preoperational
B)sensorimotor
C)formal operational
D)concrete operational
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following is a criticism of standardized tests?
A)They allow a person's performance to be compared with that of other individuals.
B)They assume a person's behavior is consistent and stable.
C)They provide information about individual differences among people.
D)They are difficult to design.
Answer: B
Q3) Which age is determined based on physical health and the functional capacities of a person's vital organs?
Answer: Biological age
Q4) Identify the term that refers to the capacity for change.
Answer: Plasticity
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Chapter 2: Biological Beginnings
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153 Verified Questions
153 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ is the social and legal process by which a parent-child relationship is established between persons unrelated at birth.
A)Kinship care
B)Rebirthing
C)Guardianship
D)Adoption
Answer: D
Q2) Klinefelter syndrome occurs approximately _____ live male births.
A)once in every 100
B)once in every 1,000
C)once in every 10,000
D)once in every 100,000
Answer: B
Q3) _____ are the building blocks of cells as well as the regulators that direct the body's processes.
A)Genes
B)Proteins
C)Ribosomes
D)DNA
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Prenatal Development and Birth
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160 Verified Questions
160 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) During delivery,which of the following diseases is transmitted to a newborn through the birth canal?
A)Diabetes
B)West Nile virus
C)Rubella
D)Genital herpes
Answer: D
Q2) Identify the prenatal care program that consists of approximately 50 home visits from the prenatal period through two years of age.
A)The Nurse Family Partnership
B)Centering Pregnancy
C)Maxx Family Life
D)Prenatal Care Assistance Program
Answer: A
Q3) Identify the process that takes place at approximately 6 to 24 weeks after conception,involves cells moving from their point of origin to their appropriate locations and creating the different levels,structures,and regions of the brain.
Answer: Neuronal migration
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Chapter 4: Physical Development in Infancy
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161 Verified Questions
161 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nadine's doctor is assessing her fine motor skills.This means that her doctor is going to look at her ability to:
A)coordinate large muscle activity like walking.
B)maintain fine balance on a beam.
C)perform finely tuned movements like using a pencil.
D)perform reflexive behavior like stepping.
Q2) The _____ includes the cerebral cortex and several structures beneath it.
A)forebrain
B)hindbrain
C)midbrain
D)topbrain
Q3) The developmentalist who believed that motor skills development comes about through maturation is:
A)Dr.Konrad Lorenz.
B)Dr.Benjamin Spock.
C)Dr.T.Berry Brazelton.
D)Arnold Gesell.
Q4) List the four lobes of the brain and briefly describe their functions.
Q5) List five risk factors associated with an infant dying from SIDS:
Q6) Define gross and fine motor skills,and give an example of each.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Cognitive Development in Infancy
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156 Verified Questions
156 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Significant changes during the _____ substage involve the coordination of schemes and intentionality.
A)primary circular reactions
B)secondary circular reactions
C)coordination of secondary circular reactions
D)tertiary circular reactions
Q2) Eleven-month-old Maya points to her cup when she wants some water to drink.Maya's behavior:
A)is considered slow for her age; she should be using simple words by this time.
B)is considered appropriate for her age.
C)is considered advanced for her age; most children do not point until after 12 months.
D)should be discouraged so that she will learn to speak.
Q3) Define receptive vocabulary and spoken vocabulary.What is the relationship between the two?
Q4) Identify the theorist who developed a measure to test infant cognitive development designed to distinguish normal babies from abnormal ones.The current version of this theorist's test combines the infant's performance in four domains into an overall score called the developmental quotient.
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Socioemotional Development in Infancy
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157 Verified Questions
157 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Carrie is a 19-year-old single mother.She often feels overwhelmed and depressed about her situation and frequently neglects her eight-month-old son and his needs.On several occasions,she has slapped his hand when he reaches for her cell phone.Carrie's baby is most likely to develop a(n)_____ toward her.
A)insecure avoidant attachment
B)insecure disorganized attachment
C)insecure resistant attachment
D)secure attachment
Q2) According to critics,the Strange Situation might not be able to capture important differences among infants because:
A)it is a controlled,artificial situation.
