Social Influence and Persuasion Test Questions
Course Introduction
Social Influence and Persuasion explores the psychological principles and processes through which individuals' attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors are shaped by others. This course examines foundational theories and key research findings on conformity, compliance, obedience, group dynamics, and the power of social norms. Students will analyze real-world applications of persuasion techniques in areas such as marketing, politics, health communication, and interpersonal relationships. Through case studies and experiential activities, participants will gain practical insights into recognizing and ethically employing persuasive strategies in diverse social contexts.
Recommended Textbook
Social Psychology 9th Edition by Elliot Aronson
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16 Chapters
2963 Verified Questions
2963 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introducing Social Psychology
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184 Verified Questions
184 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Social psychologists tend to be more focused on ________, and personality psychologists tend to focus more on ________.
A) global issues; mental health
B) societal problems; therapies for psychological disorders
C) how people are unique; how people are similar
D) the influence of the situation; individual differences
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following psychologists is considered the founding father of modern experimental social psychology?
A) Gordon Allport
B) Kurt Lewin
C) B.F.Skinner
D) Leon Festinger
Answer: B
Q3) Which of the following is most likely to be studied by a social psychologist?
A) differences in nonverbal behavior between members of different cultures
B) the effects of social class on religious beliefs
C) the effects of occupational segregation on income
D) sex differences in self-concepts
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research
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251 Verified Questions
251 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Participants in the Latané and Darley (1968) experimental study of the effects of group size on intervention in an emergency utilized
A) audiotapes of the Kitty Genovese murder.
B) a staged assault on the experimenter.
C) an audiotaped seizure.
D) participants' reports of what they would do in an emergency.
Answer: C
Q2) A researcher discovers a strong positive correlation between ice cream sales and the incidence of violent crimes.Based on this, we can conclude that
A) we should recommend cutbacks in the sales of ice cream because it unexpectedly seems to increase aggression.
B) if we manage to control crime rates, ice cream sales will probably decrease.
C) somehow eating ice cream is causing people to become violent.
D) on a day when ice cream sales are high, there are likely to be more violent crimes.
Answer: D
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4
Chapter 3: Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World
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235 Verified Questions
235 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When most Americans walk into a fast food restaurant chain, they know they should walk up to the counter to order, pay, and pick up their food, rather than sit down and wait to be served.This knowledge of how to act in such a situation is called
A) controlled thinking.
B) a stereotype.
C) a counterfactual thought.
D) a schema.
Answer: D
Q2) Winston is looking for a job, and he notices a man in the coffee shop wearing a tie and white shirt, working on his computer, while also flipping through the ads in the paper.Based on your text's discussion of how current goals can affect accessibility, how is Winston most likely to interpret the man's behavior?
A) The man must be waiting on a client.
B) The man must be depressed.
C) The man must be looking for a job, too.
D) The man must be angry and tired.
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Social Perception: How We Come to Understand
Other People
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204 Verified Questions
204 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When Marnie met Phillip, he was drunk and loud.Now, months later, she still doesn't like him very much, even though she recently found out the reason he was so drunk was because his cold medicine interacted with the alcohol.The lingering opinion of Phillip is a result of
A)primacy effect.
B)self-fulfilling prophecy.
C)affect blending.
D)belief perseverance.
Q2) Hong and colleagues (2003) primed bicultural students with American, Chinese, or neutral images and had them make attributions about why a fish was swimming in front of other fish.What was the dependent variable of this experiment?
A)the type of attribution
B)the students
C)the type of images
D)there was no dependent variable
Q3) What are consistency, consensus, and distinctiveness information, and how do they combine to yield internal, external, and situational attributions? Give an example.
Q4) What are self-serving attributions, and why do people make them?
Page 6
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Chapter 5: The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context
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190 Verified Questions
190 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is most likely to increase intrinsic motivation?
A) large incentives
B) internal attributions
C) external attributions
D) self-perception processes
Q2) Agustin knows you're taking a psychology class and wants to know what he can do to be more disciplined in a few weeks when midterm exams come around.What advice do you have, based on the information in this chapter?
A) Exert self-control in some area now to practice for the future.
B) Consider starting a fight to provide an excuse for poor performance when the time comes.
C) See about volunteering at a day care so he can be sick when midterms come around.
D) Give up.There's nothing that can be done.
Q3) Many social psychologists assert that much of our sense of self arises from our interactions with or observations of others: in effect, that the self is social.How does Leon Festinger's social comparison theory fit this conceptualization self?
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Page 7
Chapter 6: The Need to Justify Our Actions: the Costs and Benefits
of Dissonance Reduction
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197 Verified Questions
197 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research using MRIs suggests that when people experience cognitive dissonance, they
A) rely heavily on reason and logic.
