Religious Diversity
Chapter Exam Questions
Course Introduction
This course explores the multifaceted landscape of religious diversity, examining the beliefs, practices, histories, and cultural expressions of various religious traditions worldwide. Students will analyze how religious identities shape and are shaped by social, political, and historical contexts, considering issues such as interfaith dialogue, religious pluralism, and the challenges and opportunities posed by religious coexistence in contemporary societies. Emphasis will be placed on developing an informed, respectful understanding of traditions both familiar and unfamiliar, fostering critical thinking and intercultural competence in an increasingly interconnected world.
Recommended Textbook Religions of the World 13th Edition by Lewis
M. Hopfe
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12 Chapters
380 Verified Questions
380 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Native American Religions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the best way to describe the purpose of Native American ceremonies and rituals?
A) They are performed to chase away evil spirits.
B) They are a means of communicating with the deceased.
C) They are a means of renewing the partnership between humans and the spirit world.
D) They are performed to bring rain to the earth.
Answer: C
Q2) What group appeals to Native Americans because its members believe that Native Americans are children of the lost tribes of Israel and that Jesus preached in the Americas after his resurrection?
A) Mormons
B) Jehovah's Witnesses
C) Catholic missionaries
D) Jews
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: African Religions
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the most common leaders/specialists in African religions is the A) high priest.
B) curer.
C) governor.
D) tribe leader.
Answer: B
Q2) Hinduism, Buddhism, and Baha'i were brought to Africa in the nineteenth century by A) missionaries.
B) lay people.
C) immigrants.
D) nuns and priests.
Answer: C
Q3) What was the result of the end of colonialism for Africa?
A) Africa was broken up into more than forty nations.
B) Africa became a haven for practitioners of sorcery.
C) Africa became a popular location for expatriate British people.
D) Tribal life became more entrenched.
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Hinduism
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Sample Questions
Q1) William Carey, a nineteenth-century British missionary, objected to the practice of surviving Indian widows dying on their dead husbands' funeral pyres called A) suttee
B) Holi
C) Dasehra
D) varnas
Answer: A
Q2) The Bhagavad Gita is an epic poem about A) the creation of the world.
B) a great battle.
C) a great flood.
D) the coming of Lakshmi at the end of time.
Answer: B
Q3) Both Jainism and Buddhism rejected the Vedic system of A) asceticism.
B) foundations.
C) sacrifice.
D) gods.
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Buddhism
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Sample Questions
Q1) Buddhism began as an interpretation of what religious system?
A) Christianity
B) Hinduism
C) Islam
D) Shinto
Q2) Discuss Buddhism from a historical perspective, tracking its movements, changes, and slips into quiescence. Discuss the reasons for the strong Buddhist presence today in the world.
Q3) What did the Buddha teach about the soul, the gods, and animal sacrifice? Explain his teachings on these points incorporating his understanding of Nirvana.
Q4) What is one characteristic of early Buddhism concerning women that differs from orthodox Hinduism and Jainism?
A) separation of women from religious practice
B) inclusion of women in religious practice
C) belief that women could not attain enlightenment
D) belief that women were all-powerful
Q5) What is the basic religious belief common to all forms of Buddhism? How does it compare to basic Hindu religious beliefs?
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Chapter 5: Sikhism
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Q1) Describe the careers of Kabir, Nanak, Arjan Dev, and Gobind Singh and explain why each is an essential figure in the history of Sikhism.
Q2) What does the word sikh mean?
A) prophet
B) saint
C) godlike
D) disciple
Q3) Which of the following words describes the life of modern-day Sikhs in India?
A) safe
B) precarious
C) powerful
D) pacifist
Q4) Discuss the origin of the Khalsa and describe the rules to which they adhered and why.
Q5) Based on the religious vision of Nanak, Sikhs believe that
A) "There is no Muslim and there is no Hindu."
B) "There is no Hindu and there is no Buddhist."
C) "There is no right and there is no wrong."
D) "There are no Sikhs."
Q6) Describe life for modern-day Sikhs. What challenges do they face and why?
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Jainism
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the disagreement between the Svetambara sect and the Digambara sect regarding the role of women in Jainism. Which sect can claim to more truly adhere to the teachings of Mahavira?
Q2) Why did the Jains separate into two sects by 80 B.C.E., sects that still exist today?
A) They separated because of a land dispute.
B) They separated because they disagreed over what it meant to be a true Jain.
C) They separated over a dispute involving the leadership of the religion.
D) They separated over a dispute involving the role of children in the religion.
Q3) Because of their doctrine of ahimsa, Jains are
A) vegetarians.
B) farmers.
C) soldiers.
D) biologists.
Q4) What is one way Jains worship at home?
A) They recite the names of the saints from the past.
B) They cook elaborate meals with special foods.
C) They erect altars to their ancestors.
