Retail Management Review Questions
Course Introduction
Retail Management explores the dynamic and competitive world of retailing, covering key concepts such as store operations, merchandise management, retail marketing, customer experience, supply chain logistics, and the impact of technology on the retail landscape. Students will examine strategies used by successful retailers to adapt to changing consumer behaviors, develop brand loyalty, and achieve profitability. The course also addresses current trends such as omni-channel retailing, sustainability, and global retail expansion, preparing students to effectively manage retail businesses in diverse and evolving markets.
Recommended Textbook
Consumer Behaviour Buying Having and Being 6th Canadian Edition by Michael R. Solomon
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Page 2
Chapter 1: An Introduction to Consumer Behaviour
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Sample Questions
Q1) John is the vice president of marketing for a local tour guide company.He is concerned that his customers are not recommending his company to friends of theirs.For John,this problem is a:
A) purchase issue.
B) demographic problem.
C) prepurchase issue.
D) postpurchase issue.
Answer: D
Q2) Consumer behaviour as a discipline deals mainly with what happens at the point of purchase.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) ________ involve(s)gathering data from small group sessions with approximately six to twelve consumer participants.
A) Survey research
B) Focus group research
C) Interviews
D) Observational research
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) Your company has been running the same magazine advertisement in Vogue for three months,and there is evidence that the advertisement is losing its effectiveness.Your boss,Jerry,comes to you asking you for advice on what the possible problem is and why it may have happened in such a short time.What do you tell him?
Answer: A good answer will discuss the notion of adaptation or the degree to which consumers continue to notice a stimulus over time.The process of adaptation occurs when consumers no longer pay attention to a stimulus because it is so familiar.Almost like drug addiction,a consumer can become "habituated" and require increasingly stronger "doses" of a stimulus for it to continue to be noticed.For example,a consumer en route to work might read a billboard message when it is first installed,but after a few days it becomes part of the passing scenery. They could also discuss: Exposure: People tend to habituate to frequently encountered stimuli as the rate of exposure increases. A better answer will also propose solutions to the problem.For example,the marketing can alter one of the elements that lead to adaptation processes.
Q2) List the five sensory systems.
Answer: sight,sound,smell,taste,and touch
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Chapter 3: Learning and Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) With respect to the information processing approach to memory formulation,in the ________ stage,information is entered in a way the system will recognize.
A) storage
B) retrieval
C) encoding
D) decoding
Answer: C
Q2) Negative reinforcement occurs when a response is followed by unpleasant events,thereby decreasing the likelihood that a behaviour will be repeated.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) What is observational learning? Provide an example.
Answer: Observational learning occurs when people watch the actions of others and note the reinforcements they receive for their behaviours.An example is a child seeing that an older child washing the dishes receives praises.The younger child does the same to get the same praise.
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Chapter 4: Motivation and Affect
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Sample Questions
Q1) The majority of people do eventually move on to the top level of self-actualization needs.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What are the differences between emotions and moods?
Q3) Ling's hierarchy of needs is different from those of his western friends since he values the welfare of the group as more important than:
A) esteem needs.
B) self-actualization needs.
C) safety needs.
D) physiological needs.
Q4) Ray's house needed a new roof.When he read the homebuilder's magazine,he was able to pause and reflect on what he read on each page.This is an example of:
A) simulated involvement.
B) message-response involvement.
C) product involvement.
D) motivated involvement.
Q5) Name and describe the five levels of Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
Q6) What is meant by the term "flow state"?
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Chapter 5: The Self
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is body cathexis?
Q2) Research shows that those who have a low sense of collective self-esteem about their gender identity:
A) berate members of the opposite gender.
B) are less susceptible to stereotype threat.
C) are more likely to choose gender-related products when they learn negative information about their gender identity.
D) are less likely to choose gender-related products when they learn negative information about their gender identity.
Q3) Eastern cultures stress all of the following EXCEPT:
A) collective self
B) inner, private self
C) inherent separateness of each individual
D) interdependent self
Q4) In terms of the ideal female body type,the ________ look has reappeared.
