Course Introduction
Social Cognition Exam Bank
Social Cognition explores how individuals perceive, interpret, and respond to the social world around them. This course examines the mental processes underlying social interactions, including perception, memory, judgment, and decision-making as they pertain to understanding other people and oneself. Topics include attribution theory, attitudes and persuasion, stereotyping and prejudice, impression formation, and the role of culture in shaping social thought. Students will engage with contemporary research, apply theories to real-world contexts, and develop a deeper understanding of how social knowledge influences behavior and relationships.
Recommended Textbook
Social Psychology 6th Canadian Edition by Aronson
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15 Chapters
1953 Verified Questions
1953 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Social Psychology
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134 Verified Questions
134 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The task of the psychologist is to
A) explore the unconscious.
B) understand and predict behaviour.
C) explain physiological functioning.
D) understand the impact of economic factors.
E) predict future events.
Answer: B
Q2) Compared to social psychologists,journalists,politicians,and our grandmothers are more likely to rely on ________ to explain social influence.
A) public opinion polls
B) empirical data
C) religious beliefs
D) idle speculation
E) common sense
Answer: E
Q3) What is the goal of social psychologists who are concerned with social problems?
Answer: Their goal is to apply social-psychological theories,concepts,and research findings to understand and solve destructive real-world problems such as the AIDS epidemic,energy waste,and the relation between television violence and human aggression.
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Chapter 2: Methodology
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170 Verified Questions
170 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to information from the registrar's office,Lee has discovered that people who achieve higher grades in their last year of high school tend to have higher GPAs in their first year of university.Lee has used a(n)________ research method.
A) observational
B) field study
C) correlational
D) experimental
E) participant observation
Answer: C
Q2) A major difference between a field experiment and a laboratory experiment is that
A) Mundane realism is higher in a field experiment.
B) The levels of the independent variable cannot be controlled by the experimenter.
C) The results on the dependent variable are less predictable due to the variable behaviours of participants in a real-life setting.
D) Participants are unaware of their involvement in a psychology experiment.
E) Psychological realism is lower in a field experiment.
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Social Cognition
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127 Verified Questions
127 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a controlled experiment,Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968)informed grade school teachers that some of their students (called "bloomers")would show great academic improvement in the upcoming year.In reality,the "bloomers" were chosen randomly by the researchers,and were no smarter than any of the other students.Which of the following best describes the results of this study? At the end of the year,
A) both bloomers and non-bloomers improved more on IQ tests than was expected.
B) there were no IQ differences between bloomers and non-bloomers, but the bloomers were more interested in school.
C) non-bloomers improved more on an IQ test than did bloomers.
D) bloomers and non-bloomers performed equally well on an IQ test.
E) bloomers improved more on an IQ test than did non-bloomers.
Answer: E
Q2) Among the features of an analytic thinking style is
A) a focus on objects.
B) a focus on context.
C) concern with the relationship between objects.
D) greater cortical activity when paying attention to objects.
E) efficient information searching strategies.
Answer: A
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Social Perception
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139 Verified Questions
139 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Kelley's covariation model,when consistency is low,people make A) situational attributions.
B) external attributions as long as consensus is high.
C) internal attributions as long as distinctiveness is low.
D) personal attributions as long as distinctiveness is low.
E) internal attributions.
Q2) After watching a television report about people who pay too much for their cars when they are subjected to "high pressure" sales tactics,you conclude that those people are particularly weak and gullible.According to the text,your conclusion is an example of all of the following EXCEPT
A) the correspondence bias.
B) a dispositional attribution.
C) an internal attribution.
D) a situational attribution.
E) the fundamental attribution error.
Q3) How have researchers collected evidence that there are six major human emotions conveyed via facial expressions?
Q4) Why is the correspondence bias also called the fundamental attribution error and why does it occur?
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Chapter 5: The Self Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When Linda was a child,her friends at school all earned a lot of money if their grades were good.Linda went to her parents and asked that she be given money for good report cards.Her parents agreed.She would earn a nickel for every "A" and a dollar if she earned "all A's." Her friends,of course,were offered much more money for good grades.Using self-perception theory and the overjustification effect,explain why Linda's parents might have offered her such meager monetary rewards for academic success.
Q2) The text concludes that,in terms of self-awareness,East Asians have a(n)________ perspective whereas Westerners have a(n)________ perspective.
