Course Introduction
Social Problems
Final Exam Questions
Social Problems explores the major issues affecting contemporary societies, such as poverty, inequality, crime, discrimination, environmental challenges, and health crises. The course uses sociological theories and research to analyze the origins, impacts, and potential solutions to these problems, encouraging students to critically examine societal structures, cultural norms, and policy approaches. Through case studies, discussions, and collaborative projects, students gain a deeper understanding of how social problems are defined, who is affected, and how individuals and communities can work toward positive change.
Recommended Textbook
New Society 7th Edition by Robert J. Brym
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21 Chapters
2434 Verified Questions
2434 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Sociology
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the text, what does sociology ultimately offer for the resolution of challenges faced by society?
A) useful ways of understanding our current predicament
B) scientific explanations of social issues
C) no ways of dealing with the issues
D) clear solutions
Answer: A
Q2) Rebecca has fallen in love with John; however, Rebecca is a member of a strict cult that governs she can marry only from within her group and John does not belong to her group. Feeling extremely controlled and saddened that she cannot be with John, she decides the only solution is to commit suicide. According to Durkheim, what kind of suicide is Rebecca committing?
A) altruistic suicide
B) egoistic suicide
C) anomic suicide
D) fatalistic suicide
Answer: D
Q3) Identify and describe the great sociological puzzles of our time.
Answer: Postindustrialism and globalization.
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) The postmodern condition makes consensus building in the democratic process increasingly difficult.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) According to the text, what is one consequence of ads directed at children?
A) They help children become informed consumers.
B) They lead to very little brand loyalty in children.
C) They aid parents in making purchases for children.
D) They cause more tantrums by children in malls.
Answer: D
Q3) Which of the following is an example of ethnocentrism?
A) respecting cultural differences no matter what
B) assuming democracy is the best social model
C) finding what others eat intriguing and interesting
D) seeing other religions as on a par with your own
Answer: B
Q4) Define norms and provide an example.
Answer: Norms are generally accepted ways of doing things, such as how family members cooperate to raise children.
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Chapter 3: Socialization
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Sample Questions
Q1) A recent university graduate takes a job in a civil-service apprenticeship program where she learns all about governmental processes. At the end of the apprenticeship, she is offered a full-time job. What sociological term best describes this person's apprenticeship?
A) occupational socialization
B) resocialization
C) primary socialization
D) adult socialization
Answer: D
Q2) A young mother is raising a two-year-old boy and a three-year-old girl. She is careful to dress her children in distinctly masculine or feminine clothes and encourages her son to play with trucks and army figures, and her daughter to play with dolls. Which of the following best describes what this mother is doing?
A) sex stereotyping
B) gender stereotyping
C) primary socialization
D) gender role socialization
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Gender and Sexuality
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Sample Questions
Q1) The official position of all of the major world religions is that extramarital sex is unacceptable.
A)True
B)False
Q2) According to the text, what does research reveal about abusive acts between the sexes in their relationships?
A) Male partners are more likely than female partners to participate in abusive acts.
B) Male partners are more likely to be abused by female partners.
C) Female partners are less likely than male partners to participate in abusive acts.
D) Female partners are as likely as male partners to participate in abusive acts.
Q3) According to the text, what do sexual jokes, comments, and touching that interfere with people's work constitute?
A) gender-environment sexual harassment
B) abuse-of-power harassment
C) a poisoned workplace
D) hostile-environment sexual harassment
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Chapter 5: Communication and Mass Media
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Sample Questions
Q1) A media analyst warns that the "media conglomerate" is selectively contributing to hysteria about global warming because the focus is only on stories that allege man-made carbon emissions are the problem. The analyst further states that there are plenty of opposing opinions from credible scientists that don't get airtime. He concludes that we are being deceived with an unbalanced, media-selected view. Which theoretical perspective has informed this critic's observations?
A) functional
B) anarchist
C) postmodern
D) critical
Q2) According to Randall Collins, Canadian culture is beyond Americanization for which of the following reasons?
A) Because of globalization, national identity is becoming a thing of the past.
B) Canada has a strong national identity and a thriving media it exports abroad.
C) Canadian media watchdogs encourage media content from other countries.
D) International standards ensure removal of barriers for foreign media.