A) waif
B) athletic
C) hourglass figure
D) hippy look
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Chapter 6: Personality, Lifestyles, and Values
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Sample Questions
Q1) Old Spice created a series of commercials with a likeable brand representative and created several Youtube spots to help viewers get to know the man behind the brand.This was to enhance:
A) consumer self-esteem.
B) company acceptance.
C) brand personality.
D) perceptual selectivity.
Q2) Discuss two different instruments that might be used to measure values,and explain why one may be preferable for marketing applications.
Q3) Alison is a go-getting lawyer who is very career-oriented and makes a high salary.Using the VALS framework,how would you describe Alison?
Q4) The use of psychological,sociological,and anthropological factors combined with demographic information to identify potential markets is called:
A) power-driven segmentation.
B) ulstrith coding.
C) cultural segmentation.
D) psychographic segmentation.
Q5) What is motivational research?
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Chapter 7: Attitudes
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Sample Questions
Q1) Janet will only drink Earl Grey tea.This tea is her attitude object.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Bill is watching a television show.When an advertisement comes on,he has a predisposition to respond to that advertisement in a favourable or unfavourable manner.This predisposition is referred to as a(n)________.
A) advertisement potential
B) attitude toward the advertisement
C) promotional cheer
D) promotional influence
Q3) Describe what Katz means by the term "value-expressive function."
Q4) How strongly or weakly a consumer is committed to a specific attitude relates to the level of involvement she has with the attitude object.Describe the strength of commitment involved in each of the following and give an example: -compliance
-identification
-internalization
Q5) Describe what Katz means by the term "ego-defensive function."
Q6) What does Katz mean by the "utilitarian function?"
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Attitude Change and Interactive Communications
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Sample Questions
Q1) Public hearings are being held to discuss whether a new nuclear power plant should be built.An expert on nuclear plants testifies that modern safeguards make the plant secure from dangerous accidents.A local woman speaks and states that she knows nothing about nuclear power,but the idea of having a plant close by frightens her and her children.Which of the two parties has the most immediate ability to change attitudes of the audience? What will happen over time?
A) The expert will have the most ability to change attitudes and his influence will be maintained even weeks later.
B) The expert will have the most ability to change attitudes, but his influence will decrease over time as the woman's argument gains in force.
C) Because the local woman is most like the other people in the meeting, her opinion will have the most immediate influence, but over time the expert's opinion will gain in force.
D) The woman's opinion will be more likely to influence the audience initially, and her influence will extend into the future.
Q2) How does the Persuasion Knowledge Model (PKM)view the exchange between consumer and persuasion agent?
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Individual Decision Making
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Sample Questions
Q1) Susan is trying to select a tour.She is going to Scotland but can't make up her mind what she wants to do when she gets there.There are so many variables including the cost,the weather,and Susan's desire to see the village her grandmother called home.Susan's problem emphasizes the importance of the ________ in hospitality marketing.
A) rational perspective
B) behavioural influence perspective
C) psychological perspective
D) experiential perspective
Q2) What is the similarity and the distinction between intelligent agents and electronic recommendation agents?
Q3) If Bill used a mental or problem-solving shortcut to make a purchase decision,he would be utilizing a(n)________.
A) importance weight.
B) script.
C) strategy.
D) heuristic.
Q4) How is product categorization related to the notion of forming a positioning strategy? Give an example.
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Chapter 10: Buying and Disposing
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Sample Questions
Q1) A consumer who opts for temporary ownership or experiences of products,rather than permanently acquiring goods,is called a ___________.
A) gemba
B) free-cycler
C) de-pack rat
D) transumer
Q2) Today's shoppers are demanding faster,more convenient service.How are retailers such as Safeway and Home Depot responding?
A) employing more sales staff
B) training staff to check out more efficiently
C) offering self-serve checkouts
D) consolidating retail outlets and investing in online stores
Q3) Explain how mood as an antecedent state can influence consumer behaviour.