B)there is too little control of contextual factors in it.
C)its information is biased by observers' impressions.
D)as a measure of attachment,it may be culturally biased.
Q3) What are the recommended parenting strategies for different children's temperaments?
Q4) What is stranger anxiety,and when does it develop? What is separation protest,and when does it peak?
Q5) Describe the Strange Situation.What is an important criticism of this method?
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Chapter 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood
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154 Verified Questions
154 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Piaget's preoperational stage is so named because he believed that children in this stage of development:
A)cannot yet perform reversible mental actions.
B)cannot yet form stable concepts.
C)are unable to reason.
D)cannot operate electronic devices like TVs.
Q2) Juan and his little sister,Anne,are each given a large cookie.Their mother breaks Anne's cookie into four pieces to enable her to eat it easily.Juan immediately begins to cry and says that it is not fair for his sister to get so many cookies when he only has one.Juan is showing a lack of:
A)constancy.
B)conservation.
C)intuition.
D)symbolic function.
Q3) Aubrey is in a school that takes into account the typical development of children within an age span as well as the uniqueness of the child.It also emphasizes the importance of creating settings that encourage active learning and reflect the child's interests and capabilities.This view represents a ________.
Q4) What are the current controversies in early childhood education?
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood
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166 Verified Questions
166 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Barbara monitors her children's emotions,views their negative emotions as opportunities for teaching,and assists her children in labeling their emotions.She is an:
A)emotion-facilitator parent.
B)emotion-supportive parent.
C)emotion-coaching parent.
D)emotion-encouraging parent.
Q2) _____ promote the development of female physical sex characteristics.
A)Androgens
B)Estrogens
C)Testosterone
D)Progesterone
Q3) Who among the following is most likely to be rejected by peers on the basis of gender roles?
A)A little girl in boy's clothing
B)A little boy playing with a doll
C)A little boy playing with a toy truck
D)A little girl carrying a baseball mitt
Q4) Define self-conscious emotions and provide two examples.What are the two criteria necessary for children to experience self-conscious emotions?
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Chapter 9: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle and
Late Childhood
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149 Verified Questions
149 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sabine has a severe impairment in reading and spelling ability.Identify the condition with which Sabine would most accurately be diagnosed.
A)Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
B)Dysgraphia
C)Dyslexia
D)Dyscalculia
Q2) Megan,who is eight years old,has a test tomorrow."It's an easy test," she tells her mother."I just have to recognize a bunch of stuff on a chart.I finished studying for it yesterday.I know that I'll remember everything I need to know." Megan is exhibiting her:
A)brainstorming ability.
B)creative thinking.
C)metamemory.
D)metadata.
Q3) What are the barriers to creating culture-fair tests?
Q4) Tabitha has a learning disability that involves a severe impairment in her ability to read and spell.She most likely has _____.
Q5) What are the treatment options available for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)?
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Chapter 10: Socioemotional Development in Middle and Late Childhood
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145 Verified Questions
145 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ children are frequently nominated both as someone's best friend and as being disliked.
A)Controversial
B)Average
C)Neglected
D)Rejected
Q2) How can rejected children be trained to interact more effectively with their peers?
A)They should be kept isolated from their peers to prevent aggressive outbursts. B)They should be taught to more accurately assess whether the intentions of their peers are negative.
C)They should be taught to stay away from their peers in order to prevent confrontations.
D)They should be subjected to corporal punishment whenever they exhibit aggressive behavior toward their peers.
Q3) Mrs.Collins is a teacher who needs to develop a strategy for improving relations among ethnically diverse students.List some strategies that she may employ to obtain positive results.
Q4) How do schools in low-income areas compare with those in high-income areas?
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Chapter 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence
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144 Verified Questions
144 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to a U.S.national survey,by age 20,_____ percent of U.S.youth have engaged in sexual intercourse.
