Social and Cultural Anthropology Test Bank
Course Introduction
Social and Cultural Anthropology explores the diverse ways in which humans organize their lives, construct meaning, and interact within various societies and cultures across the globe. This course introduces students to key anthropological concepts such as kinship, ritual, belief systems, social structures, and identity, emphasizing both theoretical approaches and ethnographic case studies. Through the close examination of cross-cultural practices and the dynamics of social change, students develop critical insights into the complexities of cultural diversity, power relations, globalization, and the relevance of anthropology in addressing contemporary social issues.
Recommended Textbook
Culture Counts A Concise Introduction to Cultural Anthropology 2nd Edition by Serena Nanda
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14 Chapters
772 Verified Questions
772 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: What Is Anthropology and Why Should I Care
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56 Verified Questions
56 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the United States,anthropology has traditionally included four subdisciplines:
A)biological anthropology,ethnography,archaeology,cultural anthropology.
B)cultural anthropology,biological anthropology,ethnology,anthropological linguistics.
C)anthropological linguistics,ethnology,primatology,forensic anthropology.
D)forensic anthropology,archaeology,linguistics,cultural anthropology.
E)cultural anthropology,anthropological linguistics,archaeology,biological anthropology.
Answer: E
Q2) Applied anthropology is practiced in which of the following subdisciplines?
A)cultural anthropology,anthropological linguistics,forensic anthropology
B)primatology,human paleontology,ethnography,archaeology
C)archaeology,biological anthropology,anthropological linguistics,cultural anthropology
D)anthropological linguistics and cultural anthropology
E)cultural anthropology only
Answer: C
Q3) Anthropology is classified as a science and a __________________.
Answer: humanity
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Chapter 2: Culture Counts
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55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The rapid transfer of American music all over the world is a form of:
A)innovation.
B)indoctrination.
C)enculturation.
D)invention.
E)diffusion.
Answer: E
Q2) Which of the following focuses primarily on describing human systems of organization and classification used by individual cultures?
A)cognitive anthropology
B)culture and personality
C)ethnoscience
D)interpretive anthropology
E)ethnobotany
Answer: C
Q3) Learned behavior is found exclusively in humans beings.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Doing Cultural Anthropology
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the mid-1960s the U.S.army and Department of Defense attempted to enlist anthropologists to serve as consultants in the development of American foreign policy goals.This project was named:
A)Mission Culture.
B)Kennedy.
C)Columbia.
D)Camelot.
E)Monroe Doctrine.
Answer: D
Q2) Early anthropologists who relied on travelers and missionaries for their fieldwork data were called:
A)armchair anthropologists.
B)novices.
C)native anthropologists.
D)secondhand anthropologists.
E)early scholars.
Answer: A
Q3) The belief that one's own culture is superior to another is called __________. Answer: ethnocentrism
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Communication
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is a pidgin language?
A)It is an animal language and was probably the basis for origin of human language.
B)It is an artificial language that is not spoken,only written.
C)It is the primary language of people who live in a hierarchical society and are oppressed by a more dominant language.
D)It is a language that combines features of two or more original languages that came into contact historically.
E)It is a dialect of another language.
Q2) The study of the relationship between language and culture is called:
A)cultural linguistics.
B)historical linguistics.
C)descriptive linguistics.
D)structural linguistics.
E)sociolinguistics.
Q3) Human infants have the biological ability to make all the sounds of all human languages.
A)True
B)False
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6
Chapter 5: Making a Living
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the oldest form of human subsistence?
A)transhumant pastoralism
B)horticulture
C)agriculture
D)foraging
E)industrialism
Q2) The proliferation of meat-eating in the West has had little effect on the rest of the world.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Pastoralism is a subsistence strategy that is likely to continue to exist in tropical wetland areas.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In agriculture,the same piece of land is permanently cultivated.
A)True
B)False
Q5) How has global warming affected the subsistence strategy of the Inuit peoples in the Arctic?
Q6) Globalization involves the integration of three primary components.Name them.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Economics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why did the Canadian government outlaw potlatch feasts from 1884 to 1951?
A)They wanted to compete with the native peoples and were not included in the prestige feast.
B)They wanted the native peoples to sell the goods to the Canadian government.
C)They considered it to be an irrational waste of goods that could be put to more productive use on behalf of native peoples.
D)They considered the potlatch to be a threat to the authority of the Canadian government which controlled the production of all native goods.
E)They wanted to exterminate all of the native peoples.
Q2) What are the three main patterns of exchange?
Q3) Capitalism results in the creation of a society in which:
A)there will always be rich and poor.
B)everyone has equal access to resources of production.
C)individuals who work hard enough are able to become rich.
D)the rich will always take care of the poor.
E)the poor and the rich will always exchange places over generations.
Q4) Cargo systems are classified as a form of reciprocity.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Marriage, Family, and Kinship
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Sample Questions
Q1) Although lay people refer to plural marriage as "polygamy," the appropriate anthropological term for what the FLDS practice is:
A)polyandry.
B)polygyny.
C)polygandry.
D)polysororate.
E)plurality.
Q2) Bride wealth transactions are particularly characteristic of Africa.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Polygyny is a very commonly-accepted form of marriage in many societies.List and describe of the advantages of polygyny for a man,his wives,and his children.
Q4) The Hopi are a(n)_________ society.
A)matrilineal
B)patrilineal
C)bilateral
D)ambilineal
E)cognatic
Q5) Name three functions of a kinship system.
