Social Problems Exam Preparation Guide
Course Introduction
This course explores the major social problems facing contemporary societies, including issues such as poverty, inequality, crime, substance abuse, family disruption, discrimination, and environmental challenges. Students will examine the root causes and consequences of these problems through sociological theories, research, and case studies. The course encourages critical analysis of how social problems are defined, measured, and addressed by individuals, communities, and public policies. Emphasis is placed on understanding diverse perspectives, evaluating possible solutions, and developing informed strategies for social change.
Recommended Textbook experience sociology 1st Edition by David Croteau
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17 Chapters
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1696 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Sociology in a Changing World
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The movement of individuals from living in rural farming towns into centralized cities is known as
A)urbanization.
B)suburbanization.
C)gentrification.
D)industrialization.
Answer: A
Q2) What term defines the social bonds that connect individuals to each other?
A)collective conscience
B)organic solidarity
C)social solidarity
D)social structure
Answer: C
Q3) Which historical period is marked by increased multiculturalism,a shift towards information-based economies,and the emergence of mega-cities?
A)postmodernity
B)modernity
C)industrial
D)premodernity
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Understanding the Research Process
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Sample Questions
Q1) Raymond found that as mothers' educational achievement increases,the greater the level of education their daughters are likely to attain.What is the dependent variable?
A)daughters' education
B)education
C)mothers' education
D)years of schooling
Answer: A
Q2) During what phase of the research process would you operationalize your concepts?
A)analyzing data
B)collecting data
C)developing a specific question to study
D)designing the study
Answer: D
Q3) The goal of basic research is to describe and help us better understand our social world.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which researcher has found that there are about ten universal values that have a similar meaning across cultures?
a.Shalom Schwartz
b.Robin Williams
c.Susan Marsh
d.Emily Smart
Answer: a
Type:Basic
Q2) What is the key concept underlying the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis?
A)Language allows for the easy translation of words from one culture to another.
B)Languages affect how their speakers think and behave.
C)Some cultures have evolved to have more sophisticated language than others.
D)New words and concepts are rarely developed and have remained stable over time.
Answer: B
Q3) The swastika was an ancient symbol that was used in many cultures.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Social Structure
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to functionalists,how are institutions related to the larger society?
A)Institutions stand outside conventional society.
B)Institutions contribute to society by meeting certain societal functions.
C)Institutions battle against society for dominance.
D)Institutions wither away as society becomes stronger.
Q2) A young boy is born into an Indian-America family in an urban area and his parents save so he can attend a top college.At the end of college,the young man decides to pursue his master's in business administration and also takes a job as a marketing consultant.Which of the following would be the best an example of an achieved status?
A)marketing consultant
B)Indian-American
C)son
D)male
Q3) Cell phone usage is on the decline in most parts of the world due to high costs.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Both a friendship and a political system are examples of social structure.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Power
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Sample Questions
Q1) Max Weber defined legitimate power as based on
A)democratic elections.
B)the acceptance of and belief in authority.
C)acceptance by the majority.
D)accountability to a constituency.
Q2) Power that uses force to accomplish obedience is
A)traditional.
B)illegitimate.
C)rational.
D)primitive.
Q3) In the United States,wealth and resources are
A)distributed fairly equally.
B)distributed unequally.
C)spread across classes.
D)held by the majority.
Q4) How do sociologists view the categories of race,class,and gender?
A)inherent and inevitable
B)natural and biologically determined
C)unchangeable and perpetual
D)socially constructed
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Chapter 6: Socialization
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Sample Questions
Q1) Some research suggests that,in the United States,there may be a new life stage in which young adults delay their entry into adulthood.This is known as
A)emerging adulthood.
B)transitional adolescence.
C)the boomerang generation.
D)the generation gap.
Q2) Which theorist believes that power shapes our daily life and our sense of self?
A)Charles Horton Cooley
B)Michel Foucault
C)George Herbert Mead
D)Sherry Turkle
Q3) Balancing the "I" and the "me" is
A)a biological component.
B)rarely necessary.
C)something that few people are able to do.
D)learned from social interaction with others.
Q4) Socialization ends with adolescence.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Interaction, Groups, and Organizations
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Sample Questions
Q1) It is simply human nature to want to conform;therefore,all cultures are similar in their level of conformity demonstrated by their members.
A)True
B)False
Q2) According to sociologists,which of the following would be a social group?
A)a crowd at a ballgame
B)men who are balding
C)a volleyball team
D)all college freshman in the United States
Q3) How are in-groups and out-groups different?
A)An individual feels that they are a member of out-groups,but not in-groups.
B)An individual feels a connection to an in-group,but sees out-groups as inferior.
C)An individual believes that an out-group is superior and an in-group is inferior to them.
D)An individual shies away from out-groups because they are more outgoing than in-groups.
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
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Sample Questions
Q1) The efforts of disability rights activists to remove the stigma attached to disability demonstrate how the definition of normal versus abnormal depends upon
A)the nature of the affliction.
B)cultural definition.
C)how individuals feel.
D)the degree of abnormality.
Q2) The focus on underlying medical issues when it comes to explaining deviance also changes how we view and treat deviants.Because the focus is on the medical cause,we are now more likely to treat deviants
A)with pity rather than scorn.
B)without the stigma attached.
C)as requiring institutionalization.
D)as beyond help.
Q3) Which statement best describes racial disparity in the application of capital punishment?
A)African Americans account for over 40% of death row inmates.
B)Little racial disparity exists.
C)Hispanics are most disproportionately represented.
D)Whites are most likely to face capital punishment.
