Social Change and Development Exam Practice Tests
Course Introduction
This course explores the dynamic relationship between social change and development, examining how societies transform over time through economic, political, cultural, and technological processes. Students will analyze key theories and case studies that illustrate the driving forces behind social change, including globalization, modernization, social movements, and policy interventions. Emphasis is placed on understanding the impacts of development initiatives on different populations, the role of institutions in shaping outcomes, and the challenges of achieving equitable and sustainable development. Through critical discussions and practical examples, learners will gain insights into the complexities of fostering positive social transformation in both local and global contexts.
Recommended Textbook
Sociology Your Compass for a New World 5th Canadian Edition by Robert J. Brym
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3272 Verified Questions
3272 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: A Sociological Compass
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142 Verified Questions
142 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which important characteristic do symbolic interactionism and queer theory have in common?
A)They focus on macrosocial structures.
B)They sometimes validate unusual and unpopular viewpoints.
C)They consider Verstehen irrelevant to sociological explanation.
D)They consider patriarchy more important than class inequality.
Answer: B
Q2) The idea that patterns of gender inequality can and should be changed for the benefit of all members of society is one of the main features of feminist theory.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Which of the following influential symbolic interactionists is known for "dramaturgical approach" to everyday social interaction?
A)Talcott Parsons
B)George Herbert Mead
C)Michel Foucault
D)Erving Goffman
Answer: D
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Page 3
Chapter 2: How Sociologists Do Research
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160 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Variable is to a concept as hypothesis is to an observation.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) If the association between two variables is accidental and not causal, what do we call the relationship between the two variables?
A)a connected relationship
B)an independent relationship
C)a dependent relationship
D)a spurious relationship
Answer: D
Q3) A researcher decides to measure happiness by the number of times a person smiles each hour.Which statement best describes the relationship between happiness and smiling?
A)Both happiness and smiling are variables.
B)Both happiness and smiling are concepts.
C)Happiness is a concept and smiling a variable.
D)Happiness is a variable and smiling is a concept.
Answer: C
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) Language influences people's experiences and the ways they see the world.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Which of the following is a criticism of multiculturalism discussed in the textbook?
A)Multicultural education harms minority students by overlooking core subjects.
B)Multiculturalism discourages the equal valuation of different cultures.
C)Multicultural education controls interethnic and interracial conflict poorly.
D)Multiculturalism discourages pluralism.
Answer: A
Q3) How does culture relate to concrete experience?
A)It gives it sequence.
B)It gives it meaning.
C)It gives it substance.
D)It gives it appeal.
Answer: B
Q4) What is culture?
Answer: Responses will vary
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Chapter 4: Socialization
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Sample Questions
Q1) When does the process of socialization begin?
A)soon after birth
B)at one year of age
C)at six years of age
D)at twelve years of age
Q2) According to the textbook, the idea of childhood as a distinct stage of life emerged only in the late twentieth century in societies that required better-educated adults and in which life expectancy rose.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The Group of Seven, who introduced a new style into early twentieth-century Canadian painting, exemplify a generation rather than an age cohort.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following Canadians is likely to watch the most television?
A)Marilyn from Edmonton, Alberta
B)Jeff from Victoria, British Columbia
C)Betty from Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island
D)Wesley from Iqaluit, Nunavut
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Chapter 5: Social Interaction
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158 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Matthew decides to try an experiment to see how people react when he walks beside them, slowing his pace when they do and speeding up when they do.What is likely to be a common reaction to Matthew's experiment?
A)The person he is walking beside will give him strange looks and ask him what he is doing.
B)The person will not even notice what Matthew is doing.
C)The person he is walking beside will begin to mimic his behaviour.
D)The person will stop walking altogether, then turn and walk in the opposite direction.
Q2) According to the text, how do low life expectancy and high infant mortality impact people's emotions?
A)People invest more emotionally in their babies because they are more likely to live.
B)People invest less emotionally in their babies because they are more likely to live.
C)People invest more emotionally in their babies because they are more likely to die.
D)People invest less emotionally in their babies because they are more likely to die.
