Social Behavior
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Course Introduction
This course explores the foundations of social behavior, examining how individuals think, feel, and act within a societal context. Topics include social cognition, group dynamics, interpersonal relationships, conformity, aggression, and prosocial behavior. Students will analyze classic and contemporary research in social psychology, develop critical thinking skills about human interactions, and apply theoretical concepts to real-world social issues. The course emphasizes the impact of culture, identity, and communication on behavior, preparing students to better understand and engage with the social world.
Recommended Textbook
Social Psychology 1st Edition by Thomas E. Heinzen
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22 Chapters
2249 Verified Questions
2249 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: An Introduction to Social Psychology
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100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A study compares the social behaviors between individuals in eastern and western cultures. Which important question of social psychology does this study seek to explore
A) Is personality or environment more influential
B) What are the benefits and drawbacks of living in groups
C) Are humans special
D) Why do stereotypes and prejudices exist and persist?
Answer: C
Q2) A study is researching how a particular subculture is geared toward certain behaviors. With which discipline are the researchers likely associated A) sociology
B) social psychology
C) anthropology
D) counseling psychology
Answer: A
Q3) Social psychology focuses on both positive and negative behaviors.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Research Methods
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Sample Questions
Q1) APA ethical standards have always governed university research.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Which test design skips preliminary measurements and only measures effects of the independent variable
A) pretest-posttest control group design
B) one-group pretest-posttest design
C) posttest-only control group design
D) pretest-posttest between participants design
Answer: C
Q3) Many psychological studies lack ethnic diversity. This decreases what
A) internal validity
B) design effects
C) reliability
D) generalizability
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: The Social Self
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following proposes that a slight distortion of reality can be healthy
A) self-presentation theory
B) optimal margin theory
C) social identity theory
D) social comparison test
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following is a form of self-promotion
A) entitlement
B) conspicuous consumption
C) ingratiation
D) opinion conformity
Answer: A
Q3) One's self-concept is concrete and static.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Social Cognition
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Sample Questions
Q1) Many people in the Unites States get their news from a single source that reinforces already held beliefs. What is this likely evidence of
A) hindsight bias
B) confirmation bias
C) negativity bias
D) representativeness heuristic
Q2) Harsh critics of plane crashes often that it was "obvious" the plane was going to crash. This is likely due to what
A) hindsight bias
B) confirmation bias
C) negativity bias
D) representativeness heuristic
Q3) What enables us to switch from minimal cognitive effort to systematic consideration of evidence
A) intuition
B) logic
C) cognitive load
D) dual processing
Q4) Demonstrate two ways in which cognitive misers decrease their mental load.
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Chapter 5: Person Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) The false uniqueness bias is sometimes called ______.
A) Lake Woebegone effect
B) fundamental attribution error
C) actor-observer bias
D) truly false consensus effect
Q2) Eduardo believes that his new student is not participating because she is shy, so he tries to create a kind and supportive classroom for her. Eduardo may be creating a self-fulfilling prophecy through ______.
A) emotional climate
B) expectations of effort
C) increased opportunities
D) differential feedback
Q3) The halo effect is an entirely social perception of a person that is constructed around a single trait.
A)True
B)False
Q4) We are more likely to assign situational explanations to our own behavior than others.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Attitudes and Persuasion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Kevin hates bedbugs. In this case, bedbugs are ______.
A) informational beliefs
B) evaluative beliefs
C) attitude objects
D) uni-valenced decisions
Q2) The commercial attempted to persuade customers by playing a catchy jingle. This is relying on what to persuade
A) social power
B) context variables
C) attitude inoculation
D) heuristics
Q3) Tia received a time-out every time she yelled in the house. Now she doesn't like loud sounds in the house. Her attitude was shaped by ______.
A) classical conditioning
B) social learning
C) operant conditioning
D) self-affirmation
Q4) Define attitude inoculation and provide an example that shows its relationship to attitude formation and strength.
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Chapter 7: Social Influence: Conformity, Social Roles, and Obedience
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Sample Questions
Q1) What did researchers find when they placed a mirror in the room facing students
A) They were distracted from the assigned task.
B) They were less likely to cheat.
C) They were more social with other students.
D) They focused less on the instructor.
Q2) What do we call study results in a subjective form such as interview content
A) quantitative data
B) qualitative data
C) reliable data
D) objective data
Q3) A bank owner wearing a tank top and flip-flops while he drives an old rusted car is a good example of someone violating a social role.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are assumptions that are clearly stated
A) explicit expectations
B) social roles
C) implicit expectations
D) social influence
Q5) List the two types of social influence.
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Chapter 8: Group Processes
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who is the best example of a transactional leader
A) Anna, who comes in with a list of prioritized activities
B) Brad, who checks in with the emotional state of the team
C) Catherine, who promises bonuses if the job is finished on time
D) David, who encourages everyone to work hard as a team
Q2) Explain how a group can provide a sense of identity. Give at least two examples.