Q3) What is the impact of the concentration of corporate ownership and control of media in Canadian society on the freedom of the press and the diversity of opinion?
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Chapter 6: Social Stratification
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Gerhard Lenski's evolutionary model, which of the following societies is LEAST stratified?
A) postindustrial
B) simple horticultural
C) modern agricultural
D) hunting and gathering
Q2) According to Gerhard Lenski, how was the evolutionary trend toward ever-increasing inequality reversed?
A) through the development of a social welfare society
B) through ever-increasing fundamentalist religious charitable donations
C) by ever-increasing technological complexity in society
D) by the ever-increasing creation of jobs requiring more manual labour
Q3) Why is class-consciousness an important social psychological component of Marx's theory?
Q4) A lot of Canadians believe that we live in a meritocracy. Can you give historical and current examples that would challenge this taken-for-granted belief?
Q5) Describe the basic differences between Davis and Moore's functionalist approach to stratification and the other conflict approaches discussed in the text.
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Chapter 7: Gender Inequality
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Sample Questions
Q1) A young woman becomes emotionally distraught upon being told the family pet has died. She gets teary-eyed and her boyfriend defends her emotionality to his teasing male friends as "part of being a woman." Which of the following terms best characterizes his statement?
A) male chivalry
B) gender socialization
C) gender stereotyping
D) polar opposites
Q2) What are the three implications of the fact that gender is learned and its content is continually renewed and altered through social interaction?
Q3) Which of the following terms refers to an occupational structure where men and women are numerically concentrated in different occupations?
A) sex segregated
B) nonstandardized
C) sexually standardized
D) sex typed
Q4) What are the two areas of policy development that relate to inequality in the workplace? How are they the same?
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Chapter 8: Race and Ethnic Relations
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Sample Questions
Q1) The school board abolished an old regulation that no students from Country X would be admitted. The regulation had been put in place because the board had believed (at the time) that people from Country X were less intelligent and unable to achieve appropriate academic standards. The reasoning for this old regulation is an example of which of the following?
A) prejudice
B) normative theory
C) frustration-aggression
D) primordialism
Q2) John van den Hoven worked and saved for many years in order to emigrate from Holland to Canada with his two sons, buy land, and live his dream life as a farmer. According to Canadian immigration policy, what category would John fit into?
A) immigrant investor
B) self-employed immigrant
C) skilled worker
D) family class immigrant
Q3) Define the Quiet Revolution and explain its significance in present-day Canadian society.
Q4) Define institutional racism and list the three forms that it can take.
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Chapter 9: Development and Underdevelopment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Country X is a newly industrializing country in the era of globalization and transnational trade. Whose economic approach should government mirror in order to stimulate the economy and benefit the citizens?
A) Keynes
B) Marx
C) Friedman
D) IMF
Q2) Julianne argues that the solutions to economic problems in a country can be found in the private market. Her assertion reflects the position of which economist?
A) John Maynard Keynes
B) David Ricardo
C) John Stewart Mill
D) Milton Friedman
Q3) A big winner in the global neoliberal economy is Mexican Carlos Slim Helu, who, in 2007, was declared to be richer than Bill Gates.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Outline the basic tenets of a neoliberal approach to development.
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Chapter 10: Families
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Engels, what two principles were the foundations of the nuclear family?
A) male strength and female weakness
B) male control of property and female fidelity
C) biology of reproduction and maternal instincts
D) biological determinism and family values
Q2) What does social reproduction mean in terms of the roles of families in culture?
A) It refers to the various ways in which social groups identify kin relations.
B) It means that families conduct social life and biologically reproduce themselves.
C) It is a broad range of behaviours that maintain social life.
D) It means that mothers provide the care in order that their babies will grow and thrive.
Q3) Which of the following people examine the power dynamics and conflicts common within families?
A) Marxist theorists
B) symbolic interactionists
C) feminist analysts
D) family-value politicians
Q4) According to Talcott Parsons, what functions do the family perform?
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12
Chapter 11: Work and Occupations
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jacques, a recent university graduate, starts work as a civil engineer with the city of Calgary. He is gratified by the design challenges in making the city work, and the freedom he has implementing his ideas. Which term best identifies the aspects of work that are most pleasing to Jacques?
A) intrinsic rewards
B) extrinsic rewards
C) professional recognition
D) job autonomy
Q2) According to the text, what factors best constitute a good job?
