Social Psychology
Chapter Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Social Psychology explores how individuals thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others. The course examines key topics including social perception, attitudes, conformity, group dynamics, persuasion, prejudice, aggression, and prosocial behavior. Students will learn about classic and contemporary research, theoretical perspectives, and real-world applications, enabling them to understand the powerful role of social context in shaping human interactions and societal outcomes.
Recommended Textbook
Social Psychology 7th Australia Edition by Graham M. Vaughan
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2
Chapter 1: Introducing Social Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are interested in the effects of visual feedback on how people respond when they meet a stranger.Half of your participants see a videotape of their own facial reactions when they meet a stranger; the other half does not see a videotape.You then ask all participants how positively they felt about their encounter with the stranger.The independent variable in your investigation is
A) the stranger
B) visual feedback
C) you as the researcher
D) none of the above; this is a correlational rather than an experimental study
Answer: B
Q2) The influence of early twentieth century German Gestalt psychology on social psychology is evident in
A) cognitive theories
B) the various forms of attribution theory
C) social exchange theory
D) theories of attraction
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Social Cognition and Social Thinking
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ted's uncle says that students hang out in cafes and pubs and party a lot.Ted's uncle's views are
A) role schemas
B) prototypes
C) stereotypes
D) both A and C
Answer: D
Q2) Softly-spoken Dorothy is doing something very uncharacteristic in a public car park-assertively she tells someone who has just unpacked a shopping trolley to return it to 'its proper place'.You,as a close friend,are likely to
A) pay close attention to what is going on
B) attribute it to stress in Dorothy's private life
C) remember that Dorothy can be as assertive as yourself
D) forget about it at present, but store it up to think about it later
Answer: A
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4
Chapter 3: Attribution and Social Explanation
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Sample Questions
Q1) The theory that deals with how people construct causal explanations is
A) causal identity theory
B) attribution theory
C) cognition theory
D) categorisation theory
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a self-serving bias?
A) Self-protection
B) Self-enhancement
C) Self-satisfaction
D) Self-handicapping
Answer: C
Q3) The idea that al-Qaeda are behind almost every world catastrophe you can think of is an example of
A) a complex socio-historical explanation
B) deductive reasoning
C) latter-day rationalism
D) a conspiracy theory
Answer: D
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Self and Identity
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the overjustification effect,performance on a task may be improved by
A) yelling at someone until they complete the task
B) setting performance goals, and rewarding for good performance
C) appealing to a person's ideal self
D) giving many rewards for completing the task
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a major motive that influences self-construction?
A) Self-assessment
B) Self-enhancement
C) Self-discrepancy
D) Self-verification
Q3) Mary's view is that we gain self-knowledge by making self-attributions.She has clearly been influenced by ________ theory.
A) self-perception
B) social comparison
C) self-discrepancy
D) 'looking-glass'
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Chapter 5: Attitudes
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Sample Questions
Q1) A measurement instrument for attitudes that is characterised by a set of cumulative items and by unidimensionality is
A) the bogus pipeline technique
B) Thurstone's equal-appearing intervals
C) a Guttman scale
D) Osgood's semantic differential scale
Q2) A scale that uses word meanings and locates a person's attitude concept on an evaluative dimension is
A) the semantic differential scale
B) the expectancy-value technique
C) a Likert scale
D) the bogus pipeline technique
Q3) What do Likert's method of summated ratings,Guttman's scale and Thurstone's method of equal-appearing intervals have in common?