A) positive; negative
B) outsider; insider
C) submissive; dominant
D) concrete; abstract
E) absolute; relative
Q3) Many social psychologists assert that much of our sense of self arises from our interactions with our observations of others-in effect,the self is social.How does Leon Festinger's social comparison theory fit this conceptualization of self?
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Attitudes and Attitude Change
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172 Verified Questions
172 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hosking and colleagues (2009)examined cultural differences in predictors of behavioural intentions to quit smoking.The factor that was more predictive of Westerners' intentions than Southeast Asians' intentions was
A) personal attitudes towards smoking.
B) social norms about smoking.
C) perceived control.
D) internal affect.
E) cultural attitudes towards self-improvement.
Q2) _______ is the process of making people resistant or immune to attempts to change their attitudes by exposing them to small doses of arguments against their position.
A) Counter-attitudinal priming
B) Subliminal priming
C) Attitude inoculation
D) Psychological reactance
E) Preemptive exposure
Q3) Dissonance theorists might assert that just as we suffer for the things we like,we also convince ourselves that we like the things for which we suffer.Use concepts related to the justification of effort to explain this statement.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Conformity
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162 Verified Questions
162 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the results of Janes and Olson's (2000)study on the effects of rejection on peer conformity,who would be the most likely to comply with a peer group directive to engage in illegal behaviour?
A) Sean, who is the group leader and wants the others to go along with the suggestion B) Adam, who has a new girlfriend and is anxious to spend time with her
C) John, who is hanging out with the group for the first time
D) William, who is also a member of a separate peer group that does not engage in illegal behaviour
E) Sam, who just observed another group member being ridiculed by the group leaders
Q2) North American culture stresses the importance of being independent,thinking for yourself,and standing up for yourself.This suggests that North American attitudes toward conformity are
A) generally positive.
B) personality dependent.
C) interdependent.
D) situation-specific.
E) generally negative.
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Chapter 8: Group Processes
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156 Verified Questions
156 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Morton Deutsch and Robert Krauss (1960,1962)found that cooperation between adversaries is most likely to occur when
A) only one side has the power to make threats.
B) neither side is able to make a threat.
C) both sides can communicate and only one side can make a threat
D) both sides are able to make threats.
E) communication is required.
Q2) In groups,interdependence is reflected in A) working towards a common goal.
B) communicating with one another.
C) influencing and being influenced.
D) group conflict.
E) finding alternatives to conflict.
Q3) Compare the great person theory of leadership with Fred Fiedler's (1967,1978)contingency theory of leadership.With which theory would a social psychologist be most likely to agree?
Q4) Social facilitation and social loafing are two very different phenomena that occur in the presence of other people.When does each occur,and what determines whether performance is enhanced or diminished?
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Chapter 9: Interpersonal Attraction
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to research conducted by Robin Akert (1995),_______ would suffer the most after the dissolution of his or her romantic relationship.
A) someone who had never been in a relationship before
B) someone for whom the decision was mutual
C) someone who was dumped
D) someone who tried to "stay friends"
E) someone who dumped his or her partner
Q2) Erich Fromm (1955)wrote,"Love is often nothing but a favourable exchange between two people who get the most of what they can expect,considering their value on the personality market." Although a bit cynical,this description of friendship is most compatible with the _______ theory of attraction.
A) social exchange
B) equity
C) comparison level
D) propinquity
E) balance
Q3) According to Ellen Berscheid and Elaine Walster (Hatfield)(1974),how is companionate love different from passionate love?
Q4) In what sense is the concept of romantic love gender-specific?
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Chapter 10: Prosocial Behaviour
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the urban overload hypothesis,people in cities should be less likely to help than people in small towns because
A) people living in cities tend to be less empathetic.
B) people in small towns have grown up with more trusting attitudes.
C) people who live in cities are more likely to experience diffusion of responsibility.
D) people in small towns tend to be more religious.
E) people living in cities tend to keep to themselves.
Q2) Whereas _______ is any act performed to benefit another,_______ is such an act performed with no regard for one's safety or interests.
A) altruism; self-sacrifice
B) prosocial behaviour; altruism
C) altruism; prosocial behaviour
D) self-sacrifice; altruism
E) prosocial behaviour; self-sacrifice
Q3) Social psychologists have found that people in good moods are likely to help,as are people in bad moods.Explain how the reasons for the help differs depending on the mood.