A) A good job is a job that satisfies the needs of an employee.
B) A good job is a job with both extrinsic and intrinsic rewards.
C) A good job is one with intrinsic rewards, but no extrinsic rewards.
D) A good job allows autonomy and self-direction.
Q3) According to the text, what has happened to labour under capitalism?
A) The division of labour has shrunk with rising capitalism.
B) A work rhythm was established that was connected to the seasons.
C) The division of labour has expanded greatly.
D) An increasing number of skilled craftspeople are employed.
Q4) Why are some areas of expertise considered semi-professions instead of professions?
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Chapter 12: Education
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compare and contrast the functionalist and Marxist perspectives on the role of education in society.
Q2) Rooted in the ideas of John Dewey, the concept of progressive pedagogy is based on nurturing intrinsic forms of motivation and the engagement of students in the learning process.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What were the perceived beneficial effects of religious influences in early Canadian schools?
A) to reflect the values of modern secular society
B) to help everyone move up the educational ladder
C) to help generate funding for education institutions
D) to curb problems such as crime and ignorance
Q4) According to the text, what trend can be identified concerning religious influences in Canadian schools?
A) Religious influence is steady.
B) Religious influence is rising.
C) Religious influence has been eliminated.
D) Religious influence is declining.
Q5) Identify and briefly define the three basic roles of education.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Religion
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Frankel and Hewitt's research, what factor is related to religious involvement?
A) Religiously involved people are far happier than atheists.
B) People with religious involvement are far gloomier than atheists.
C) Religiously involved people are more industrious.
D) Religious involvement relates to good mental health.
Q2) Which sociologist wrote The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism?
A) Karl Marx
B) Max Weber
C) Talcott Parsons
D) Émile Durkheim
Q3) How does "deprivation" account for religiosity?
Q4) A novice born-again Christian attends a charismatic prayer group. The small group stands to pray, then someone starts to speak in tongues, and the whole group starts singing in unison. The novice feels a transcendent presence. Which of the following terms applies to this social phenomenon?
A) collective sacredness
B) collective projection
C) collective consciousness
D) collective delusion
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Deviance and Crime
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Sample Questions
Q1) The "tough on crime" approach is premised on deterrence theory.
A)True
B)False
Q2) I am considering cheating on my income tax because I think I can get away with it, but I don't want to pay any fines if I get caught. Consequently, I change my mind. What sociological concept could explain why I decided against cheating?
A) the morality theorem
B) the conscience syndrome
C) the certainty principle
D) the punishment principle
Q3) Define moral panic and discuss its significance in the social construction of crime and deviance.
Q4) A minor is having sex and smoking-what would the text author conclude about this behaviour?
A) These behaviours bring overreactions from adults in society.
B) These behaviours are described as a deviance for a minor.
C) These behaviours are a normal part of growing up.
D) These behaviours would be cause for concern.
Q5) List the basic principles of routine activities theory.
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Chapter 15: Population and Urbanization
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Sample Questions
Q1) A man in a wheelchair is sitting on a subway platform when he is swarmed by a group of teenagers, who mug him as a dozen people stand by and do nothing to help. What kind of modern lifestyle characterizes communities where citizens are detached from each other to such an extent that "everyone wants to mind their own business"?
A) individualism
B) isolationism
C) ghettoism
D) urbanism
Q2) Clara moved into a neighbourhood where no children were allowed. This meant that when her son's family came to visit, they went out for the day, because there was nowhere for her grandchild to play. While this was inconvenient, Clara liked the fact that she did not have to worry about noise from other children disturbing her mid-day naps. Where did Clara live?
A) in an antiyouth enclave
B) in an antifamily compound
C) in a peri-community
D) in a private community
Q3) Examine the causes of the rise of industrial cities and provide Canadian examples.
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Chapter 16: Sociology and the Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Modern environmental groups tend to be dominated by which group of citizens?
A) those with lower levels of education
B) those from the new middle class
C) those with a conservative political stance
D) those living in rural areas
Q2) Elizabeth drove a clunker of a car with terrible gas mileage, so she used public transit as often as she could and drove the car only when public transit wasn't an option. After winning a fuel-efficient car in a sweepstakes draw, she stopped purchasing bus passes and drove everywhere she needed and wanted to go. What explains Elizabeth's change of behaviour?