Q3) Which feeling of belonging did the research team demonstrate in the Robert Taylor Housing Projects study
A) sense of identity
B) meaningful information
C) safety
D) social support
Q4) Which person is likely to be most committed to the group
A) Janie, whose parents made her join the church youth group.
B) Todd, who paid $5 to join the anime club.
C) Elizabeth, who earned a spot in the honor society with good grades.
D) David, who went through a difficult audition process, and then pays high fees for his conservatory education.
Q5) Discuss brainstorming and explain under what circumstances it is most and least effective.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sometimes, stereotypes can be at least partially true. This is a concept acknowledged by which theory
A) social agents theory
B) social learning theory
C) social role theory
D) kernel of truth theory
Q2) Following the election of a Sikh mayor, many people of middle eastern descent saw an increase in prejudice against them. This retaliation for a political loss could best be explained by which of the following
A) frustration-aggression theory
B) scapegoat theory
C) paternalistic prejudice
D) contemptuous prejudice
Q3) Many people at the university wore red, white, and blue following a U.S. Olympic victory. This is an example of positive stereotyping.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Name one study that shows the effect of cooperation on racism.
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Chapter 10: Helping Prosocial Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the theory that humans engage in prosocial behaviors to help our group survive and have more opportunities to mate
A) social norms
B) social exchange
C) evolutionary perspective
D) empathy-altruism
Q2) Which one of these prosocial behavior theories is pure altruism
A) social norms
B) negative state relief
C) evolutionary perspective
D) empathy-altruism
Q3) Pablo is always prompt. His desk is meticulously arranged and he always finishes projects ahead of time. Pablo is high in what
A) conscientiousness
B) neuroticism
C) agreeableness
D) extroversion
Q4) According to the 5-step Model of Helping, what was the most likely reason that the participants in the Good Samaritan study acted as they did?
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Chapter 11: Aggression
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jenny takes out her frustration and anger by throwing darts at drawings of the person who angered her. What is the most likely outcome
A) Jenny will continue to be angry or may even get more angry.
B) Jenny will lose dart throwing skills from not using a standard board.
C) The regular venting of frustration will serve as a release valve and reduce her anger.
D) Jenny's friends will find the dartboard and make matters worse.
Q2) Jackson Katz's programs discuss how young boys become aggressive, misogynistic, and homophobic. What does he cite as a reason for this behavior
A) culture of honor
B) purposeful aggression
C) "crisis of masculinity"
D) dehumanization
Q3) Which passive strategy is intended to let enemies pass by
A) fight
B) flight
C) freeze
D) tend and befriend
Q4) What is a term for when human or animal behavior is determined by biology?
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13
Chapter 12: Intimate Relationships
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is considered a universally attractive trait
A) round faces
B) pronounced lips
C) specific ratios of waists and shoulders
D) specific ratios of feet and hands
Q2) Secure people were most likely to have high levels of intimacy in romantic relationships and friendships.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Of the following four modern personality types, which shows the highest levels of self-confidence
A) secure
B) dismissing
C) preoccupied
D) fearful
Q4) Slang terms for men with many sexual partners in Western culture tend to ______.
A) be negative
B) be positive
C) encourage chasteness
D) encourage self-control
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Social Psychology and a Sustainable Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Social psycologists may assist environmentalists by using their knowledge of persuasion to convince others that protecting the environment is a worthwhile cause.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is an objective numerical calculation of how many people occupy a particular space
A) density
B) crowding
C) rat packs
D) population
Q3) Which of the following accurately describes the Earth's thresholds
A) each of the Earth's many "compartments"
B) Earth's capacity for pollution, overcrowding, or other concerns
C) changes in Earth's subsystems due to environmental decay
D) Earth's ability to maintain steady rainfall and temperature
Q4) Human factors is an academic discipline devoted to designing products that maximize human interaction.
A)True
B)False
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Social Psychology of Law and the Courtroom
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are among the most enduring television plot devices
A) evaluators
B) dispute mediators
C) trial consultants
D) reformers
Q2) Linda and Bob are siblings who are fighting one another over the estate of their late father. They have been involved in several domestic disputes and have each obtained lawyers to represent their interests. Their lawyers advise them that a court proceeding will likely be very long and costly. Which of the following will likely help Linda and Bob come to an agreement on how to fairly divide the estate
A) evaluator
B) dispute mediator
C) trial consultant
D) reformer
Q3) Psychology can only react to and process ongoing events.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is the relationship between presupposition and the construction hypothesis?
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Social Psychology of Stress and Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) People with a Type A personality tend to ______.