A) They all have a neutral point
B) They were invented in the 1920s
C) The assumption that attitudes can be measured quantitatively
D) Their ease of construction
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Chapter 6: Persuasion and Attitude Change
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Q1) A challenging orientation in attitude change theory has argued that one way to change people's minds is to change their behaviour.The underlying concept is
A) weighted averaging
B) heuristic processing
C) cognitive dissonance
D) the door-in-the-face tactic
Q2) Upon experiencing cognitive dissonance a person will
A) learn to desensitise
B) start looking for ideas that do not fit with their cognitions
C) search for harmony in his/her attitudes and behaviours
D) complain to the local noise control authority
Q3) Agreeing to a small request by not giving it much thought is referred to in social psychology as
A) mindlessness
B) systematic processing
C) acquiescent response set
D) automatic processing
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8
Chapter 7: Social Influence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Several ethical questions were raised following Milgram's study of obedience to authority.These included which of the following?
A) Why were the participants paid?
B) Why were most studies carried out at a university?
C) Were the hypotheses underlying the research important?
D) Why was one study carried out in a run-down city office?
Q2) Compliance,obedience and conformity
A) are theories of power and influence
B) are types of social influence
C) relate to different stages in a series of social pressures
D) follow the same norms and standards
Q3) Lewin's study of group meetings of housewives who discussed recipes for eating offal meat permitted
A) a group norm to be developed
B) a new advertising strategy to be put in place
C) health consciousness to be expressed
D) women to be creative in their cooking
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Chapter 8: People in Groups
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Sample Questions
Q1) Chandler is a new member of the drama society at University.However,all members must go through a mysterious initiation process before they can attain full member status,which Chandler has not yet completed.At the moment,Chandler is a __________ of the drama society.
A) non-member
B) full member
C) quasi-member
D) complete member
Q2) With reference to group tasks,Steiner argues that the group output is always less than the group's potential due to
A) a process loss
B) less than optimal leadership
C) intergroup conflict
D) group conflict
Q3) The term 'group cohesiveness'
A) can vary between contexts and across time
B) is a descriptive term for a property of a group
C) refers to a psychological process of individuals in relation to a group
D) all of the above
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Leadership and Decision Making
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT a symptom of groupthink leading to defective decision making?
A) Disregard of information that is not in support of the group's ideas
B) Critical analysis of different opinions
C) Unquestioning belief that the group is right
D) Stereotyping of outgroup members
Q2) Winston Churchill was voted into government during the war,but voted out of government after the war.This can be generalised to show
A) that leaders undergo personality changes when in power
B) the speed of political change
C) that leaders, once in power, do not always live up to their promises
D) the situational nature of leadership
Q3) The LPC scale is used to measure leadership style
A) in factory settings
B) in sports groups
C) in democratic countries
D) as part of contingency theory
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Chapter 10: Prejudice and Discrimination
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Sample Questions
Q1) Using a word association task,Gaertner and McLaughlin (1983)attempted to prime racial stereotypes about Blacks and Whites.They found that A) negative words were more quickly associated with Blacks
B) positive words were more quickly associated with Whites
C) most participants refused to take part
D) word associations actually failed
Q2) Mr Uppity thinks that immigrant kids who can't speak fluent English should not be in his classroom,so he doesn't give them too much of his time.Then,as he expects,they do not perform too well in the tests he marks.Here we have a clear case of
A) the failure of immigration policies
B) a melted pot policy
C) the need for special classes for immigrant children
D) a self-fulfilling prophecy
Q3) Tokenism,reluctance to help and reverse discrimination are A) outcomes of stigmatisation
B) forms of discrimination
C) effects of prejudice
D) illegal
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Chapter 11: Intergroup Behaviour
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Sample Questions
Q1) The process of intergroup conflict resolution whereby a neutral third party intervenes in the negotiation process to facilitate a settlement is referred to as
A) arbitration
B) conciliation
C) mediation
D) bargaining
Q2) Helga has been living here for almost a decade now.Despite her German accent she sees herself as a local.Her group identification is at the core of
A) self-categorisation