A) an energy conservation attitude
B) the effect known as Jevon's paradox
C) an attempt to reduce her carbon footprint
D) an ecostandards approach
Q3) Who was the sociologist who developed the risk society thesis?
A) Anthony Giddens
B) Ulrich Beck
C) Robert Bullard
D) Erving Goffman
Q4) What is corporate greenwashing? Why would companies be inclined to practise it?
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Health and Aging
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Sample Questions
Q1) "How we view the causes of health problems influences how we deal with them." Explain what this means.
Q2) Which of the following applies to the idea that seniors in modern-day Western societies are abandoned by their families?
A) It is a trend.
B) It is a fact.
C) It is overstated.
D) It is a myth.
Q3) Which term from your text describes the fact that most people, most of the time, are personally concerned with looking after themselves?
A) self-help
B) self-care
C) self-efficacy
D) self-reliance
Q4) Discuss how globalization affects health and aging and poses a threat to Canadian health care.
Q5) List and discuss the five interrelated themes that characterize apocalyptic demography.
Q6) Why are physicians considered to be the gatekeepers to our health-care system?
Page 19
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Chapter 18: Politics and Social Movements
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Sample Questions
Q1) Tessa joined a group of women advocating for pay equity legislation and working toward the elimination of workplace gender discrimination. What type of group did Tessa join?
A) socialist feminist
B) radical feminist
C) conservative feminist
D) liberal feminist
Q2) Dariya was arrested when she was found spray-painting protest messages on the walls of a new factory that was approved by the local government. Which branch of government will decide how to deal with Dariya's actions?
A) legislative
B) executive
C) judiciary
D) administrative
Q3) While the Save Darfur Coalition found on Facebook has over a million members, there has been little success in fundraising for the cause.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is the difference between power and authority?
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Chapter 19: Globalization
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Sample Questions
Q1) A Canadian movie theatre is most likely to feature films that have been produced from one of the following sources-which one?
A) Denmark
B) Canada
C) Britain
D) the United States
Q2) A United States delegation is on a free trade mission to a developing country and wants to import People magazine; however, the host country protests importing this product as an unfair practice. Which global organization's treaty document does the host country cite to back up its claims?
A) the UNESCO Convention on Cultural Diversity
B) the World Trade Organization laws
C) the International Monetary Fund's regulations
D) the World Bank's Convention on Imports
Q3) Neoliberal economic policies are aimed at increasing state spending and regulation in order to create a more liberal and equitable society.
A)True
B)False
Q4) How have corporations responded to anticorporate criticism?
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Chapter 20: Research Methods
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Sample Questions
Q1) Write a proposal for a sociological research experiment.
Q2) In studying how ethnicity influences social interaction, Foschi and Buchan were careful to assign their subjects to each of the experimental conditions. Which process did they use?
A) experimenter experience
B) subject interviews
C) random-digit-dialling
D) random assignment
Q3) Students who work at part-time jobs get lower grades than those who do not work.
In methodological terms, what kind of variable are students' grades?
A) mediating variable
B) independent variable
C) dependent variable
D) confounding variable
Q4) When are measurements in research considered reliable?
A) when they are correlated
B) when they are consistent or repeatable
C) when they measure what they were supposed to measure
D) when they are accurate and relevant
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Chapter 21: Networks, Groups, Bureaucracies, and Societies
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is a quality circle?
A) Workers who observe and correct defects.
B) Group sessions used to motivate employees.
C) Supervisors who go around checking quality.
D) A focus group hired to evaluate product quality.
Q2) In his research of small group (5-6 people) communications, social psychologist Robert Bales discovered that three roles regularly emerged in discussion groups. One person would become the task leader, another the emotional leader, and a third would be the joker of the group. Do you think these particular roles would more likely emerge in primary groups or secondary groups, or equally in both? Explain your answer.
Q3) Every year Canada's Auditor General files a report to parliament describing the waste of millions of dollars in government bureaucracies. Each report is almost a photocopy of the previous year's report. This waste by the government captures which aspect of bureaucracy?
A) bureaucratic inertia
B) corporate steadfastness
C) organizational waste
D) sticking bureaucracy
Q4) What is groupthink? Give an example.
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