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Chapter 6: Networks, Groups, Bureaucracies, and Societies
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sixty-five percent of the research participants in Milgram's study believed they administered maximum (dangerous) levels of electric shock to a stranger.Which of the following groups of participants did the 65 percent form?
A)people who were in the same room as a victim whom they could see and hear
B)people who were in a different room from a victim whom they could see and hear
C)people who were in a different room from a victim whom they could see but not hear
D)people who were in a different room from a victim whom they could neither see nor hear
Q2) Steve is asked by his best friend to beat up a boy at their school whom Steve actually likes.According to the textbook, why would Steve do what his best friend asks?
A)because Steve is a rebel and thinks that beating people up for fun is "cool"
B)because Steve looks for any chance he can get to demonstrate his masculinity
C)because Steve's best friend has authority over him so he will conform
D)because Steve's loyalty to his best friend outweighs any reservations against an immoral act
Q3) What is groupthink and how does it work?
Q4) Define the most important types of societies in human history.
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Chapter 7: Deviance and Crime
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Sample Questions
Q1) From the sociological standpoint, what is interesting about the moral panic about crime occurring in Canada in recent years?
A)Most criminals do not prey on people randomly.
B)Criminals are becoming increasingly selective about who their targets will be.
C)The overall crime rate has been decreasing.
D)Violent crimes have been increasing while property crimes have been decreasing.
Q2) Conrad Black, a Canadian media mogul, was sentenced in 2007 to 6.5 years in a Florida prison for fraud totalling $2.9 million in misappropriated funds.Of what type of crime was he found guilty?
A)a victimless crime
B)a white-collar crime
C)an elite crime
D)an office crime
Q3) Need is to street crime as greed is to which of the following?
A)white-collar crime
B)breaking and entering
C)drug trafficking
D)property crime
Q4) What function does a criminal subculture fulfil for its members?
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Chapter 8: Social Stratification
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Sample Questions
Q1) Is power or authority more effective in maintaining a stable society?
Q2) Ms.Collins owns a large boat sail manufacturing plant and employs 89 people, while she spends time mountaineering with friends.Which of the following terms characterizes Ms.Collins's 89 workers?
A)lumpen-proletariat
B)proletariat
C)petite-bourgeoisie
D)bourgeoisie
Q3) How do social policies affect poverty in Canada?
Q4) Karim's parents are high-school teachers.He has just finished university, but is only able to find a job in the customer service centre of an insurance company.What is Karim experiencing?
A)horizontal mobility
B)cyclical mobility
C)intergenerational mobility
D)intragenerational mobility
Q5) Is the belief that some people are "trapped in poverty" true?
Q6) Using examples, explain the differences between power and authority.
Q7) Discuss the ways that human, social, and cultural capital influence societal rewards.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Globalization, Inequality, and Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a class discussion about the homogenizing effects of globalization, Freja points out that even in multinational chain stores and restaurants there are locally influenced differences in products and services.What concept is she supporting?
A)McDonaldization
B)glocalization
C)imperialism
D)regionalization
Q2) How has geopolitical position influenced economic growth in former colonies?
Q3) Dependency theory focuses on internal characteristics of underdeveloped countries.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Explain why some former colonies have developed economically while others have not.
Q5) How does imperialism differ from colonialism?
A)It is based on political domination.
B)It is based on economic domination.
C)It is based on technological domination.
D)It is based on cultural domination.
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Chapter 10: Race and Ethnicity
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180 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following objections has been raised against Canadian policy on temporary foreign workers?
A)It is racist and sexist.
B)It is financially inefficient.
C)It is a cause of widespread social conflict.
D)It is subject to uncontrollable corruption.
Q2) Which of the following refers to the process whereby one group of people within a nation gain control over the others and segregate them in most areas of social life?
A)genocide
B)cultural imperialism
C)internal colonialism
D)colonialism
Q3) Using an example, describe a transnational community.
Q4) Which of the following theories best explains slavery?
A)labelling theory
B)identification theory
C)split labour market theory
D)theory of internal colonialism
Q5) What is a scapegoat? Give an example.
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Chapter 11: Sexualities and Gender Stratification
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Sample Questions
Q1) Anna and Mitch have a daughter.They encourage her to play cooperatively with other children in role-playing games, but they do not allow any kind of competitive, noisy, or rowdy play.Which of the following is a likely consequence of their parenting style?
