Social Work Methods
Final Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Social Work Methods explores the foundational approaches and techniques used by social workers to engage, assess, intervene, and evaluate individuals, families, groups, and communities. The course covers a variety of frameworks, including casework, group work, and community organization, emphasizing strengths-based and client-centered practice. Students will analyze ethical considerations, cultural competence, and the application of evidence-based interventions in diverse settings. Through discussions, case studies, and experiential learning, participants gain a comprehensive understanding of how to implement social work methods effectively to address complex social issues and promote social justice.
Recommended Textbook
Essential Research Methods for Social Work 4th Edition by Allen Rubin
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2
Chapter 1: Why Study Research?
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true about research utilization and social work practice:
A)Whether or not social work practitioners bother to keep abreast of research findings on which interventions are the most effective for their clients has no bearing on how professionally ethical those social workers are.
B)Whether or not social work practitioners bother to keep abreast of research findings on which interventions are the most effective for their clients has no bearing on how compassionate those social workers are.
C)Whether or not social work practitioners bother to keep abreast of research findings on which interventions are the most effective for their clients has no bearing on social work values.
D)All of these.
E)None of these.
Answer: E
Q2) Explain what is meant by the statement,"Tradition and authority are the two-edged swords in the search for knowledge about the world."
Answer: No Answer
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Chapter 2: Evidence-Based Practice: The Research Process
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Q1) Evidence-based practitioners will
A)assume that evidence on practice effectiveness will find its way to them.
B)assume that the published studies they find are scientifically valid.
C)use research methods to evaluate whether the evidence-based actions they take are resulting in the outcomes they seek to achieve.
D)All of these.
E)None of these.
Answer: C
Q2) Evidence about practice effectiveness will
A)always be conclusive.
B)sometimes indicate what actions NOT to take.
C)usually indicate what is effective with every client or situation.
D)will point toward taking an action that the client is certain to want.
Answer: B
Q3) Critical thinkers will:
A)Be willing to question and alter their own beliefs based on new experiences.
B)Be willing to question what those in authority assert as fact.
C)Question unstated assumptions underlying accepted practice wisdom.
D)All of these.
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods of Inquiry
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Q1) Which of the following statements is true about quantitative and qualitative methods?
A)Quantitative studies are always deductive.
B)Quantitative studies always involve large samples.
C)Some quantitative studies are inductive and involve small samples.
D)Qualitative studies are usually deductive.
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following statements is true about the phases of the research process in mixed methods studies?
A)The problem formulation phase comes first.
B)The problem formulation phase comes third.
C)The first phase is designing the study.
D)None of these.
Answer: A
Q3) The key feature of the social justice mixed methods design is the requirement that qualitative inquiry must precede quantitative inquiry.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Factors Influencing the Research Process
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Q1) Descriptive research answers the question "what's so" and explanatory research answers the question "why."
A)True
B)False
Q2) Explain why attrition can be an important problem in panel studies and how it can distort the results.
Q3) Social work practice models,like theories,can influence the research process.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Alex interviews the same survivors of a hurricane immediately after the hurricane and then again at 3 month intervals over two years to see how the effects of the hurricane on them change over time.Alex is conducting a:
A)trend study.
B)cohort study
C)panel study.
D)cross-sectional study.
Q5) Discuss how two social work practice models might lead to different research studies about school social work with children who are disruptive in the classroom.
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Chapter 5: Ethical Issues in Social Work Research
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Q1) What ethical guideline(s)is are violated in the following study? A child therapist thinks the new,untested psychotherapy she recently developed is more effective than physician-prescribed medications for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.To research the effectiveness of her therapy,she tells parents that the therapy replaces the need for the medications and then provides the therapy to half of her clients,without telling parents about the study or which treatment group their child is in.
A)voluntary participation and informed consent.
B)no harm to the participant.
C)deceiving subjects.
D)all of these.
Q2) Ethical considerations are invoked by
A)the kinds of individuals serving as participants.
B)the setting in which the research is to take place.
C)the analysis of the data.
D)the reporting of the data.
E)All of these may invoke ethical considerations.
Q3) Briefly summarize both sides of the arguments regarding Epstein's study of a bogus article to test journal bias.
Q4) Illustrate how ethics and politics can affect social work research.
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Chapter 6: Culturally Competent Research
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Q1) Using anonymous enrollment procedures can enhance efforts to recruit research participants from stigmatized populations.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following statements is true about sampling with populations that are oppressed,hidden and/or stigmatized?
A)Assuring prospective participants anonymity may help to secure their willingness to engage in a study.
