Research Methods in Business Solved Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Research Methods in Business introduces students to the fundamental principles and techniques used to conduct systematic investigations within the business context. The course covers the research process, formulation of research problems, literature review, research design, data collection methods (qualitative and quantitative), sampling strategies, and data analysis techniques. Emphasis is placed on ethical considerations in research, the use of statistical tools, interpretation of results, and effective communication of research findings. By the end of the course, students will be able to design and execute research projects that inform managerial decision-making and solve real-world business challenges.
Recommended Textbook
Applied Statistics in Business and Economics 5th Edition by David Doane
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Chapter 1: Overview of Statistics
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Q1) Which of the following statements is not true?
A)Statistics helps refine theories through ongoing hypothesis testing.
B)Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, analyzing, interpreting, and presenting data.
C)Estimating parameters is an important aspect of descriptive statistics.
D)Statistical challenges include imperfect data and practical constraints.
Answer: C
Q2) A business data analyst needs a PhD in statistics.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Statistics can help you handle either too little or too much information.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) Inconsistent treatment of data by a researcher is a symptom of poor survey or research design.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Data Collection
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Sample Questions
Q1) A Likert scale with an even number of scale points between "Strongly Agree" and "Strongly Disagree":
A)cannot have equal scale distances.
B)is intended to prevent "neutral" choices.
C)must have a verbal label on each scale point.
D)is rarely used in surveys.
Answer: B
Q2) A good Likert scale may not have:
A)unequal distances between scale points.
B)an odd number of scale points.
C)a verbal label on each scale point.
D)verbal anchors at its end points.
Answer: A
Q3) Which variable is least likely to be regarded as ratio data?
A)Length of time required for a randomly chosen vehicle to cross a toll bridge (minutes)
B)Weight of a randomly chosen student (pounds)
C)Number of fatalities in a randomly chosen traffic disaster (persons)
D)Student's evaluation of a professor's teaching (Likert scale)
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Describing Data Visually
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Sample Questions
Q1) A pie chart can generally be used instead of a bar chart.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Which is a reason for using a log scale for time series data?
A)It helps compare growth in time series of dissimilar magnitude.
B)General business audiences find it easier to interpret a log scale.
C)On a log scale, equal distances represent equal dollar amounts.
D)The axis labels are usually easier to read in log units.
Answer: A
Q3) If you have 256 data points, how many classes (bins) would Sturges' Rule suggest?
A)6
B)7
C)8
D)9
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Descriptive Statistics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is not a characteristic of the standard deviation?
A)It is always the square root of the variance.
B)It is not applicable when data are continuous.
C)It can be calculated when the data contain negative or zero values.
D)Its physical interpretation is not as easy as the MAD.
Q2) The midrange is not greatly affected by outliers.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Three randomly chosen Seattle students were asked how many round trips they made to Canada last year. Their replies were 3, 4, 5. The geometric mean is:
A)3.877.
B)4.000.
C)3.915.
D)4.422.
Q4) Which is not true of the Empirical Rule?
A)It applies to any distribution.
B)It can be applied to fewer distributions than Chebyshev's Theorem.
C)It assumes that the distribution of data follows a bell-shaped, normal curve.
D)It predicts more observations within ± k than Chebyshev's Theorem.The
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Chapter 5: Probability
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Q1) P(A | B) is the joint probability of events A and B divided by the probability ofA.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The following table gives a classification of the 10,000 shareholders of Oxnard Xylophone Distributors, Inc. A few numbers are missing from the table. Given that a shareholder holding 500-999 shares is picked, there is a 0.625 probability that the shareholder will be a woman. Consequently, what is the number of men holding 1000 or more shares? \(\begin{array}{|r|r|r|r|r|}
\hline \text { Shareholders } &{-499} & 500-999 & 1,000+ &\text { Total }\\
\hline \text { Men } &3,000 & & &4,000\\
\hline \text { Women } &2,000 & & &4,800\\
\hline \text { Joint Accounts} &0 & 1,000 & 200 &1,200\\
\hline \text { Total } &5,000 & 4,000 & 1,000& 10,000 \\
\hline
\end{array}\)
A)1,000
B)250
C)7,500
D)500
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Chapter 6: Discrete Probability Distributions
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Sample Questions
Q1) When you send out a resume, the probability of being called for an interview is .20. What is the expected number of resumes you send out until you get the first interview?