A)77
B)62
C)90
D)52
Q2) In the formal operational stage,adolescents begin to think more as a scientist thinks,devising plans to solve problems and systematically testing solutions.This type of problem solving requires _____.
A)trial-and-error reasoning
B)hypothetical-deductive reasoning
C)concrete operational reasoning
D)preconventional reasoning
Q3) A high school principal sends home a letter to parents stating that she is instituting a service learning component and all students are required to participate.
Q4) What is the term for an eating disorder that involves the relentless pursuit of thinness through starvation?
Q5) Discuss how early or late maturation affects boys and girls.
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Chapter 12: Socioemotional Development in Adolescence
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138 Verified Questions
138 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An individual's body image encompasses his or her:
A)sexual identity.
B)personality.
C)relationship identity.
D)physical identity.
Q2) Which of the following statements about adolescent health is true?
A)More adolescents around the world are dying from acute infections than before.
B)Many adolescent health-compromising behaviors,especially illicit drug use and unprotected sex,are decreasing in frequency.
C)The rate of HIV infection in sub-Saharan countries has decreased marginally in recent years.
D)Fewer adolescents around the world die from malnutrition now than in the past.
Q3) Joseph Allen and his colleagues found that adolescents who were securely attached to their parents at 14 years of age were more likely at 21 years of age to report:
A)feeling uncomfortable in other intimate relationships.
B)continuing financial dependence on their parents.
C)relationship competence and fewer problematic behaviors.
D)conflict in the relationship with their parents.
Q4) What term is used to describe the self-portrait composed of many pieces?
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Chapter 13: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early
Adulthood
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143 Verified Questions
143 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) List two reasons that deaths due to HIV/AIDS have begun to decline in the United States.
Q2) Binge drinking peaks at about:
A)16 to 18 years of age.
B)21 to 22 years of age.
C)17 to 19 years of age.
D)24 to 26 years of age.
Q3) According to Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi,_____ refers to a heightened state of pleasure experienced when we are engaged in mental and physical challenges that absorb us.
A)bliss
B)flow
C)euphoria
D)nirvana
Q4) _____ refers to a behavior pattern characterized by an overwhelming involvement with a drug and a preoccupation with securing its supply.
A)Abuse
B)Dependence
C)Attachment
D)Addiction
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Chapter 14: Socioemotional Development in Early
Adulthood
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145 Verified Questions
145 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In one longitudinal study,when 3-year-old children showed good control of their emotions and were resilient in the face of stress,they were:
A)likely to continue to handle emotions effectively as adults.
B)less likely as adults to be assertive.
C)likely to be aggressive in their relationships in later adulthood.
D)more likely to engage in compulsive gambling in early adulthood.
Q2) Which of the following is an advantage of having children early?
A)Parents are more likely to build up expectations for their children.
B)Planning for children's growth or education is more methodical and realistic.
C)The parents are likely to have more physical energy.
D)The parents have more time to consider their goals in life.
Q3) In E.Mavis Hetherington's research,which individuals made up only about 10 percent of the divorced group?
Q4) The early stages of love have more _____ love ingredients.
A)romantic
B)companionate
C)passionate
D)consummate
Q5) What is temperament? What is its connection to personality?
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Chapter 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle
Adulthood
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144 Verified Questions
144 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ was the main cause of death in the United States until the middle of the twentieth century.
A)Infectious disease
B)Accident
C)Chronic disease
D)Homicide
Q2) Which of the following statements is TRUE about mortality rates in United States and the world?
A)The least number of deaths in the twentieth century were caused due to infectious diseases.
B)The rates of chronic disorders have decreased and the rate of infectious disease have increased.
C)In old age,many deaths are caused by a single,readily identifiable condition.
D)Men usually have higher mortality rates than women for all of the leading causes of death.
Q3) Identify the term that refers to the mental "workbench" where individuals manipulate information and solve problems.
Q4) What is hormone replacement therapy (HRT)? Identify some of the risks associated with it.
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Chapter 16: Socioemotional Development in Middle
Adulthood
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142 Verified Questions
142 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the Berkeley Longitudinal Studies,which of the following characteristics was generally stable across time for an adult?