A)The daughter will have heightened aggression.
B)The daughter will have heightened physical and spatial abilities.
C)The daughter will have heightened cognitive skills.
D)The daughter will have heightened verbal and emotional skills.
Q2) What was the relative gender equality found in foraging societies based on?
A)women doing the same tasks as men
B)men doing more childrearing tasks than women
C)women being more likely to hold positions as tribal leaders and healers
D)women producing up to 80 percent of the band's food
Q3) Why did Dr.John Money's sexual reassignment surgery on baby Bruce fail? What can be learned about gender and gender identity from this story?
Q4) Which of the following refers to the irrational fear and hatred of homosexuals?
A)homophobia
B)gay bashing
C)heterophobia
D)homonormativity
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Sociology of the Body: Disability, Aging, and Death
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following countries has the greatest percentage of adults who are overweight?
A)Canada
B)United States
C)Sweden
D)Japan
Q2) According to the textbook, what is the most common health condition for centenarians in Ontario?
A)arthritis
B)dementia
C)heart disease
D)diabetes
Q3) North American-born children of immigrants are usually shorter than their parents who were born abroad.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Discuss how the elderly are stereotyped in popular media.Make a case that this situation is getting better, staying the same, or getting worse.
Q5) Describe what ageism is and give examples.
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Chapter 13: Work and the Economy
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Sample Questions
Q1) There are a number of reasons why the increase in part-time work in Canada may not be problematic.Which of the following reflects one of these reasons?
A)Some people wish to work part-time and can afford to do so.
B)Some people require a consistent and stable work schedule.
C)Some people move from job to job as a means of advancing their careers.
D)Some people enjoy the challenge of holding several part-time jobs at once.
Q2) Describe the problems globalization has created for many developing countries.
Q3) Which of the following jobs is most likely to be unionized in Canada?
A)lawyer
B)hospital lab technician
C)retail clerk
D)auto mechanic
Q4) Which sector of the economy is manufacturing part of?
A)the social reproduction sector
B)the primary sector
C)the secondary sector
D)the tertiary sector
Q5) Henry Ford was the originator of the deskilling thesis.
A)True
B)False
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Politics
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to which of the following models is political power widely dispersed across many competing interest groups?
A)the pluralist model
B)the elite model
C)the power resource model
D)the state-centred model
Q2) What do we call the institution that specializes in exercising power and authority over the citizenry of a nation?
A)the authoritarian command apparatus
B)civil society
C)the coercive socio-political system
D)the state
Q3) Leonard believes that public policy in Canada is influenced by shifts in power, and the balance in power between people of different classes, ethnicities, and regions.Which theory does he subscribe to?
A)elite theory
B)pluralist theory
C)state-centred theory
D)power resource theory
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Families
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Sample Questions
Q1) Following divorce, which of the following groups is most often responsible for paying child support?
A)custodial mothers
B)custodial fathers
C)non-custodial fathers
D)non-custodial mothers
Q2) What is polygamy?
A)a form of marriage where wives have more power than husbands
B)a form of marriage involving more than two spouses
C)marriage between two people who are related by blood
D)the practice in which every adult member of a tribe or village is considered a parent to every child in the tribe or village
Q3) What are the effects of divorce on children?
Q4) What is meant by "reproductive choice" and what are its main elements?
Q5) Explain how the traditional nuclear family is based on gender inequality.
Q6) For most of human history, marriage was based on love.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Identify the main changes made to Canadian divorce law in recent decades.
Q8) Compare and contrast nuclear families and traditional nuclear families.
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Chapter 16: Religion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Outline Max Weber's analysis of the Protestant ethic.
Q2) Joseph and his neighbours receive a flyer advertising a community hockey game sponsored by a local church.He and the others are invited to play hockey and afterwards attend a service.What does this invitation reflect?
A)the secularization thesis
B)the revised secularization thesis
C)the market theory of religion
D)the community affiliation model of religion
Q3) Ecclesia refers to those people who break away from established churches because of doctrinal disagreements.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In which of the following churches do women comprise one-third of ordained ministers?