B)Snowball sampling or purposive sampling may be necessary.
C)Disproportionate stratified sampling may be necessary to ensure that enough cases of certain minority groups are selected to allow for subgroup comparisons.
D)All of these.
Q3) A good way to ensure that your data analysis is culturally competent is to combine all minority groups together as one category to compare to the majority group in the data analysis.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Explain the difference between linguistic,conceptual and metric equivalence.
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8
Chapter 7: Problem Formulation
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Q1) If we hypothesize that a school social work intervention will prevent students from dropping out of school through the mechanism of increasing their level of self esteem,then level of self esteem would be viewed as a mediating variable.
A)True
B)False
Q2) There is only one acceptable operational definition for any given variable in social work research.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Give an example of how gender could be a variable in one study and a constant in another.
Q4) Which of the following IS NOT an operational definition of marital satisfaction?
A)a score on a scale measuring marital satisfaction.
B)whether or not identified by a therapist as having marital problems.
C)amount of marital unhappiness.
D)number of derogatory statements made by spouses to each other.
Q5) Give an example of a relationship that you think might be spurious,and discuss how you would attempt to ascertain whether it is indeed spurious.
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Chapter 8: Measurement in Quantitative and Qualitative Inquiry
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Q1) An instrument is developed with the intent to measure whether the parenting skills of parents referred for child abuse or neglect improve after participation in a parenting education treatment program.The instrument is found to be valid when untreated parents referred for child abuse or neglect score much worse on it than model parents who are child therapists.Which of the following statements is/are true about the instrument?
A)It appears to have known groups validity.
B)Because it is valid, it can be relied upon to detect whether small, subtle improvements occur in the parenting skills of the parents who participate in the program.
C)It appears to have predictive validity.
D)All of these.
E)None of these.
Q2) When someone who has sexually abused a child consistently denies having done so,it is an example of
A)systematic measurement error.
B)random measurement error.
C)unreliable data.
D)both b andc.
Q3) Explain why if a scale is found to be valid,we can assume that it is reliable.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Quantitative and Qualitative Measurement
Instruments
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Q1) An interview guide is a highly structured approach for conducting quantitative interviews.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The questionnaire item "Which is not a serious problem in the U.S.today,anomie or the socialization of the young?" violates which of the following guidelines?
A)Avoid double-barreled questions.
B)Avoid short items.
C)Avoid leading the respondent.
D)Avoid negative items.
Q3) Construct a brief questionnaire about an issue of interest to you that includes at least one contingency question.
Q4) Qualitative measures rely on interviews that are usually open-ended with in-depth probes.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Open-ended qualitative interviews never use standardized interview schedules. A)True B)False
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Chapter 10: Surveys
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Q1) Although online surveys can obtain large samples inexpensively,the respondents may NOT be representative of the rest of the population.
A)True
B)False
Q2) When conducting an online survey,you should:
A)Avoid using a brief e-mail invitational message.
B)Present the password and link to the survey website early in the e-mail message.
C)Avoid setting a deadline for participation.
D)Use a website that prevents respondents from reentering the survey if they take a break.
Q3) A major advantage of the key informants and community forum approaches to needs assessment is the representativeness of the opinions expressed.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The spread of telephone answering machines has improved the quality of data collected by telephone surveys.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Sampling: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches
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Q1) Selecting a sample that the researcher believes will yield the most comprehensive understanding of a subject based on an intuitive "feel" for the subject is employing quota sampling.
A)True B)False
Q2) Drawing a purposive judgmental sample
A)allows researchers to use their prior knowledge about the topic.
B)enlists the aid of uninformed respondents.
C)results in a sample that has no researcher bias.
D)ensures a representative sample.
Q3) Describe deviant case sampling,and give an example of a study in which it would be useful.
Q4) Compare probability designs with nonprobability designs.Identify the kinds of sampling designs available within each of these major categories.Explain a situation in which it would be more appropriate to use probability sampling and one in which nonprobability sampling would be preferred.
Q5) The terms population and sampling frame are synonymous. A)True B)False
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Chapter 12: Experiments and Quasi-Experiments
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Q1) The classic experiment with random assignment of participants controls for:
A)research reactivity
B)measurement bias
C)diffusion or imitation of treatments
D)compensatory equalization and rivalry
E)resentful demoralization
F)all of these
G)none of these
Q2) If we can establish that variable X comes before variable Q in time,then we can say
A)variable X is a cause of variable Q.
B)variable X is not a cause of variable Q.
C)variable Q is a cause of variable X.