A)Nurturance
B)Hostility
C)Self-control
D)Self-confidence
Q2) According to the Big Five factors of personality,which of the following personality supertrait describes a person as either helpful or uncooperative?
A)Conscientiousness
B)Agreeableness
C)Openness
D)Extraversion
Q3) Explain the contemporary life-events approach to development.
Q4) Which of the following is true of middle-aged and older adults who had poor sibling relationships in childhood?
A)Men were more likely to develop depression by age 50.
B)Women were more likely to develop depression by 40.
C)Both men and women tended to re-bond with their siblings during middle-age.
D)Women tended to move away from sibling relationships.
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Physical Development in Late Adulthood
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147 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT one of the three major diseases that can impair the vision of older adults?
A)Myopia
B)Cataract
C)Glaucoma
D)Macular degeneration
Q2) Which of the following is true about substance abuse?
A)In 2010,the percentage of individuals who engaged in binge drinking increased considerably in the middle and late adulthood years.
B)Substance abuse among older adults is an "invisible epidemic" in the United States.
C)The frequency of binge drinking (defined as four or more drinks for women and five or more drinks for men on one occasion in the past 30 days)was lowest among older adults.
D)Screening questionnaires are appropriate for eliminating substance abuse among for older adults.
Q3) What is the "invisible epidemic" among older adults in the United States?
Q4) What is the term for the process of generation of new neurons?
Q5) List three major findings from the Nun Study on aging.
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Chapter 18: Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Contrast cognitive mechanics and cognitive pragmatics,and give examples of each.
Q2) What are the important factors influencing depression in older adults?
Q3) Which of the following is a similarity between Alzheimer and Parkinson disease?
A)Both are triggered by a deficiency of the important brain messenger chemical acetylcholine.
B)Both are progressive in nature.
C)Both affect only the elderly.
D)Both are easily managed with medication.
Q4) What is the term for a focused and extended engagement with an object,task,event,or some other aspect of the environment?
Q5) Mr.Dalton has been complaining of irregular and involuntary movement in the right part of his body.The doctors noticed that Mr.Dalton has been showing signs of slow movement and partial facial paralysis.The chronic and progressive nature of the illness was revealed in the pathological findings.Which of the following conditions does Mr.Dalton most likely suffer from?
A)Alzheimer disease
B)Multi-infarct syndrome
C)Lewy body dementia
D)Parkinson disease
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Chapter 19: Socioemotional Development in Late Adulthood
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144 Verified Questions
144 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The late Arthur Rubinstein,during his old age,maintained his status as an admired pianist by a few simple strategies.One of those was reducing the scope of his performances and playing fewer pieces.Which aspect of Baltes' theory does this reflect?
A)Selection
B)Organization
C)Optimization
D)Compensation
Q2) According to studies by Price & Nesteruk (2010),retirement brings the greatest changes to _____ families.
A)modern
B)egalitarian
C)minority
D)traditional
Q3) The _____ issue raises questions about whether the young should be required to pay for the old.
A)ageist culture
B)generational equity
C)social justice
D)economic equity
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Page 21
Chapter 20: Death, Dying, and Grieving
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139 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is an accurate criticism of Kübler-Ross' theory of dying?
A)She underestimates the amount of time people stay in the anger stage.
B)She did not consider that men and women go through each stage differently.
C)She did not demonstrate the existence of the five-stage sequence.
D)She ignored that most people do not realize they are dying.
Q2) Elisabeth Kübler-Ross believed that when a person is dying of a terminal illness,depression is:
A)a temporary phase that friends and family should help the person through as quickly as possible.
B)the first phase a person goes through when he or she learns that death is imminent.
C)part of the normal process of detaching the self from love objects.
D)an uncommon reaction that signals that the person needs professional counseling to cope with death.
Q3) Who was the theorist who emphasized that components comprising the death system in any culture are people,places or contexts,times,objects,and symbols?
Q4) Discuss the definition of brain death and the criteria involved in its determination.
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