Social Change and Modern Society
Final Test Solutions
Course Introduction
This course explores the dynamic relationship between social change and the development of modern society. Students will examine the key theories, drivers, and consequences of social change, including industrialization, urbanization, globalization, technological innovation, and shifts in cultural norms. Through case studies and critical analysis, the course investigates how institutions, social movements, and individual actors contribute to the transformation of social structures and everyday life. The course also addresses contemporary challenges such as inequality, changing family dynamics, and environmental sustainability, equipping students with the analytical tools to understand and engage with the ongoing evolution of society.
Recommended Textbook
Social Problems 14th Edition by William Kornblum
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15 Chapters
1142 Verified Questions
1142 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/3860 Page 2
Chapter 1: Sociological Perspective on Social Problems
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76 Verified Questions
76 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are interested in understanding the processes through which persons become confirmed in a deviant identity.Which basic approach to social problems would you use? Why?
Answer: I would use the sociological approach to understanding social problems. This approach focuses on examining the social structures and institutions that contribute to the development of deviant identities. By using this approach, I can examine how factors such as poverty, inequality, and socialization processes contribute to individuals becoming confirmed in a deviant identity. Additionally, the sociological approach allows for the consideration of broader social factors that may influence deviant behavior, rather than solely focusing on individual characteristics. This approach also emphasizes the importance of understanding the societal context in which deviant identities develop, which can provide valuable insights for developing effective interventions and solutions to address this social problem.
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3
Chapter 2: Problems of Health and Healthcare
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77 Verified Questions
77 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Medical sociologists often point out that the institutions of American health care are the source of many health-care problems,largely because the health-care system DID NOT develop __________.
A)in such a way that doctors maintain private practices,society supports hospitals,and insurance allows these two to function.
B)in such a way that doctors were able to develop narrow specialties and refer patients to hospitals with special facilities.
C)in such a way that it became either a purely competitive industry,or a regulated public service.
D)as a result of none of the above.
Answer: C
Q2) Until the mid-1980s,hospital costs rose at a dramatic pace,primarily because
A)of socialized medicine
B)hospitals had fewer reasons to keep costs down
C)of a lack of medical cost attainment
D)of capitalism
E)of Medicare
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Problems of Mental Illness and Treatment
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82 Verified Questions
82 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) It is said that the mentally ill suffer twice.This means that the people affected suffer both __________.
A)mentally and physically
B)mentally and financially
C)illness and rejection
D)now and later
E)psychologically and physiologically
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
A)flashbacks
B)nightmares
C)schizophrenia
D)feelings of detachment
E)sleeplessness
Answer: C
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5
Chapter 4: Alcohol and Other Drugs
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81 Verified Questions
81 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) __________ is/are most frequently associated with various kinds of criminal behavior.
A)Heroin and crack
B)Amphetamines
C)Marijuana
D)Alcohol
E)Barbiturates
Q2) Alcohol use has become thoroughly integrated into Western culture.Describe the ways that alcohol is incorporated into social and economic life.What problems are created by alcohol abuse?
Q3) Lloyd D.Johnston is one of the key researchers in the University of Michigan drug studies.Johnston and other drug researchers have noted that there is a/an __________ relationship between teenagers' disapproval of drugs and their use of drugs like marijuana.
A)linear
B)inverse (negative)
C)positive
D)curvilinear (intergenerational)
E)skewed
Q4) Describe the basic differences between problem drinking and alcoholism.
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Chapter 5: Crime and Violence
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93 Verified Questions
93 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The concept of crime and delinquency prevention involves __________.
A)the sum total of all influences and activities that contribute to the development of a nondeviant personality
B)attempts to deal with conditions in a person's environment that are believed to lead to crime and delinquency
C)specific services or programs designed to prevent further crime and delinquency
D)All of the above
E)None of the above
Q2) According to the text,the nature of the __________ itself is a major hindrance to rehabilitative efforts.
A)criminal law
B)prison system
C)legal system
D)parole system
E)probation system
Q3) Contrast the functionalist,conflict,and interactionist approaches to explaining crime.Select one specific theory within one of these and describe it in some detail.
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Chapter 6: Poverty and Affluence
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81 Verified Questions
81 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT one of the myths mentioned in the text about the poor?
A)Half of the poor are not in the working ages.
B)Welfare programs for the poor are straining the federal budget.
C)The majority of the poor live in inner-city neighborhoods.
D)The poor live off government welfare.
E)Antipoverty programs are designed to reduce poverty.
Q2) Blacks and the members of other minority groups in the United States have lower income than do whites because minority groups __________.
A)are forced to pay higher rents
B)have less education than whites
C)are discriminated against in housing,education,and health care
D)All of the above
Q3) Which of the following is NOT an income-in-kind program?
A)veterans' compensation
B)public housing
C)Medicare
D)food stamps
E)urban renewal
Q4) Why is immigration associated with poverty?
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Chapter 7: Racism, Prejudice, and Discrimination
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91 Verified Questions
91 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is institutional discrimination? How does it work and in what ways are people affected by it?
Q2) According to The Sentencing Project,an estimated ___ million Americans adults have currently or permanently lost the ability to vote because of a felony conviction. A).9
B)1.9
C)2.9
D)3.9
E)over 10
Q3) The principal weapons in the protection of dominant group privilege are
A)prejudice and discrimination
B)economic boycotts
C)beliefs and values
D)attitudes and inaction
E)political supplication and economic retaliation
Q4) There are social,structural,and cultural approaches to explaining prejudice and discrimination.Describe each,including in your discussion the important concepts that are part of these approaches.
