Research Methods in Education Review
Questions
Course Introduction
Research Methods in Education provides an in-depth exploration of the various approaches, strategies, and tools used to investigate educational questions and problems. Students will learn about both qualitative and quantitative research methods, including designing studies, collecting and analyzing data, and interpreting findings. The course covers key topics such as research ethics, sampling techniques, survey and interview design, experimental and non-experimental methods, and the use of statistical software. Throughout the course, students will develop critical skills needed to evaluate educational research, design independent research projects, and apply research findings to improve educational practice and policy.
Recommended Textbook
Understanding Research 2nd Edition by W. Lawrence Neuman
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Chapter 1: Why Do Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dr.Marsh did an exploratory study on a topic that he thought was very interesting.He spent hours and hours collecting data and analyzing the data,but when he tried to interpret the data he didn't get anywhere- nothing made sense.Which of the following steps in the research process do you think that Dr.Marsh skipped?
A) informing others
B) designing the study
C) background research
D) selecting a topic
Answer: B
Q2) Basic research addresses a specific concern or offers solutions to a problem that has been identified by an employer,club,or some other organization or movement.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) The final step in the research process is informing others.In one or two sentences,explain how that could be done effectively.
Answer: Possible answers include publication,presentation,professional associations,etc.
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Chapter 2: Planning a Study
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Sample Questions
Q1) Researchers test hypotheses in two ways: a straightforward way and A)by using the null hypothesis.
B)by using dependent variables.
C)by using qualitative analysis.
D)by taking a nonlinear path.
Answer: A
Q2) Mr.Marsh is starting his literature review on the topic of children and tooth decay.He has found lots and lots of information and now he is really confused as to his next step.What do you think that he should have done first?
A)design his search
B)locate research reports
C)done peer review
D)refined the topic
Answer: D
Q3) A causal explanation
A)has no link to time order.
B)has at least ten variables.
C)specifies how the variables are connected.
D)has a null hypothesis involved.
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Becoming an Ethical Researcher
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Sample Questions
Q1) ______ is the document that researchers use to make participants aware of their rights.
Answer: Informed consent
Q2) The greater the possibility of risk to the subject (participant),the greater the need to obtain informed consent.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Two major types of______ are plagiarism and research fraud.
Answer: scientific misconduct
Q4) The research community identifies clear prohibitions when recognizing research ethics including all of these EXCEPT
A)never cause unnecessary or irreversible harm to research participants.
B)never unnecessarily humiliate or degrade research participants.
C)never release harmful information about specific individuals collected for research purposes.
D)voluntary consent is sometimes needed.
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Sampling
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Sample Questions
Q1) A probability sample would allow Mr.Marsh
A)to make valid inferences from the sample to the population
B)to research a small sample
C)to learn statistics
D)All of these answers are correct.
Q2) A random sampling distribution curve is in the shape of
A)an exponential curve.
B)parabola.
C)bell shape curve.
D)H and D curve.
Q3) If a researcher wants to sample a very small target population,he might as well A)not do any research.
B)include everyone.
C)include every third subject.
D)not include the first ten subjects.
Q4) What is random-digit dialing?
Q5) The size of a sample is more important than its frame. A)True
B)False
Q6) A(n)______ is a specific list of sampling elements in the target population.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Measuring Social Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) An IQ score is an example of what type of measurement?
A)interval
B)equivalence
C)ratio
D)nominal
Q2) A social distance scale
A)measures how many miles apart various rural towns are.
B)can have measurements as high as 100.
C)is a convenient way to determine how close people feel toward a social group to which they do not belong.
D)is a convenient way to interpret data obtained through Guttman scaling.
Q3) Marketing researchers often use this scale to measure subjective feelings.
A)Guttman scale
B)Likert scale
C)semantic differential
D)metric scale
Q4) Likert-scaled items cannot be combined into an index.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Give an example of a social measurement scale and its use.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: The Survey
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the difference between a standard-format question and a full-filter question?
Q2) A researcher faces three survey question sequence issues: how to organize,how to reduce question order effects,and how to control researcher bias.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Writing good answer choices in a survey is not as important as writing a good question.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Mr.Marsh responded that he always completed employee evaluations on time when he was a manager,when in fact,he rarely conducted the task.As a respondent in a survey he exaggerated to look good.This is an example of A)contingency bias.
B)closed format bias.