D) They dress in special clothing.
Q5) Discuss the basic Jain teachings. Give examples of them in the life of Mahavira.
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Chapter 7: Chinese Religions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Cultural Revolution repressed
A) all religions.
B) no religions.
C) only native Chinese religions.
D) only Western religions.
Q2) One thing the Daoists absorbed from the Buddhists was
A) the pattern of monasticism.
B) the pattern of asceticism.
C) vegetarianism.
D) a belief in nature's power.
Q3) This group, part of the major school of thought that emerged in addition to the Daoists, believed that human nature demanded strong leadership because it tended to be wicked and lazy.
A) the Confucians
B) the Legalists
C) the Mohists
D) the Neo-Daos
Q4) Describe the political difficulties facing religions in China today.
Q5) Describe the basic philosophy of the Daodejing and discuss how this text developed over centuries.
9
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Chapter 8: Shinto
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are the three forms of Shinto and how are they similar? Different?
Q2) In Japanese mythology, who is the chief of the spirits?
A) Daimon
B) Amaterasu
C) Izanagi
D) Ryobu
Q3) Which of the following is true of Japan?
A) It is among the youngest cultures of all Asian nations.
B) The actual recorded history of Japanese worship dates back to prehistoric times.
C) The Japanese became known to other nations around the first century C.E.
D) The Japanese began to keep historical records in the sixteenth century C.E.
Q4) What is the most widely celebrated holiday in Japan?
A) Buddha's birthday
B) All Souls' Day
C) Autumn Festival
D) Japanese New Year
Q5) Discuss the Chinese influence on Shinto and what kind of effects Buddhism, Daoism, and Confucianism had on the development of Shinto.
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Chapter 9: Judaism
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Sample Questions
Q1) This movement resulted when Theodor Herzl and others called for a Jewish state because they believed that until the Jews had a land of their own, they would never receive fair treatment.
A) Zionism
B) Hasidism
C) Orthodox Judaism
D) Colonialism
Q2) When the criminal enormity of the Holocaust was made public during the Nuremberg trials, it was one of the primary causes of
A) increased immigration to the United States.
B) the rebuilding of the synagogues throughout Europe.
C) the development of Israel as a nation.
D) restitution and restoration for the victims and their families.
Q3) The first temple was destroyed in 586 B.C.E. when
A) the Jews rebelled against God, and God lashed out in anger against them.
B) the Jews lost a war to the Assyrian Empire.
C) the Romans invaded and besieged Jerusalem.
D) the Babylonians invaded and carried the Jews off into the exile.
Q4) Explain the value of the synagogue to Jews of the Diaspora.
Q5) Discuss the Diaspora and the impact it had on the development of Judaism.
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Christianity
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Sample Questions
Q1) To remember the wise men who came to Bethlehem to find the infant Jesus, Western Christianity celebrates A) Advent.
B) Christmas.
C) Pentecost.
D) Epiphany.
Q2) Opposition to Jesus and the responsibility for his death came mainly from within the body of Jewish leadership, especially from the party of the A) Pharisees.
B) Sadducees.
C) Philistines.
D) Zealots.
Q3) The first Roman emperor to support Christianity was A) Augustine.
B) Augustus Caesar.
C) Constantine.
D) Ambrose.
Q4) Is Jesus a historical or spiritual figure? Explain your answer.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Islam
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Sample Questions
Q1) Many Africans turned to Islam as a response to A) slavery.
B) colonialism.
C) Judaism.
D) Arab invasion.
Q2) In the early years of Islam, how were caliphs chosen?
A) by the Council of Caliphs
B) by nepotism
C) by election
D) by birthright
Q3) The Hijira is the
A) journey from Mecca to Yathrib.
B) pagan shrine in Medina destroyed by Muhammad.
C) doctrine of prayer according to Muhammad.
D) name of a month-long fast.
Q4) Muslim beliefs concerning heaven and hell are
A) dissimilar to those of Jewish eschatological schemes.
B) dissimilar to those of Christian eschatological schemes.
C) similar to both Jewish and Christian eschatological schemes.
D) completely unique.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Bahai
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the daily life of the Baha'i in terms of prayer and worship. Also, summarize Baha'i worship on a more general level in terms of who performs the worship, where it is performed, and the general organization of the faith.
Q2) The Baha'i calendar is made up of
A) ten months.
B) fifteen months.
C) sixteen months.
D) nineteen months.
Q3) How does Baha'i teaching on the essential oneness of humanity compare to the perspectives of other religions on the same topic?
Q4) Baha'u'llah taught that this is a necessary condition for world peace and stability.
A) meditation
B) education
C) dialogue
D) debate
Q5) Summarize Baha'u'llah's teachings and the basic beliefs of Baha'i.
Q6) Describe how Ali Muhammad and Husayn Ali became "gate of faith" and "glory of God" respectively.
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