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Chapter 8: Gender and Sexuality
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) __________ expresses the idea that the pay levels of certain jobs should be adjusted so that they reflect the intrinsic value of the job.
A)Income equality
B)Pay-rate equity
C)Salary equalization
D)Compensation balance
E)Comparable worth
Q2) The women's movement in the United States was officially founded in
A)1748
B)1848
C)1948
D)1958
E)1972
Q3) White males hold about __________ percent of the top management jobs in major corporations.
A)55
B)65
C)75
D)85
E)95
Page 10
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Chapter 9: An Aging Society
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) To be black,female,and old in American society places an individual in what the text calls a state of multiple __________.
A)dependency
B)jeopardy
C)choice
D)ethnicity
E)characteristics
Q2) A major motivation for companies to retire employees is __________.
A)lower labor costs by replacing them with lower-paid younger workers
B)to reduce the amount of taxes they pay
C)they don't have to pay Social Security on younger workers
D)to give younger workers a chance to live out the American dream since retirement-age workers have largely failed
E)because the facts show that retirement-age workers are less productive and absent more frequently because of illness
Q3) It has been charged that the mass media,especially television,reinforces ageism with their depictions of the elderly.Provide some examples of this.Then,give some examples where television content portrays the elderly as alert,competent,and productive.
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Page 11
Chapter 10: The Changing Family
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81 Verified Questions
81 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) More and more families in the United States today have "dual earners." Why is this so? What effects has this had on marital unhappiness and divorce?
Q2) In their study of the effects of divorce on children,Wallerstein and Blakeslee determined that __________.
A)some of the children were better off than they would have been in an unhappy,intact family
B)for most children,divorce had very serious consequences
C)many divorced parents are unable to meet the challenges of parenting and instead depend on the children to help them cope with their own problems
D)All of the above
E)None of the above
Q3) List and describe the basic social problems related to family life.
Q4) In the United States,teenage birth rates have __________.
A)increased by 60 percent
B)fallen by more than two-fifths in the past 15 years
C)increased by 25 percent
D)increased,but then stabilized
E)remained the same
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Problems of Education
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67 Verified Questions
67 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compare and contrast the basic sociological approaches on educational problems.Give specific examples.
Q2) Which of the following statements about disparities in classroom size in the United States is TRUE?
A)Suburban schools average about 19 students per classroom in the early high school years;inner city schools average about 30 students per classroom.
B)Suburban schools and inner city schools average about 30 students per classroom in elementary school years.
C)Suburban and elementary schools average about 20 students per classrooms in elementary and high school years.
D)Suburban schools average about 5 students per classroom in early high school years;inner city schools average about 20 students per classroom.
E)None of the above.
Q3) Considering the American emphasis on education,why is our educational institution under such intense criticism today? Trace these criticisms.Are they valid? Why or why not?
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Chapter 12: Problems of Work and the Economy
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71 Verified Questions
71 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The shrinking marketplace,conglomerates,multinational corporations,globalization,and the global factory are all terms describing important parts of the world economy.Define these terms and describe how they affect how business is conducted.
Q2) In 1960,at the height of union influence in the United States,about 27 percent of employees in the private sector were members of trade unions.Today,about __________ percent are union members.
A)9
B)15
C)21
D)35
E)40
Q3) What are conglomerates and multinational corporations? Give some specific examples.How do they change the ways in which business are transacted?
Q4) What is automation? What are its major areas? What impacts will it have on the structure of work in the future?
Q5) What are the major problem aspects of work? How do they affect other aspects of social life?
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Chapter 13: Population and Immigration
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64 Verified Questions
64 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Margaret Sanger is best known for __________.
A)her contribution to pollution control
B)her contribution to birth control and family planning
C)her book,warning us against the ecological dangers of pesticides
D)her work with handicapped children
E)founding the anti-nuclear movement
Q2) By the year 2035,it is estimated that __________ percent of U.S.adults will be retired and the taxes paid by employed legal immigrants becomes extremely important.
A)5
B)10
C)15
D)20
E)40
Q3) What are undocumented immigrants? Give examples.
Q4) Suppose those in control of government decide that the population growth of their nation is too rapid.What policy options do they have in limiting population growth? What are the obstacles involved?
Q5) Explain the phenomenon of chain migration.Give examples to support your answer.
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Chapter 14: Technology and the Environment
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The United States currently produces about __________ percent of its electricity in nuclear power plants.
A)5
B)10
C)15
D)20
E)50
Q2) Another name for photochemical soup is __________.
A)cloud
B)acidity
C)photosynthesis
D)the atmosphere
E)smog
Q3) __________ is defined as the totality of means employed by a people to provide themselves with the objects of material culture.
A)Technology
B)Science
C)Business
D)Technique
E)Acculturation
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Chapter 15: War and Global Insecurity
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are the major alternatives to the arms race? Which are more likely to be seen? Which would be more effective in bringing peace? Why?
Q2) The Natural Resource Defense Council reported that the 192 missile warheads on one U.S.Trident submarine could cause more that __________ million casualties if programmed to hit major urban areas of a nation.
A)40
B)50
C)70
D)160
E)400
Q3) Which of the following political leaders best exemplify state terrorism?
A)Bill Clinton and Margaret Thatcher
B)Anastasio Somoza and Fulgencio Batista
C)Adolf Hitler and Josef Stalin
D)Genghis Khan and Napoleon Bonaparte
E)F.D.Roosevelt and Winston Churchill
Q4) Define and discuss terrorism.What forms of terrorism can be identified? How can they best be countered or controlled?
Q5) What are the direct and indirect effects of war? How will nuclear war differ?
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