C)wording effect bias.
D)social desirability bias.
Q5) What are the advantages and disadvantages of a mailed questionnaire?
Q6) In a(n)______ question format,respondents can give any answer.
8
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Chapter 7: The Experiment
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Q1) When a researcher is interested in how sequences affect the dependent variable,the design is
A)Solomon Four Group Design.
B)Two-Group Post Design.
C)Classical Design.
D)Latin Square Design.
Q2) When participants don't finish a study,it is called A)testing.
B)internal validity.
C)experimental mortality.
D)history.
Q3) A threat that might weaken external validity is
A)artificial setting.
B)maturation.
C)testing.
D)history.
Q4) In probability theory,______ is a process in which each case has a known and has an equal chance of selection.
Q5) Differentiate pre- versus post-test in the context of an experiment.
Q6) Discuss the purposes for Factorial Design and Latin Square Design.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Research With Non-Reactive Measures
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Sample Questions
Q1) If a researcher contemplates conduct of an existing statistics research study,it would be a good idea for him/her to talk with a(n)______ first.
A)physician
B)author
C)information professional
D)clergy member
Q2) What challenge(s)does a researcher face in doing existing statistics research?
A)the cost of data
B)turning variables into questions
C)the ability to locate participants
D)None of these answers are correct.
Q3) When a researcher uses coding,s/he turns aspects of text content into quantitative variables.
A)True
B)False
Q4) List four types of nonreactive quantitative research techniques.
Q5) What is the difference between manifest coding and latent coding?
Q6) When measuring space,the researcher measures size,volume,amount of time or on a page.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Making Sense of the Numbers
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Q1) The plot of a positive directional relationship on a scattergram looks like a diagonal line that begins in the lower left and goes to the upper right.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Bivariate relationships vary in their degree of ______.A very precise relationship occurs when all the cases fit right along the line that indicates the relationship and direction.The amount of spread among the points on the graph indicates ______(same as above).
Q3) The ______ of statistical significance tells the researcher the likelihood that results are due to chance factors- that is,that a relationship appears in the sample when there is none in the population.
Q4) It is sufficient to say when showing an association between an independent variable and a dependent variable that the independent variable causes a dependent variable. A)True
B)False
Q5) What does a .01 level of significance mean?
Q6) What is the purpose of multiple regression analysis? What two things does it tell a researcher?
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Chapter 10: Observing People in Natural Settings
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the essential steps in starting a field research project is
A)selecting a competent assistant.
B)selecting a field site.
C)selecting an appropriate website for future blogs.
D)selecting reading materials for entertainment while waiting for something to happen.
Q2) Questions that focus on similarities are called
A)contrast questions.
B)structural questions.
C)similarity questions.
D)descriptive questions.
Q3) Choosing people using a routine,special,or unanticipated focus is called A)field choice.
B)population selection.
C)sampling.
D)field selection.
Q4) A focus group is usually conducted by telephone.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What is the difference between jotted notes and direct observational notes?
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Chapter 11: Looking at the Past and Across Cultures
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Sample Questions
Q1) It is wise to pull all data into one spot and let it be for a while before sorting.This helps the researcher to remain objective.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A survey conducted in several countries is called a(n)______ survey.
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a similarity between H-C research and field research?
A)They incorporate an individual researcher's point of view as part of the research process.
B)They focus on quantitative methods to achieve results.
C)They focus on processes,time passage,and sequence.
D)They use grounded theory.
Q4) Historical-comparative research does not require a researcher to follow a fixed set of steps;however,it involves several processes that typically START with A)conceptualizing the issue.
B)acquiring the necessary background.
C)locating and evaluating the evidence.
D)organizing the evidence.
Q5) ______ sources are created in the past and have survived to the present.
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Chapter 12: Writing a Research Report
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Sample Questions
Q1) Funding agencies typically release an announcement that they are accepting research proposals for possible funding called a what?
A)money request
B)request for protocols
C)request for proposals
D)request for work
Q2) A researcher can demonstrate an ability to complete a proposed qualitative project in what two ways?
Q3) Three steps in the writing process include prewriting,rewriting,and what?
A)integrating data
B)calculating
C)data processing
D)composing
Q4) An essential part of the research process,where the researcher communicates the results of her study,is the
A)final speech.
B)congratulatory party.
C)research report.
D)report card.
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