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Class and Global Inequality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who described class as "script,map,and guide"?
A)Russ Eckel
B)Max Weber
C)Karl Marx
D)Alfred Lubrano
Q2) What set of terms do sociologists use to describe a country's level of industrial and technological development?
A)pre-industrial,industrial,post-industrial
B)first world,second world,third world
C)developed,developing,underdeveloped
D)western,southern,eastern
Q3) The resources a person has,such as various types knowledge and skills,are called
A)cultural capital.
B)social capital.
C)cultural resources.
D)social resources.
Q4) Income is more unevenly distributed than wealth.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Race and Ethnicity
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the 2010 census,how did President Obama identify himself?
A)white only
B)biracial
C)black only
D)multiracial
Q2) In the 1800s,what system was created to give Whites advantages over native Mexicans?
A)a closed school system
B)a racial caste system
C)a social class system
D)a system of desegregation
Q3) What did WASPs who settled the east coast of the United States typically believe in?
A)multiculturalism
B)pluralism
C)economic superiority
D)racial superiority
Q4) Fidel Castro's reforms were most popular with middle and upper classes in Cuba.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Gender and Sexuality
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Sample Questions
Q1) The sexual identities an individual can have are limited to heterosexual,homosexual,and bisexual.
A)True
B)False
Q2) How do people come to have a gender?
A)Gender comes naturally from biological differences.
B)They are socialized into being a boy or girl based on sex.
C)When rearing their child,parents pick the gender they want the child to adopt.
D)Individuals pick which gender they want to be.
Q3) Which of the following is NOT true about sexual harassment?
A)It can be intentional.
B)It is illegal to sexually harass someone.
C)It involves abuse of power.
D)It is possible to sexually harass someone without realizing it.
Q4) What type of social structure is controlled by men?
A)patriarchy
B)paternalism
C)oligarchy
D)matriarchy
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Chapter 12: Family and Religion
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the 1925 Scopes trial,a high school teacher in Tennessee was prosecuted for teaching
A)human evolution.
B)about creation.
C)the big bang theory.
D)about alien life.
Q2) According to Karl Marx,religion is "the opium of the people."
A)True
B)False
Q3) The ethic of reciprocity is also known as A)karma.
B)enlightenment.
C)the "golden rule."
D)the soul of religion.
Q4) Why do some see it as a positive that religion is viewed by many as a commodity?
A)It makes religious tolerance more of an issue.
B)It offers people choices that best fit their needs.
C)It requires that religious leaders are properly trained.
D)It allows people to contribute less money to a religious organization.
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Chapter 13: Education and Work
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Sample Questions
Q1) Schools are agents of socialization.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is the name for the various types of knowledge,skills,and other cultural resources someone possesses?
A)economic capital
B)social capital
C)social reproduction
D)cultural capital
Q3) Which of the following would NOT indicate a commitment to education within a particular country?
A)A country's government decides to divest from education and turn it over to the private sector.
B)Most young people spend a good portion of their lives in school settings.
C)An education system requires a substantial investment from a country's government.
D)The education system is a major employer for adults within the country.
Q4) The American workforce is increasingly working in industrial jobs.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Media and Consumption
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Sample Questions
Q1) Emotional obsolescence is when advertisers
A)appeal to the charitable emotions of their audiences so they constantly donate money to new causes.
B)constantly cycle new products into the marketplace,keeping customers dissatisfied with what they have.
C)realize that consumers have grown weary of their strategies and they seek out new forms of advertising.
D)want to do more than just sell products to people but want consumers to think about the environment.
Q2) The media often promotes an ideology that
A)justifies the existence of social inequality.
B)challenges our current capitalist economy.
C)opposes social inequality in all forms.
D)promotes the perspectives of poor people.
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a way that a sociologist would study the media?
A)comparing media depictions to social reality
B)determining cable television cost structures
C)examining media effects on audience
D)comparing content across two media types
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Communities, the Environment, and Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) The type of work you do can impact the type of health problems you experience.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Human ecologists liken the city processes of growth and decline to the natural patterns of life.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The pattern of health and disease among the population is not equal,and it is not random.The patterns of health distribution are related to
A)religious affiliation.
B)class and income level.
C)political affiliation.
D)ethnicity.
Q4) The study of the interaction between the physical environment and social life is called
A)environmentalism.
B)the green revolution.
C)human ecology.
D)local studies.
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Chapter 16: Politics and the Economy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which theory argues that political power is fragmented among different competing groups?
A)power fragmentation theory
B)power elite theory
C)pluralist theory
D)class domination theory
Q2) The government defines terrorism as political acts of violence perpetrated by
A)hostile individuals.
B)nations,groups,or individuals.
C)subnational groups.
D)hostile states.
Q3) One of the outcomes of a truly free-market capitalist system is
A)a fully competitive market.
B)monopolization.
C)regulated business environment.
D)reduction in inequality.
Q4) The majority of the world's people live in full democracies.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 17: Social Change: Globalization, Population, and Social Movements
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Sample Questions
Q1) Social movements would NOT be interested in pursuing which effort?
A)changing institutional structure
B)supporting charitable organizations
C)promoting the support for war
D)educating about the importance of recycling
Q2) Although composed mostly of the powerless,social movements do have power to bring about social change.A major source of their power is the power
A)to excite and inspire.
B)to influence and persuade.
C)to confront and challenge.
D)of non-compliance.
Q3) Based on Karl Marx's perspective,change in _____ is the foundation of all other social change.
A)cultural attitudes
B)the economic base
C)the distribution of power
D)the structure of domination
Q4) Social movements promote charitable efforts.
A)True
B)False
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