A)5
B)7
C)10
D)12
Q2) The discrete random variable X is the number of students that show up for Professor Smith's office hours on Monday afternoons. The table below shows the probability distribution for X. What is the expected value E(X) for this distribution? \[\begin{array} { l
c c c c r }
X & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 & \text { Total } \\
P ( X ) & 40 & 30 & 20 & 10 & 1.00
\end{array}\] A)1.2 B)1.0
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Chapter 7: Continuous Probability Distributions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is the correct Excel formula for the 80<sup>th</sup> percentile of a distribution that is N(475, 33)?
A)=NORM.DIST(80,475,33,1)
B)=NORM.INV(0.80,475,33)
C)=NORM.S.INV((80-475)/33)
Q2) In a T-F exam with 100 questions, passing requires a score of at least 60. What is the approximate normal probability that a "guesser" will score at least 60 points?
A).0287
B).4713
C).0251
D).0377
Q3) The number of lightning strikes in a day in Miami is a continuous random variable. A)True B)False
Q4) The area under a normal curve is 1 only if the distribution is standardized N(0, 1). A)True B)False
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Chapter 8: Sampling Distributions and Estimation
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Central Limit Theorem says that, if n exceeds 30, the population will be normal.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is not a characteristic of the t distribution?
A)It is a continuous distribution.
B)It has a mean of 0.
C)It is a symmetric distribution.
D)It approaches z as degrees of freedom decrease.
Q3) The standard error of the sample proportion does not depend on the confidence level.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The confidence level refers to the procedure used to construct the confidence interval, rather than to the particular confidence interval we have constructed.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Why does pose a problem for sample size calculation for a mean? How can be approximated when it is unknown?
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Chapter 9: One-Sample Hypothesis Tests
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Q1) The power curve plots on the Y-axis and the test statistic on the X-axis.
A)True
B)False
Q2) If we desire = .10, then a p-value of .13 would lead us to reject the null hypothesis.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is not a characteristic of the t distribution?
A)It is a continuous distribution.
B)It has a mean of zero.
C)It a symmetric distribution.
D)It is similar to the z distribution when n is small.
Q4) High power in a hypothesis test about one sample mean is likely to be associated with:
A)small sample size.
B)low .
C)large .
D)small .
Q5) Why is it better to say "fail to reject H<sub>0</sub>" instead of "accept H<sub>0</sub>"?
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Chapter 10: Two-Sample Hypothesis Tests
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Sample Questions
Q1) Group 1 has a mean of 13.4 and group 2 has a mean of 15.2. Both populations are known to have a variance of 9.0 and each sample consists of 18 items. What is the test statistic to test for equality of population means?
A)-1.755
B)-1.643
C)-1.800
D)-1.285
Q2) John wants to compare two means. His sample statistics were \(\bar
22.7 , s _ { 1 } ^ { 2 } = 5.4 , n _ { 1 } = 9\) and \(\bar { x } _ { 2 } = 20.5 , s _
3.6 , n _ { 2 } = 9\) . Assuming equal variances, the test statistic is:
A)2.37
B)2.20
C)1.96
D)Must know ? to answer.
Q3) The Welch-Satterthwaite test is more conservative than the pooled variance test to compare two population means with unknown variances in independent samples.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Analysis of Variance
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Q1) It is desirable, but not necessary, that sample sizes be equal in a one-factor ANOVA.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What are the degrees of freedom for Hartley's test statistic for a one-factor ANOVA with n<sub>1</sub> = 5, n<sub>2</sub> = 8, n<sub>3</sub> = 7, n<sub>4</sub> = 8, n<sub>5</sub> = 6, n<sub>6</sub> = 8?