Q4) Do men and women differ in their tendency to help? If so,how?
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Aggression
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Sample Questions
Q1) Robert Baron (1976)conducted a field experiment to study drivers' responses to a car that hesitated when a stoplight turned green.He found that when a confederate hobbled across the street on crutches in front of the lead car in the intersection,fewer drivers behind the lead car honked their horns.According to Baron,why was that?
A) Drivers at the rear were distracted by the sight of a person on crutches.
B) Drivers at the rear were afraid honking their horns might frighten the person on crutches.
C) Drivers at the rear felt empathy for the confederate, which inhibited their aggression.
D) Drivers at the rear forgot all about their own troubles.
E) Drivers at the rear were given a dispositional attribution for the lead driver's hesitation.
Q2) One determinant of whether we will respond aggressively when provoked is whether
A) provocation was relational or instrumental.
B) the offending party is older or younger than us.
C) the provocation was physical or psychological.
D) provocation takes the form of a threat.
E) we perceive the provocation as intentional.
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Chapter 12: Prejudice
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116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In what ways do self-fulfilling prophecies contribute to prejudice and negative stereotypes?
Q2) Prejudice may be maintained by _______ normative rules. A) breaking B) the rejection of C) the avoidance of D) ignorance of E) conformity to
Q3) Describe the jigsaw classroom technique and how it fosters cooperation and interdependence in the cooperative classroom.
Q4) Shane believes that women are more dependent,more nurturing,more intuitive,and less rational than men.These are examples of Shane's _______ women. A) stereotypes about B) negative affect toward C) negative behaviour toward D) prejudice toward E) discrimination against
Q5) What are meta-stereotypes and in what ways to they serve to limit our interactions with other ethnic groups?
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Chapter 13: Social Psychology in Action 1
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59 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Robert Cialdini and his colleagues (1990)argue that in general,_______ norms are more effective than _______ norms in reducing litter.
A) injunctive; descriptive
B) subtle; salient
C) salient; subtle
D) conjunctive; subtle
E) descriptive; injunctive
Q2) Research by Van Vugt and Samuelson (1999),in which water meters were installed in houses in one community,but not in another,suggests that when people can monitor their own use of a scarce common resource,they may use less of that resource because
A) using less helps them save money.
B) they become concerned for the collective good.
C) people become competitive and vie to use less.
D) they feel as if 'big brother' in the form of the utility company is watching them.
E) using less stops them feeling guilty all the time.
Q3) Provide an example of a social dilemma as it relates to the environment.
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Social Psychology in Action 2
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Sample Questions
Q1) What does the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (Holmes & Rahe,1967)measure?
A) career satisfaction
B) stress
C) mental health
D) life changes
E) social support
Q2) _______ refers to the belief in one's ability to carry out specific actions that produce positive outcomes.
A) Global attribution
B) Self-esteem
C) Perceived control
D) Self-efficacy
E) Control maintenance
Q3) According to your text,health problems due to unsafe sex,drinking,and smoking are prevalent because they are
A) addictive.
B) pleasurable.
C) difficult to avoid.
D) subject to social pressure.
E) genetic.
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Chapter 15: Social Psychology in Action 3
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Sample Questions
Q1) What should police officers do to prevent false identifications during lineups?
A) Use foils with a wide range of physical characteristics.
B) Show all potential perpetrators twice.
C) Show all the potential perpetrators at once.
D) Decrease witness's stress levels by only showing them mug shots.
E) Tell witnesses that the lineup may not include the suspect.
Q2) Rod Lindsay and his colleagues (1981)staged a calculator theft witnessed by students.In one experimental condition,it was relatively easy to identify the perpetrator; in another condition,it was only moderately easy to identify the perpetrator; in a third condition,it was very difficult to correctly identify the thief.When student witnesses were asked to pick the suspect out of a photo lineup,
A) there was a discrepancy between witnesses' confidence and their accuracy.
B) eyewitness accuracy was generally poor and unaffected by viewing conditions.
C) confident witnesses were more accurate than those who weren't confident.
D) eyewitness accuracy remained relatively accurate across all conditions.
E) their accuracy increased as the viewing conditions improved.
Q3) How do jurors make sense of the large amount of information presented during the trial? What are the implications for how jurors process information for legal strategy?
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