D)variable Q is not a cause of variable X.
Q3) When selecting a comparison group in a quasi-experimental design,one should
A)select a group unlike the experimental group.
B)select a group as similar as possible to the experimental group.
C)use random assignment.
D)none of these
Q4) Explain what is meant by internal and external validity.
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Chapter 13: Single Case Evaluation Designs
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Q1) Discuss why it can be argued that a single-case AB design,if done appropriately,has greater internal validity than a simple pretest/posttest group design (with no control group).
Q2) Ideally,baselines should be extended until a stable trend in the data is evident.
A)True B)False
Q3) The ability to construct a retrospective baseline is one of the advantages of using available records.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following procedures for dealing with an unstable baseline might be appropriate in some situations?
A)Introduce intervention anyway, recognizing that a stable baseline is not feasible.
B)Delay intervention until the baseline becomes stable.
C)all of these.
Q5) Multiple measurement points during baseline control for statistical regression.
A)True B)False
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Chapter 14: Program Evaluation
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Q1) Which of the following statements is NOT true about the utilization of program evaluation results?
A)They are less likely to be used if they contradict deeply held beliefs.
B)If the results are clear and have obvious policy implications, they will always be used.
C)They are less likely to be used when they threaten vested interests.
D)None of these; they are all true.
Q2) Managed care companies tend to be disinterested in the outcomes of program evaluations.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following statements is NOT true about program evaluation?
A)It differs dramatically from most of the research done by social workers.
B)It refers to the purpose of research more than to any particular research methods.
C)It can apply to many diverse research designs and methods.
D)It can be used not only to assess the impact of human service programs but also to improve their implementation.
Q4) Discuss the value of pilot studies in program evaluation.
Q5) Describe the impact managed care has had on program evaluation.
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Chapter 15: Additional Methods in Qualitative Inquiry
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Q1) The complete participant role prevents researchers from having an effect on what they are observing.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Grounded theory emphasizes inductive processes,but can incorporate deductive processes.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following statements is true about focus groups?
A)The larger the number of participants, the better.
B)The group dynamics may bring out information that may not have emerged in individual interviews..
C)Representativeness is a common strength of this method.
D)The data that emerge are likely to be less voluminous and more systematic than structured survey data.
Q4) An advantage of qualitative research is that
A)it enables the researcher to draw conclusions about the population.
B)the researcher can control the variables under study.
C)phenomena can be studied in a natural setting.
D)hypotheses can be rigorously tested.
17
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Chapter 16: Analyzing Available Records: Quantitative and Qualitative Methods
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Q1) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of secondary analysis.
Q2) Secondary analysis refers to the analysis of data collected by another researcher for a purpose similar to your research interests.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Describe a study for which the analysis of existing statistics is the appropriate research method.What source would you use? What problems might you encounter and how would you resolve them?
Q4) Historical research can involve quantitative as well as qualitative methods.
A)True B)False
Q5) For social scientists,an advantage to utilizing available records for data is A)the reliability and validity of the data am guaranteed.
B)the reliability and validity of the data can easily be assessed and connected, if necessary.
C)the reports are very accurate.
D)the data can be obtained with limited financial cost.
E)the data is already in ideal types.
18
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Chapter 17: Quantitative Data Analysis
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Q1) Given the following age distribution,the mean is 18,33,7,32,6,5,4
A)4
B)7
C)15
D)32
E)cannot compute from the information given.
Q2) Terminally ill patients are both more likely to receive social work services and to die in the hospital.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Suppose 100 clients referred for substance abuse problems receive new Intervention A and another receive treatment as usual (TAU).Suppose further that 20% of the recipients of Intervention A recidivate as compared to 50% of the TAU recipients.The odds ratio would be:
A)2.5.
B)4.0.
C).40.
D).20.
Q4) Define and explain how to calculate odds ratios and risk ratios.
Page 19
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Chapter 18: Qualitative Data Analysis
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Q1) Describe how concept mapping is used in qualitative analysis.
Q2) Concept mapping diagrams relationships in a graphical format.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding semiotic analysis?
A)There is no meaning inherent in any sign
B)Language is the only sign system of interest to those doing semiotic analysis
C)Meanings reside in minds
D)Semiotics is concerned with our agreements about meanings
Q4) Qualitative researchers seek to discover patterns by using:
A)the grounded theory method.
B)semiotics
C)conversation analysis.
D)concept mapping.
E)All of these.
Q5) The search for the intentional or unintentional meanings attached to signs is called semiotics.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Describe how coding is used in qualitative analysis.
Page 20
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