Social Inequality Test Preparation
Course Introduction
This course explores the structures, causes, and consequences of social inequality within societies, focusing on dimensions such as class, race, gender, ethnicity, and age. Students will examine theoretical perspectives on social stratification and the roles of institutions, policies, and historical processes in creating and perpetuating inequality. Through the analysis of empirical research and case studies, the course considers how social inequality affects life chances, social mobility, and access to resources, as well as strategies and movements aimed at reducing disparities and promoting social justice.
Recommended Textbook
Investigating Social Problems 2nd Edition by A. Javier Trevino
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17 Chapters
934 Verified Questions
934 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/2147 Page 2
Chapter 1: Sociology and Social Problems
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55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42792
Sample Questions
Q1) Race is not considered a demographic characteristic.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) ______ include patterns of behavior that a large number of people have identified as negatively impacting their well-being and in need of amelioration.
A)Social problems
B)Social institutions
C)Social structures
D)Social constructions
Answer: A
Q3) Because social problems are ______ in nature,large collections of people are required to define them as problems before the need for change is recognized.
A)objective
B)collective
C)overt
D)covert
Answer: B
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3
Chapter 2: Poverty and Class Inequality
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55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Bob believes that there is a difference between the "deserving" and "undeserving" poor and that only the "deserving" poor should receive government assistance.Bob's view best illustrates ______ theory.
A)functionalist
B)social mobility
C)social status
D)labeling
Answer: D
Q2) Karl Marx argued that when we care more about the things we buy than the labor necessary to create these things,we______.
A)fetishize commodities
B)alienate workers
C)engage in dialectical materialism
D)weaken the capitalist system
Answer: A
Q3) Household income has stagnated or declined during the past decade.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Race and Ethnicity
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55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the 2010 U.S.Census,what percentage of Americans are considered non-Hispanic White?
A)25
B)32
C)50
D)62
Answer: D
Q2) To combat internalized racism and media biases,consumers might do which of the following?
A)continue to support the portrayals of people of color in the media
B)reduce public dialogue about race and racism
C)send a message to media executives by exercising their buying power
D)advocate for antiracist educational settings
Answer: C
Q3) There is no difference in the average income of Black and White males once education is taken into account.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Gender
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56 Verified Questions
56 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) ______ argues that the best way to understand gender relations is to see women as an oppressed social class.
A)Accountability
B)Sex roles
C)Ethnomethodology
D)Socialist feminism
Q2) A ______ is any attempt at a comprehensive and universal explanation of some phenomenon.
A)metanarrative
B)perspective
C)theory
D)policy implication
Q3) The World Health Organization estimates that 35% of women worldwide have experienced sexual or intimate partner violence.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Most academics see gender as a social problem for women,but not for men.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What does it mean to say that gender is socially constructed?
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Sexuality
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54 Verified Questions
54 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sexuality-related social problems are ______.
A)socially constructed
B)the culmination of agreed-upon social norms
C)relatively consistent across the globe
D)ethnocentric in nature
Q2) According to the National Center for Transgender Equality,trans people live with HIV at almost three times the overall U.S.rate.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Black feminist theory typically encompasses ______.
A)women's perspectives on sexuality
B)the perspective of women of color only
C)multiple perspectives
D)very narrow perspectives
Q4) People diagnosed with a sexual dysfunction might experience all of the following EXCEPT ______.
A)absence of sexual desire
B)limited or delayed sexual arousal
C)experience sexual arousal while cross-dressing
D)arousal through sexual sadism and sexual masochism
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Aging
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the United States,life expectancy at birth has increased from approximately ______ years at the beginning of the 20th century to ______ years at the end of the century.
A)47;79
B)30;65
C)59;84
D)50;60
Q2) ______ is the number of children under 16 and older persons 65+ for every 100 people aged 16-64.
A)Aging
B)Sex ratio
C)Life expectancy
D)Total dependency ratio
Q3) A person 60 years of age or older is considered "old."
A)True
B)False
Q4) Approximately 20% of older citizens rely on Social Security as their primary source of income.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Education
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54 Verified Questions
54 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Theories that best explain cultural,racial,family,and social class differences in education are considered ______ theories.
A)conflict
B)feminist
C)symbolic interactionist
D)cultural differences
Q2) According to Basil Bernstein,what is the difference between the communication codes of working- and middle-class children? Give an example to support your answer.How do differences in codes affect children's performance in school?
Q3) The Supreme Court's 1973 decision ______ declared there is no constitutional right under the Fourteenth Amendment to an equal education.
A)Roe v.Wade
B)Brown v.Board of Education
C)Abbott v.Burke
D)Rodriguez v.San Antonio
Q4) In 1973,the U.S.Supreme Court declared in Rodriguez v.San Antonio that there is no constitutional right to an equal education under the Fourteenth Amendment.Briefly explain how this decision affected school financing.
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Media
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55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is characteristically invoked in a culturally resonant theme?
A)widely held beliefs
B)sponsors' perspectives
C)divisive rhetoric
D)claims makers' interpretations
Q2) How does the media support moral entrepreneurs?
A)by balancing their reporting equally across social problems
B)by providing a platform for publicizing claims makers' interpretations of social problems
C)by ensuring well-informed public debate on the most critical issues
D)by prioritizing the most severe and prevalent social problems
Q3) A high level of exposure to on-screen smoking in movies is associated with more positive beliefs about tobacco and higher rates of smoking.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is a moral entrepreneur? Describe the general relationship between moral entrepreneurs,the claims making process,and the media.Then use a specific example to illustrate your answer.