A) internalize stress
B) adapt well in stressful situations
C) remain physiologically calm
D) remain pasychologically calm
Q2) After serving in the Army during the Korean war, Conrad had recurrent nightmares about his eperiences. He also began to avoid crowds and began to have trouble sleeping. Which of the following conditions is Conrad likely experiencing
A) general adaptation syndrome
B) post-traumatic stress disorder
C) agism
Q3) Which of the following describes a situation that exceeds an individual's coping ability
A) Yerkes-Dodson law
B) exhaustion
C) stress
D) general adaptation syndrome
Q4) What role do summative and formative assessment play in medical care?
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Page 17
Chapter 16: Social Psychology and Happiness: Positive
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Sample Questions
Q1) Among soldiers returning from battles in Iraq and Afghanistan, there has been a sharp increase in which of the following
A) positive subjective experiences
B) alcohol use
C) personal resilience
D) positive coping skills
Q2) Why are game-based assessments considered an expression of positive psychology? What do they help capture?
Q3) Positive psychology has clarified the value of which of the following for depressed individuals
A) mindfulness
B) life coaches
C) game-based assessments
D) physical exercise
Q4) What areas of overlap exist between sports psychology and positive psychology?
Q5) An ethical institution will not allow dual relationships.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 17: Social Psychology and Behavioral
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Sample Questions
Q1) How did the Treaty of Versailles after World War I influence the formation of behavioral economics?
Q2) The prisoner's dilemma exemplifies the effect of ______.
A) independent decision-making
B) interdependent decision-making
C) fairness that is quantified
D) supply chain economics
Q3) Which of the following describes the tendency for potential losses to be more psychologically influential that potential gains
A) loss aversion
B) prospect theory
C) bounded rationality
D) rational economic thinking
Q4) Early economists understood that economic decisions could be influenced by human passions.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Standard game theory is based on the behavioral economic model.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 18: Social Psychology and Relationship Violence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Some argue that the word "victim" should never be used because it connotes "helplessness and pity."
A)True
B)False
Q2) Why is conflicting data on relationship violence from different sources all thought to be valid?
Q3) It can be difficult for survivors of violence to move forward.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following is a romantic myth that notes that a man, who is a relative stranger, can come into a woman's life and save her from her problems
A) Cinderella fantasy
B) Beauty and the Beast fantasy
C) Pocahontas fantasy
D) Snow White fantasy
Q5) Minimization is a way for victims of violence to reduce cognitive dissonance.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What is the relationship between minimizing and cognitive dissonance?
Page 20
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Chapter 19: Social Psychology of Work: Industrialorganizational Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) You find a advertisement for an open position online. This would be any example of which of the following
A) performance appraisal
B) job analysis
C) personnel needs assessment
D) employee assistance program
Q2) What is the purpose of a job analysis?
Q3) Organizations with strict reporting criteria along formal lines of command likely have a hierarchical organizational structure.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following provides specifics of what is expected in a particular job
A) performance appraisal
B) employee assistance program
C) job analysis
D) personnel needs assessment
Q5) Describe the modern use of industrial/organizational psychology.
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Q6) What is the relationship between work/life balance and employee assistance programs?
Chapter 20: Social Psychology of Volunteerism and Internships
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Sample Questions
Q1) In which of the following industries is free labor at A) move studios
B) medicine
C) teaching
D) music performance
Q2) Volunteers and interns may be taken advantage of because they have little ______.
A) experience
B) money
C) flexibility
D) power
Q3) Which of the following refers to a statistical technique that uses relationships among variables to hypothesize causal connections
A) agreeableness
B) volunteerism
C) path analysis
D) extraversion
Q4) Describe the differences between egoism and altruism.
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Q5) What are the similarities and differences between undergraduate- and graduate-level internships?
Chapter 21: Social Psychology and Personal Finance
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following refers to a basis or standard used to estimate value?
A) mental accounting
B) payment decoupling
C) reference points
D) default decisions
Q2) Which of the following refers to a set of brain neurons that respond to actual and anticipated rewards?
A) neural circuitry of reward
B) auction fever
C) mere ownership effect
D) endowment effect
Q3) Which of the following refers to a tendency to overbid an item in a socially competitive environment?
A) neural circuitry of reward
B) auction fever
C) mere ownership effect
D) endowment effect
Q4) What role does opportunity of costs play in merchandiser's use of reference prices and discounts?
Q5) Describe how loss aversion may affect one's ability to make financial decisions.
Page 23
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Chapter 22: Social Psychology and Forgiveness
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Sample Questions
Q1) In romantic relationships, forgiveness works best when it is combined with assertiveness.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Some research shows storytelling helps victims of trauma by______.
A) validating their experience
B) helping them forget their experience
C) assisting in living with the experience
D) sharing the experience with future generations
Q3) One way people may forgive without forgetting is through artistry.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe the four elements of the tit-for-tat strategy and note its relationship to the two different types of orientations in romantic relationships.
Q5) Which of the following describes the shadow of the future?
A) future retribution should be sought for current actions
B) thoughts about future events influence present decisions
C) laws that are unjust should be abolished in the future
D) hostility creates negative future events
Q6) How are emotional and decisional forgiveness different?
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