A)the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints
B)the Promise Keepers
C)the United Church of Canada
D)the Anabaptist Church
Q5) Explain what a new religious movement is.
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Chapter 17: Education
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the way in which Aboriginal peoples in Canada relate to the educational system, as far as success and lack of success are concerned.
Q2) The use of corporal punishment in schools (the strap, the ruler, etc.) was referred to as pedagogic violence by Pierre Bourdieu.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In 1536, who was burned at the stake for translating the Bible into the standard King James Bible?
A)King James II
B)William Tyndale
C)James Findlay Fraser
D)Phillip Wexford
Q4) What is credential inflation?
Q5) Explain the differences between educational attainment and educational achievement.
Q6) There are now more university-educated women in Canada than university-educated men.
A)True
B)False
Page 19
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Chapter 18: Mass Media and Mass Communication
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the interaction between audiences and media sources, the media sources usually dominate.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Research shows that people tend to use social media to replace telephone and face-to-face communication.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What is the two-step flow of communication?
Q4) What is at stake when there is numerical underrepresentation and a biased portrayal of minority groups in the mass media?
Q5) Anna has a part-time job, she goes to school full-time, and she enjoys an active social life.According to the textbook, if Anna is like most Canadians, what does she spend a significant amount of her daily time doing?
A)reading
B)working out
C)watching TV
D)playing video games
Q6) How do mass media influence the way audiences think about the world?
Page 20
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Chapter 19: Health and Medicine
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is most likely to subscribe to the belief that having a positive outlook on life will help prevent illness and also help treat it effectively?
A)a shaman
B)a patient activist
C)a holistic medical practitioner
D)a newly trained doctor
Q2) Despite Canada's universal health care system, which of the following contributes significantly to the differences experienced by people in illness and mortality?
A)life expectancy
B)socioeconomic status
C)HIV/AIDS exposure
D)prenatal mortality
Q3) How does lack of knowledge influence health and longevity?
Q4) Which of the following is a social cause of illness and death?
A)exposure to infection
B)personality factors
C)genetic predisposition
D)lifestyle factors
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Chapter 20: Population and Urbanization
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Thomas Robert Malthus, because the food supply increases geometrically, a population will always have enough to eat.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Gentrification is the process by which portions of the inner city are taken over by working-class or homeless people.
A)True
B)False
Q3) After studying urbanization, Winnie believes that cities are places where people are disconnected from one another and unsure about how they should act.What does the textbook suggest about this type of analysis of cities?
A)It is ambiguous.
B)It is accurate for cities outside of North America.
C)It is an oversimplification.
D)It is accurate.
Q4) How did the government of Kerala, India, solve its overpopulation problem?
Q5) Describe the concentric zones of Chicago in the 1920s.Can this model be applied to cities today?
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Chapter 21: Collective Action and Social Movements
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Sample Questions
Q1) When evaluating breakdown theory, what do critics conclude may be viewed as "necessary but not sufficient" for non-routine collective action to take place?
A)social structure
B)deprivation
C)alienation
D)anomie
Q2) What are social movements?
Q3) What do we call the situation where norms are violated as part of breakdown theory?
A)economic deprivation
B)strain
C)labelling
D)political posturing
Q4) What is the right to a basic and minimum standard of living in Canada part of?
A)universal citizenship
B)political citizenship
C)civil citizenship
D)social citizenship
Q5) What are new social movements?
Q6) Why do people sometimes feel it is necessary to create a social movement?
Page 23
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Chapter 22: Technology and the Global Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Edward is the CEO for a large pharmaceutical company that is interested in exploiting natural compounds found in wild plants.Which of the following is the best place for him to visit to find the richest variety of potentially medicinal plants?
A)Chile
B)Venezuela
C)Brazil
D)Ecuador
Q2) Daniel is aware that in the production of his new patented invention, there is the possibility for things to go awry.He believes that this possibility for harm is outweighed by the potential of his invention to be beneficial.Which of the following terms is used to refer to how Daniel most likely views the less positive possibilities of invention?
A)invention speculation
B)the risks of invention
C)normal accidents
D)invention hazards
Q3) How did "high tech" become "big tech"? What does this say about the creation and diffusion of technology?
Q4) What is the dominant view of technology today?
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