Q4) Bill is the manager of a busy Home Depot store that often has line-ups.What temporal factors should he be concerned with that might affect his customers' buying process?
Q5) What is meant by the term "transumer?"
Q6) From a shopping orientation perspective compare an economic shopper,a personalized shopper,and a recreational shopper.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Group Influence and Social Media
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Sample Questions
Q1) Propinquity is a factor that is related to the power of a reference group.How will it influence the relative power between a membership group and an avoidance group?
A) Propinquity should make membership groups much stronger than dissociative groups.
B) Propinquity should make membership groups and dissociative groups equal in potential power.
C) Propinquity should make membership groups weaker than dissociative groups, because the motivation to distance oneself is increased with closeness.
D) Propinquity should make dissociative groups more powerful than membership groups because propinquity has no effect on membership groups.
Q2) In group decision-making contexts,the person who conducts information searches and controls the flow of information is known as the:
A) initiator.
B) informer.
C) opinion leader..
D) gatekeeper.
Q3) Jimmy is a Tremorite.Describe who he is likely to be and what he does.
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13
Chapter 12: Income, Social Class, and Family Structure
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Q1) Explain the concept of social mobility and its various forms.How common are dramatic cases of social mobility?
Q2) The money available to a household over and above that required for a comfortable standard of living is termed:
A) diversion income.
B) discretionary income.
C) discretional income.
D) fun money.
Q3) The __________ is the average number of children that would be born per woman if all women lived to the end of their childbearing years and bore children according to a given fertility Rate at each age.
A)life cycle rate
B) total fertility rate
C) net birth rate
D) population rate
Q4) What are the major components of social class?
Q5) Briefly explain Veblen's terms of invidious distinction and conspicuous consumption.
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Chapter 13: Subcultures
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Sample Questions
Q1) When marketers attempt to appeal to people across different age categories,they are using a ___________ strategy.
A) masstige
B) multigenerational marketing
C) concentrated
D) differentiated
Q2) What is a multigenerational marketing strategy?
Q3) Describe the teen conflict identified by the Saatchi and Saatchi study as idealism versus pragmatism.
Q4) The four groups that account for much of Canada's recent growth from immigration include all of the following,EXCEPT:
A)Chinese Canadians
B) British Canadians
C) Filipino Canadians
D) East-Indian Canadians
Q5) In what ways is autonomy relevant to the mature consumer?
Q6) In what ways can we say the experiences of Generation X members Ted (aged 45)and Harry (aged 33)are likely to differ as a result of the recent economic situation?
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Chapter 14: Cultural Influences on Consumer Behaviour
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ethos refers to the ideological area of culture that consists of a set of moral,aesthetic,and evaluative principles.
A)True
B)False
Q2) When Disney made the gates to Disney Hong Kong feng shui compatible,they were using a(n):
A) transtheoretical perspective.
B) etic perspective.
C) emic perspective.
D) niche strategy.
Q3) Electrolux translated the following slogan to promote their line of vacuum cleaners: "nothing sucks like an Electrolux" in the North American market.This is an example of:
A) a humorous ad campaign aimed at the youth market.
B) use of alliteration in advertising text.
C) an ad campaign that was able to segment and target different cultural markets.
D) a lack of back-translation.
Q4) What is the difference between enacted and crescive norms? Give an example of the latter.
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Chapter 15: The Creation and Diffusion of Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is plinking?
A) the embedding of a product or service link in a video
B) the placement of a brand in a documentary feature
C) advertising dropins to feature storylines
D) pop-up ads on social networking sites
Q2) One aspect of culture production systems (CPSs)that should not be overlooked is that:
A) the nature of these systems helps to determine the types of products that eventually emerge from them.
B) they tend to exist in a social vacuum, isolated from the social environment that they seek to influence.
C) their memberships tend to exclude real people.
D) they have very little interest in actually trying to anticipate developing fashion trends.
Q3) What is cultural selection?
Q4) Social networking changes have prompted a movement away from ________ .
A) consumerspace
B) innovation
C) the traditional music industry
D) marketerspace
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