B) repress the memory of such events.
C) do not rely on reason much at all.
D) experience anger and fear.
Q2) A Japanese psychologist by the name of Sakai observed participants partaking in dissonance-reducing behaviors.Sakai also had a fellow group member of the participants observe the dissonance-reducing behavior.The observer then indicated how enjoyable he or she thought a boring task was.Results indicated that the observers experienced
A) no dissonance and no dissonance reduction.
B) strong dissonance.
C) no dissonance reduction.
D) a similar level of dissonance reduction as the participant.
Q3) The Ben Franklin effect is named for an incident in which Ben Franklin
A)reported liking King George III of England after the Boston Tea Party.
B)asked a favor of someone who had treated him coldly, and gained an ally.
C)charmed several unsuspecting young ladies in his town.
D)advised the president to create dissonance as a means of persuasion.
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Chapter 7: Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing
Thoughts and Feelings
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265 Verified Questions
265 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Because adolescents in particular are very susceptible to the emotional appeals of their peers, the textbook authors suggest that attitude inoculation attempts should take the form of
A) one-sided appeals.
B) two-sided appeals.
C) eliciting a public commitment to resist peer pressure.
D) role-playing responses to peers' appeals.
Q2) Cognitive dissonance theory suggests that when you cannot find sufficient external justification for your actions, you will attempt to find _________, which can lead to attitude change.
A) implicit attitudes about your behavior
B) self-perceptions
C) internal justification
D) cognitively based attitudes
Q3) You're convinced that if your self-esteem were only higher, you would achieve more in your work and be happier in your life.Should you purchase an audiotape containing subliminal messages to raise your self-esteem? Why or why not?
Q4) Do fear-arousing messages work? A social psychologist would probably say, "It depends." It depends on what?
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Conformity: Influencing Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) Itsuki, a Japanese teenager, has withdrawn from all social interaction.He is referred to as a hikikomori.The most likely reason for his withdrawal is as a result of A) academic failure.
B) being from a dishonored family.
C) being an illegitimate child.
D) being bullied severely.
Q2) The Asch line studies were conducted over fifty years ago, and society has changed quite a bit.A recent study involving fMRI and the line judgment task attempted to replicate some of Asch's results.What were the results of this study?
A) People today are more susceptible to conformity than people fifty years ago.
B) People today are less susceptible to conformity than people fifty years ago.
C) Results suggested that people no longer conform.
D) Results were very similar to those of Asch's original studies.
Q3) According to your text, our construals of the concept "conformity" are shaped by A) personality differences.
B) social psychologists.
C) our cultural self-image.
D) situational pressures.
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups
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205 Verified Questions
205 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Many Asian cultures are collectivistic; that is, they tend to place a greater emphasis on the welfare of the group than on the individual.Conversely, Western cultures tend to stress individual performance more than that of the group.A reasonable hypothesis would be that the social loafing effect is
A) stronger in Western cultures.
B) stronger in collectivist cultures.
C) unaffected by cultural norms.
D) almost nonexistent in collectivistic cultures.
Q2) A high level of group cohesiveness would be LEAST beneficial to which of the following groups?
A) members of a simple living group who have a monthly potluck
B) members of a military unit carrying out a complicated maneuver
C) members of a political campaign team developing a strategy
D) members of a theatre troupe giving nightly performances
Q3) Complete the following.________: riskier decisions :: group polarization:
A) Risky shift; riskier or more conservative, depending on the group
B) Deindividuation; riskier
C) Evaluation apprehension; always less risky
D) Risky shift; less risky
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Chapter 10: Interpersonal Attraction: From First Impressions to Close Relationships
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198 Verified Questions
198 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An evolutionary perspective takes "the long view." This perspective asserts that how people act today is based on behavior patterns that evolved from our species' past.Explain how the evolutionary concept of reproductive fitness is related to attraction and love in men and women.
Q2) Beatriz is expressive, sociable, and passionate.She is most likely to prefer a friend or romantic partner who is
A) logical.
B) independent.
C) emotional.
D) rational.
Q3) Which of the following types of relationships is most likely to be an exchange relationship in which partners trade resources "in kind"?
A) a casual relationship
B) a close friendship
C) a family relationship
D) a romantic relationship
Q4) Describe some of the criticisms that have been offered against the evolutionary theory of attraction.
Q5) Compare and contrast social exchange theory and operant conditioning.
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Chapter 11: Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help
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171 Verified Questions
171 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to research presented by the authors of your text, in which of the following cities would you be the most likely to be helped if you needed help crossing a busy street?
A) New York City, USA
B) Taipei, Taiwan
C) Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
D) Cairo, Egypt
Q2) A(n) ________ is a group with which individuals identify and of which they feel they are members.
