Research Methods in Criminal Justice Exam Practice Tests
Course Introduction
This course provides a comprehensive introduction to the research methods commonly used in the field of criminal justice. Students will explore quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods approaches to investigating issues such as crime patterns, law enforcement practices, corrections, and the broader criminal justice system. Topics include research design, sampling techniques, data collection strategies, survey construction, ethical considerations, and data analysis. The course also emphasizes critical evaluation of published research and the application of research findings to policy-making and professional practice within criminal justice settings. By the end, students will develop the skills necessary to conduct independent research and interpret empirical studies relevant to contemporary criminal justice challenges.
Recommended Textbook
Essentials of Research Methods for Criminal Justice 3rd Edition by Frank E. Hagan
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Criminal Justice
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Sample Questions
Q1) Martinson later retracted his "nothing works" critique of corrections research.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Martinson's review of criminal justice programs concluded that "nothing works".
A)True
B)False Answer: True
Q3) Martinson felt that most criminal justice programs worked well in preventing crime.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Specific statements or predictions regarding the relation ship between two variables is known as a:
A) variable
B) concept
C) theory
D) hypothesis
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Ethics in Criminal Justice Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) The text takes the point of view that some privacy invasion is inevitable in criminal justice research.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) In reality science itself is amoral, ethically neutral.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Federal procedures for prior review of human subjects re search is evidence of failure of professional associations to have won public trust.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
Q4) Rik Scarce, author of Eco-Warriors while threatened with incarceration for refusal to reveal subjects was never actually jailed.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: Research Design: the Experimental Model and Its Variations
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Sample Questions
Q1) A spurious relationship is a pretend or false relationship.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Experiments are excellent in controlling for internal validity.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Which of the following is not an example of a longitudinal design?
A) trend
B) cohort
C) ex post facto
D) panel
Answer: C
Q4) The group that does not receive the treatment in an experiment is called:
A) experimental group
B) control group
C) matched group
D) random group
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: The Uniform Crime Reports and Sampling
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Sample Questions
Q1) The expression of crime in rates per certain units of popu lation enables a fair comparison of different size units.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The number of state UCR programs has increased since the sixties.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The primary concern in selecting samples is that the samples are of/from the population:
A) different from
B) longitudinal characteristics of C) representative of D) operationalizations of
Q4) In surveys, statistics can be used to control for rival causal factors after the fact.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Give some examples from criminal justice and criminology of research that has been conducted using different types of data gathering strategies.
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Chapter 5: Survey Research: Questionnaires
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Drug Use Forecasting Program, while innovative, lacks any means of validation.
A)True
B)False
Q2) It is generally a good idea to organize the questionnaire by beginning with standard demographic items such as age and sex.
A)True
B)False
Q3) scales are a series of questions that measure truth fulness of respondents in answering a survey.
Q4) The expected level of response to a mail survey with one mailing is approximately 75 percent.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A is a reconnaissance operation or exploratory testing of the instrument using subjects who are similar to the group to be studied.
Q6) The major problem with mail surveys is cost.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Survey Research: Interviews and Telephone Surveys
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Sample Questions
Q1) The dark figure of crime was found to include a large number of unresolved murders.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The National Crime Victimization Survey employs what type of sampling?
A) simple random
B) snowball
C) stratified, multistage, cluster
D) cluster
Q3) _________________ is the name (or acronym) for the use of computers in conducting telephone interviews.
Q4) The purpose of the crime panel with repeat interviews every six months is to bound or provide a benchmark for crime reports.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A major advantage of internet surveys over other types of surveys is that they are inexpensive if not free.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Participant Observation and Case Studies
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ABA single subject design is an example of a reversal design.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Discuss some of the major arguments that have been presented against quantitative studies such as surveys and experiments in criminal justice.Do you agree or disagree with these arguments? Explain.
Q3) The text took the point of view that the only perfect research is no research.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The "Chicago School of Sociology" in the twenties was a leading advocate of field studies.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Single subject designs are more practical for clinical service providers than group designs.
A)True
B)False
Q6) In single subject designs, the time interval is usually divided into A (the _________________ period) and B (the _________________ period).
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Unobtrusive Measures, Secondary Analysis, and the
Uses of Official Statistics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following was not identified as an advantage of unobtrusive measures?
A) nonreactivity
B) superior to experiments
C) more natural d avoids overreliance on attitudinal data
Q2) The best test of the usefulness of a content analysis scheme is its replicability.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Mechanical aids should generally be avoided in unobtrusive measurement.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The subsequent explanation of the true purposes of deceptive research to participants is called:
A) debriefing
B) replication
C) recapitulation
D) meta-analysis
Q5) _________________ is the systematic classification and study of the content of mass media.
10
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Chapter 9: Validity, Reliability, and Triangulated Strategies
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the ADAM Program prisoners are forced to supply urine specimens in order to test for drug usage.
A)True
B)False
Q2) _________________ validity is concerned with whether each element or question measures the concept in question.
Q3) _________________ validity refers to the accuracy of an instrument in forecasting future events.
Q4) _________________ asks the question, "Does my measuring instrument in fact measure what it claims to measure?"
Q5) A type of validation procedure which concludes, "It appears as if I am measuring the phenomenon correctly," is a description of what type of validity?
A) face
B) content
C) construct
D) pragmatic
Q6) _________________ validity asks whether the measuring instrument works in predicting present characteristics.
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Chapter 10: Scaling and Index Construction
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Sample Questions
Q1) It is best for a researcher to develop their own attitude scales rather than rely upon those developed by others.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Crime seriousness scores are assigned to criminal incidents on the basis of scores or weights assigned to descriptions of such incidents by selected groups of respondents.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Q sort methodology is a variation of the Thurstone method in which the respondents themselves sort items.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In Guttman scales, the ability of the total score to predict the exact pattern of response is known as:
A) replication
B) reiteration
C) reproducibility
D) retrogradability
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Chapter 11: Policy Analysis and Evaluation Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) Evaluation research:
A) was begun with legislation creating LEAA in 1968
B) is quite different methodologically from the standard research methods discussed in the text
C) measures the effects of a program in terms of its specific goals
D) is relatively inexpensive and quick
Q2) An investigation as to whether activities are related to inputs is known as:
A) process evaluation
B) impact evaluation
C) needs assessment
D) monitoring
Q3) _________________ research is applied social science research which is intended to guide public policy.
Q4) Discuss the general steps involved in evaluation research. How do these differ in focus from the general steps in standard research Projects?
Q5) What are some concerns a researcher should address before deciding or agreeing to conduct an evaluation?
Q6) A _________________ model views programs as an interrelated process of inputs, programs, and outputs.
Page 13
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