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Chapter 8: Sex and Gender
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Q1) How would scholars best depict the relationship between women's status and the global economy?
A)Women have made dramatic advances in the global economy and now face little discrimination in the workforce.
B)Women have confronted further erosion of their social status as a result of the global economy and are not in favor of continued expansion.
C)Women have faced both advances and losses as a result of the global economy,but it has allowed more opportunity than traditional agriculture.
D)As women's status rises,the global economy expands and improves.
E)As women's status declines,the global economy suffers.
Q2) Which of the following undermines the traditional Tuareg women's status today?
A)the exposure the Tuareg have had to neighboring patrilineal societies
B)the incorporation of the Tuareg into a larger nation-state society
C)the family incorporation into a wage economy
D)the migration of men to cities
E)All of these undermine their status today.
Q3) Define gender stratification and discuss how it impacts our social,political,and economic lives.
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Chapter 9: Political Organization
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Q1) In state societies all surplus is redistributed back to the population.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Why does the Armenian experience in Turkey continue to exert a force in current politics?
A)There are no Armenians who survived the genocide.
B)Turkey wishes to join to European Union and has not officially recognized this part of its history.
C)Turkey is applying for membership in NATO and the Armenians have voted against this membership.
D)Armenians wish to take over the government of Turkey.
E)Armenia is applying to secede from Turkey and form its own independent and autonomous nation.
Q3) Sources of power in a single society may be both consensual and coercive.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Anthropologists argue that patrilineal tribes may be more prone to warfare than matrilineal ones.
A)True
B)False
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Stratification: Class, Race, Ethnicity, and Caste
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is incorrect?
A)Good luck can be a form of social mobility in class societies.
B)In a class system,social mobility is possible.
C)Social status is dependent on ascription and achievement.
D)In open social systems,the different classes are sharply defined and separated from each other.
E)All of these statements are correct.
Q2) How has social mobility been affected by globalization in China?
A)It has become less and less evident.Now social change is very difficult.
B)It has become more evident.Now in all social classes,there is enormous upward mobility.
C)It is not equally distributed throughout all economic and social classes in these societies.Businessmen have seen the most social mobility recently.
D)It has become increasingly possible to transcend class in China.
E)There is no longer any type of class distinction in China.
Q3) In the U.S. ,an individual's social status remains tied to race,ethnicity,and gender.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Religion
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Sample Questions
Q1) In what kinds of rituals do we tend to find liminality?
A)rites of redress
B)rites of intensification
C)rites of passage
D)rites of recurrence
E)rites of renewal
Q2) What distinguishes a shaman from a priest?
A)Priests,but not shamans,have the ability to work magic in religious rituals and cause ritual items to change their substance.
B)Shamans are part-time practitioners who mediate the worlds of the natural and supernatural.Priests are formally elected or appointed as full-time religious officers.
C)Priests have training and undergo an apprenticeship in order to serve a group of people.Shamans are untrained because they are thought to have a natural affinity to the supernatural.
D)Shamans are found in state societies and priests are found in foraging and egalitarian societies.
E)There are no differences between shamans and priests.Priests are classified as a type of shaman.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Power, Conquest, and a World System
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Q1) Between the end of the 15th century and the end of the 19th,Europe exported an estimated 88 million slaves from Africa.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Why did many colonial powers choose to rule indirectly through local leaders?
Q3) How is colonialism distinct from other trade relations?
A)Colonies had more resources available for trade than non-colonized areas.
B)Colonies were actively possessed by other countries for economic and political advantages.
C)Colonies are not autonomous political entities.They rely on neighboring countries and the world economic market for survival.
D)Colonialism involves balanced reciprocity between countries.The mother country and the native country share their resources.
E)Colonialism involves the possession of countries by Europe or the United States.
Q4) By what means did Europe gain such power and influence over the world after 1400?
Evaluate each of your responses by discussing the advantages they conferred on Europeans and what effects they might have had on the native populations in the colonies.
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Globalization and Change
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Sample Questions
Q1) Although there is a trend toward cultural homogeneity,some groups are resisting this process.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is a "carrying capacity?"
A)the amount of pollution that the environment can bear before global warming sets in B)the maximum population that the earth can support
C)the amount of labor that can be produced from a single adult man
D)the maximum number of children that a woman can produce
E)None of these choices is correct.
Q3) Proponents of _______________ argue that development fails when it focuses on large-scale projects and technological change and pays too little attention to improving the lives of the poor.
A)structural adjustment
B)human needs approaches
C)modernization theory
D)neoliberalism
E)multinational corporations
Q4) How does migration change both urban and rural areas?
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Chapter 14: Anthropology Makes a Difference
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why does domestic violence occur frequently among immigrant women?
A)Most of these women come from Latin America,where there are very strong patriarchal values that condone domestic violence.
B)Many of these women do not consider the violence they face in the home as unusual or illegal.
C)Immigrant women must make alliances with very strong men in order to survive in a new country.
D)Immigrant women cannot speak English and so are completely unable to communicate their distress to social workers.
E)Many of these women lack the language and economic opportunities to provide them with alternatives.
Q2) In southern Africa some 75% of AIDS victims are women.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Name one benefit that anthropology can make in our contemporary world.
Q4) Compare and contrast child workers in Olinda,Brazil and youth sex workers in New York City.How are they different and alike?
Q5) What is "environmental justice?"
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