A)7, 6
B)6, 6
C)6, 41
Q3) In an ANOVA, the SSE (error) sum of squares reflects:
A)the effect of the combined factor(s).
B)the overall variation in Y that is to be explained.
C)the variation that is not explained by the factors.
D)the combined effect of treatments and sample size.
Q4) Variation "within" the ANOVA treatments represents:
A)random variation.
B)differences between group means.
C)differences between group variances.
D)the effect of sample size.
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Chapter 12: Simple Regression
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Sample Questions
Q1) A local trucking company fitted a regression to relate the travel time (days) of its shipments as a function of the distance traveled (miles). The fitted regression is Time = -7.126 + .0214 Distance, based on a sample of 20 shipments. The estimated standard error of the slope is 0.0053. Find the critical value for a right-tailed test to see if the slope is positive, using = .05.
A)2.101
B)2.552
C)1.960
D)1.734
Q2) Outliers can be detected by examining the standardized residuals.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A news network stated that a study had found a positive correlation between the number of children a worker has and his or her earnings last year. You may conclude that:
A)people should have more children so they can get better jobs.
B)the data are erroneous because the correlation should be negative.
C)causation is in serious doubt.
D)statisticians have small families.
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Chapter 13: Multiple Regression
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Sample Questions
Q1) Non-normal residuals lead to biased estimates of the coefficients in a regression model.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A multiple regression analysis with two independent variables yielded the following results in the ANOVA table: SS(Total) = 798, SS(Regression) = 738, SS(Error) = 60. The multiple correlation coefficient is:
A).2742
B).0752
C).9248
D).9617
Q3) In a multiple regression with five predictors in a sample of 56 U.S. cities, we would use F<sub>5,50</sub> in a test of overall significance.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A multiple regression with 60 observations should not have 13 predictors.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Time Series Analysis
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement is correct regarding forecasting using an exponential smoothing model?
A)A model with low is more responsive to new data than a model with high .
B)Increasing will typically increase the forecast accuracy.
C)As increases, more weight is put on recent data.
D)When data have an upward trend, the forecasts will have an upward bias.
Q2) Over long periods of time, multiplicative time-series models may be favored over additive time-series models, because the data magnitude often changes over time.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The quadratic model can never have more than one turning point (peaks or troughs).
A)True
B)False
Q4) A multiplicative time-series model Y = T × C × S × I becomes an additive model if we take the logarithm of each side of the equation.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: Chi-Square Tests
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Q1) For a chi-square goodness-of-fit test for a uniform distribution with 7 categories, we would use the critical value for 6 degrees of freedom.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A proofreader checked 160 ads for grammatical errors. The sample frequency distribution is shown: \[\begin{array} { | l | c | c | c | c | }
\hline \text { Number of Errors } & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 \\
\hline \text { Observed Frequency } & 10 & 65 & 71 & 14 \\
\hline
\end{array}\] Using a goodness-of-fit test to determine whether this distribution is uniform would result in a chi-square test statistic of approximately: A)55.
B)79.
C)85.
D) 161.
Q3) The chi-square test is based on the analysis of frequencies.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: Nonparametric Tests
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Sample Questions
Q1) Spearman's rank correlation always lies within the range -1.00 to +1.00.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The Wilcoxon signed-rank test is analogous to a parametric two-sample t test of means from independent samples.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The Kruskal-Wallis test does not require normal populations, but it does require them to be of similar shape.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The Wilcoxon signed-rank test is analogous to a one-sample parametric test of a mean.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The Friedman test requires groups of equal size.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 17: Quality Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is not a characteristic of Total Quality Management?
A)Employee empowerment
B)Reduction of waste
C)Continuous improvement
D)Reducing the C<sub>p</sub> index
Q2) Statistical process control charts (SPC charts) are attributed to Shewhart.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which statistician developed the 14 Points of Quality?
A)Juran
B)Deming
C)Taguchi
D)Ishikawa
Q4) Which of the following is most likely the cause of a level shift in a SPC chart?
A)Tool wear
B)A new worker
C)Temperature fluctuations
D)Alternating samples from two machines
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