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Chapter 9: Family
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Sample Questions
Q1) Globally,Mongolia has the highest marriage rate.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The older a woman is,the less likely she is to find a potential husband.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What is a marriage squeeze? What are four factors that contribute to a marriage squeeze?
Q4) Under which president was the $300 million Faith-Based and Community Initiative introduced?
A)Bill Clinton
B)Barack Obama
C)John F.Kennedy
D)George W.Bush
Q5) The ______ refers to the number of divorces per 1,000 people.
A)divorce squeeze
B)divorce gradient
C)crude divorce rate
D)divorce index
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Chapter 10: Work and the Economy
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55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Including people employed in the shadow economy in official statistics would not have a significant effect on the unemployment rate.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A main difference between a salary and a wage is that ______.
A)salaries are paid monthly,and wages are paid weekly
B)wages are paid weekly,and salaries are paid monthly
C)salaries are directly tied to the number of hours worked,and wages are not
D)wages are directly tied to the number of hours worked,and salaries are not
Q3) The ______ sector is the largest sector of the U.S.labor force.
A)primary
B)secondary
C)service
D)manufacturing
Q4) Civil rights laws forbid dismissals based on race,color,gender,creed,age,or national origin.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Crime
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55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) ______ is best described as punishment for punishment's sake.
A)Rehabilitation
B)General deterrence
C)Retribution
D)Incapacitation
Q2) ______allows a convicted individual to stay in the community under certain conditions such as supervision,counseling,maintaining a drug-free status,and a clean record.
A)Probation
B)General deterrence
C)Recidivism
D)Incapacitation
Q3) Among violent crimes,______ declined by the largest amount between 1995 and 2014.
A)murder
B)rape
C)robbery
D)motor vehicle theft
Q4) What is deterrence? Discuss the difference between the two primary types of deterrence and provide examples of each.
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Chapter 12: Drugs
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Sample Questions
Q1) The use of psychoactive substances in a way that creates social,psychological,or physical problems for the user is known as ______.
A)drug abuse
B)drug addiction
C)drug use
D)maturing out
Q2) Explain social learning theory.Describe how this theory can be used to understand drug use and drug rehabilitation.
Q3) During 2014,an estimated ______ million people in the United States had a substance dependence problem in the preceding year.
A)21
B)19
C)30
D)41
Q4) In the United States,illegal drug use peaks during the ages of 26-34.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain social disorganization theory and how it affects the social environment.
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Chapter 13: Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss Talcott Parsons's perspective on the shared set of expectations between the patient and the doctor.Be sure to discuss the "sick role" and the four dimensions of the sick role.
Q2) Talcott Parsons's theory of "the sick role" is most closely associated with ______.
A)structural functionalism
B)conflict theory
C)symbolic interaction theory
D)deviance theory
Q3) The consistent finding that inequality and health are related,with those at the top of the social system being healthier,is known as ______.
A)relative depravation
B)symbolic decline
C)social gradient of health
D)increased strain
Q4) Discuss the relationship between gender and diagnosis of illness.Describe three factors that help explain differences in diagnosis rates between men and women.
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Chapter 14: The Environment
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55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) ______ emphasizes the ways in which conflicts between groups of people are increasingly tied to the groups' different perceptions of hazard.
A)Ecological dialogue
B)Risk society
C)Virtual environmentalist
D)Cognitive dissonant
Q2) In which theory are social experiences and environmental experiences intertwined?
A)socialization and environmental theories
B)risk theory
C)conflict theory
D)ecological theory
E)functional theory
Q3) ______ is a focal point for social scientists interested in environmental problems.
A)Social policy
B)Social organization
C)Social mores
D)Social equity
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Chapter 15: Science and Technology
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Sample Questions
Q1) The majority of hackers worldwide are based in China.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A ______ is a new social order composed of humans and technology that is dominated by technological needs.
A)transformer
B)technosocial object
C)robotic society
D)megamachine
Q3) A ______ approach studies aspects of social problems that are contested within the scientific culture.
A)structural functionalist
B)conflict theory
C)symbolic interactionist
D)social constructionist
Q4) Compare and contrast the social construction of science and the social construction of technology.Be sure to include social facts and interpretive flexibility in your response.
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Page 17
Chapter 16: War and Terrorism
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Sample Questions
Q1) About ______% of people who died in World War I were noncombatants.
A)1
B)10
C)21
D)35
Q2) ______ occurs when individuals act badly because they believe in well-established procedures that determine how to behave.
A)Routinization
B)Military ideology
C)Indoctrination
D)Routine authorization
Q3) In globalized intrastate wars,organized violence is less ______ and more ______.
A)violent;peaceful
B)peaceful;violent
C)political;economic
D)economic;political
Q4) During World War II,U.S.military spending accounted for 40% of the gross domestic product.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 17: Urbanization
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following are true of a gesellschaft EXCEPT ______.
A)relationships are primarily associational and based on calculating,economic exchanges
B)relationships are intimate and enduring,and interactions are guided by a mutual interest in the common good of the village
C)residents do not all share language,religion,and traditions
D)behavior and interaction are governed by external forces like the evolving criminal justice system
Q2) In the United States,more than 75% of the population resides in cities.
A)True
B)False
Q3) ______created the concentric-zone model,which showed how patterns of land use reflected successive phases of invasion and occupation.
A)Roderick D.McKenzie
B)Ernest W.Burgess
C)Amos H.Hawley
D)Homer Hoyt
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