A) peer group
B) out-group
C) reference group
D) in-group
Q3) Receiving help can lower a person's self-esteem when the
A) helper's demonstration of superior skill leads the recipient to feel incompetent.
B) recipient is worried about repaying the favor in the future.
C) helper is of a different gender than the recipient.
D) helper is supportive and concerned.
Q4) Briefly summarize the social exchange perspective of helping behavior.
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Chapter 12: Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People Can
We Prevent It
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199 Verified Questions
199 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) To try and increase a child's ability to take the perspective of others and hence increase his or her empathic concern, one could ask that child to answer questions like
A) "What would each person in your house like best for Christmas?"
B) "Who is the most helpful person you know?"
C) "What benefits do you get when you help other people?"
D) "What is the Golden Rule?"
Q2) Based on the research presented in your text on aggression, what advice would you give to Tim, who just found out he didn't make the baseball team and is angry?
A)Watch a violent movie to help relieve aggressive feelings.
B)Try to relax and restrain urges to be aggressive.
C)Play a violent game of rugby to vent.
D)Go to the gym and hit a punching bag for an hour.
Q3) ________ is to aggression as ________ is to cooperation.
A) Cognitive dissonance; empathy
B) Dehumanization; empathy
C) Rewards; punishment
D) Self-justification; self-affirmation
Q4) Explain the nature of the gender differences in aggression in humans.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Prejudice: Causes Consequences and Cures
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jessica isn't invited to a Super Bowl party her coworkers are throwing because she's a woman.Jessica is experiencing ________ from her coworkers.
A)discrimination
B)prejudice
C)hostile sexism
D)race-based exclusion
Q2) There is debate over whether the Implicit Association Test actually measures implicit prejudice.What is this debate about, and what might the IAT be measuring if not implicit prejudice?
Q3) ________ are generalizations about a group of people in which identical characteristics are ascribed to all members of the group, regardless of within-group variations.
A) Schemas
B) Stereotypes
C) In-group biases
D) Negative stereotypes
Q4) Consider the phrase, "The exception proves the rule." How does this phrase reflect prejudicial attitudes in the face of evidence contrary to one's attitude?
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Chapter 14: Making a Difference With Social Psychology: Attaining a Sustainable Future
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Sample Questions
Q1) Recall that researchers conducted a field experiment in Fairfax County, Virginia, where recycling efforts were instituted.These researchers found that positive attitudes best predicted recycling when residents
A) had to find their own containers for recycling.
B) had first agreed to recycle newspapers.
C) were provided with free recycling containers.
D) were provided with financial incentives for recycling.
Q2) A researcher wants to determine which logo is the most effective at inspiring people to take public transportation.According to your text, what type of research design would best answer this question?
A) computer model
B) correlational
C) experiment
D) naturalistic observation
Q3) Your friend claims to be an animal lover but constantly wears fur and leather.How can you use the techniques designed by Aronson and his students (1992) to change your friend's behavior?
Q4) What is the role of money in determining how happy a person will be?
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Social Psychology and Health
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92 Verified Questions
92 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sora is participating in research similar to the research presented in the text.He has been exposed to the virus that causes the common cold and he has been given six assignments to be completed in the next two days.If his results replicate the previous research findings reported in your text, what will happen to Sora?
A) He will complete the assignments on time and not get sick.
B) He will get sick.
C) He will quit the research.
D) He will be too stressed out to sleep.
Q2) Jared has recently survived a horrific tornado that devastated his town and injured or killed dozens of his friends, family, and neighbors.Based on information from your text, Jared is most likely to
A) become violent and angry.
B) turn to religion as a way to cope with the tragedy.
C) be at an increased risk of having heart problems.
D) seek a stable romantic partner to start a family.
Q3) Given daily and even more major life stressors, explain how people tend to respond.
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Chapter 16: Social Psychology and the Law
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93 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are a social psychologist contacted by a defense attorney who is convinced that her client is innocent of assault.The prosecution's case rests heavily on eyewitness testimony.You have agreed to serve as an expert witness whose task is to educate the jury about the shortcomings of eyewitness testimony.What would you tell the court?
Q2) A defense attorney is choosing jurors.In order to help your client avoid a severe charge, what sort of jury would you select?
A) twelve people who all feel exactly the same way, very little diversity
B) equal numbers of males and females
C) It doesn't matter; the system guarantees a fair trial.
D) at least a couple of jurors who may hold a minority opinion on the case
Q3) You read a story in the news about a man who claims during therapy to have recovered previously repressed memories that he was molested by his teacher as a young boy.The teacher denies the allegations vehemently.Based on information from your text on the recovered memory debate, what should you conclude?
Q4) Describe why false confessions occur.If you knew that someone who was innocent was going to be questioned, what advice would you provide?
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Page 18