B) groupthink
C) identity loss
D) deindividuation
Q3) The social mobility belief system refers to
A) the belief that social boundaries between groups are impermeable
B) the mass exodus of people from the city in the summer holidays
C) the belief that social boundaries between groups are permeable
D) collective action taken by individuals to challenge the status quo
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Aggression
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Sample Questions
Q1) The acquisition,instigation and maintenance of aggressive behaviour are concepts featured in
A) the behavioural stage model
B) Bandura's social learning theory
C) the frustration-aggression model
D) evolutionary social psychology
Q2) A link between levels of testosterone and the tendency to aggress is suggested by evidence arising from the study of
A) high testosterone levels in extreme sports participants
B) transsexuals being treated with testosterone as part of their sex reassignment
C) ADHD children in the classroom
D) males aggressing less than females
Q3) In applying intergroup theory to real life events,Tajfel explained war as originating in
A) the Freudian concept of Thanatos
B) the prevalence of authoritarianism
C) an attempt by groups to re-define group boundaries
D) the social structure and government
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Chapter 13: Prosocial Behaviour
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Sample Questions
Q1) Physiological arousal,labelling the arousal and evaluating the consequences of acting before helping are aspects of
A) the bystander-calculus model
B) the affect-cost model
C) an evolutionary model
D) the diffusion of responsibility model
Q2) Altruistic behaviour refers to behaviour that A) involves a payoff for the helper B) cannot be classified as prosocial behaviour
C) is intended to benefit the person helped rather than the helper D) hurts the helper
Q3) Latane and Darley's (1968)cognitive model of bystander intervention proposed that A) once the person thinks they might help other influences are irrelevant B) the major predictor for a person's helping behaviour is the person's values
C) there are considerable differences in people's abilities to empathise with a victim
D) a person's helping behaviour depends on a series of decisions
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15
Chapter 14: Attraction and Close Relationships
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Sample Questions
Q1) A meta-analysis of studies of attraction by Langlois and colleagues (2000)
A) included research that was based on evolutionary principles
B) rejected all work using qualitative methods
C) reported that females were generally less attracted to males than vice versa
D) deduced that the impact of initial attraction soon wore off
Q2) In comparing 'love' marriages with arranged marriages,Gupta and Singh (1982)found that
A) there were clear geographical patterns
B) partners in arranged marriages became more loving of each other over time than partners in love marriages
C) love marriages were characterised by more pronounced ups and downs
D) arranged marriages were less likely to be dissolved
Q3) Which of the following is not one of the variables included in Hatfield and Walster's (1981)three-factor theory of love?
A) A cultural determinant that acknowledges love as a state
B) The presence of an appropriate love object
C) The communication of consensual romantic feelings
D) Emotional arousal self-labelled 'love' that is felt when interacting with/thinking about an appropriate love object
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Language and Communication
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Sample Questions
Q1) Chrissie wants to increase the number of tips she gets in her part-time waiting job.Her best chance of success is to
A) drop the odd empty plate in front of guests
B) after taking an order, let the customer do the talking
C) maintain steady eye-contact with her customers
D) casually and discreetly touch each customer's hand
Q2) Language is
A) derived from cave drawings
B) verbal
C) only found in conspecifics
D) specific to humans
Q3) 'Illocution' refers to
A) verbal output
B) putting words in sequence
C) words in sequence with a context
D) a combination of sounds
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17
Chapter 16: Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of two dimensions that Schwartz (1992)found had stable meanings across countries is 'openness to change/conservatism'.The other one is
A) prosocial/antisocial
B) power tolerance/competitiveness
C) self-enhancement/self-transcendence
D) male/female orientation
Q2) Sarah lives in a student dormitory called 'Alpha House'.She is proud of her dormitory and often wears Alpha House's jersey around campus.One morning,Sarah goes to the library and waits in line to use a computer.A student from Sarah's rival dormitory 'Beta House' finishes using a computer and gets up to leave.As Sarah walks over,she notices that the student has left lots of rubbish on the computer desk.Sarah rolls her eyes,thinking that such selfish behaviour is typical of a Beta House resident.Sarah is engaging in
A) scapegoating
B) the ultimate attribution error
C) a double standard
D) cultural relativity
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