Rehabilitation Techniques
Midterm Exam
Course Introduction
This course introduces students to the principles and practices of rehabilitation techniques used in various healthcare settings. It covers foundational concepts such as assessment, goal setting, and development of individualized intervention plans for patients with physical, neurological, or developmental conditions. Emphasis is placed on therapeutic exercises, manual therapy, assistive devices, functional training, and evidence-based approaches to restore mobility, enhance strength, and promote independence. Students will gain insight into interdisciplinary collaboration, patient education, and the latest advancements in rehabilitative technology, preparing them for practical application in clinical environments.
Recommended Textbook
Therapeutic Modalities 4th Edition by Chad
Starkey
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19 Chapters
380 Verified Questions
380 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Injury Response Process
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following represents macrotrauma? Select all that apply.
A) Sprain
B) Stress fracture
C) Muscle soreness
D) Fracture
E) Strain
Answer: A,D,E
Q2) According to the general adaptation syndrome,what is the correct order of the three stages of stress response?
A) Alarm,resistance,exhaustion
B) Resistance,alarm,excitement
C) Exhaustion,excitement,alarm
D) Resistance,exhaustion,excitement
Answer: A
Q3) What type of afferent peripheral nerve is a muscle spindle?
A) Ia
B) Ib
C) II
D) III
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: The Physiology and Psychology of Pain
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which therapeutic modality has the ability to alter cell membrane permeability and thus alter the rate of nerve depolarization?
A) Cold packs
B) Therapeutic ultrasound
C) Electrical stimulation
D) Intermittent compression
Answer: B
Q2) Which statements are true regarding the afferents responsible for transmitting pain? Select all that apply.
A) The fibers that transmit pain are A-beta and C fibers.
B) The fibers are heavily myelinated.
C) A-delta fibers give ability to localize pain to a specific spot.
D) Both types of fibers respond to mechanical pressure and temperature extremes.
E) Pain originating from C fibers is referred to as "fast" pain.
Answer: C,D
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4
Chapter 3: Development and Delivery of Intervention Strategies
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Sample Questions
Q1) The problem-solving approach to developing an intervention strategy is a logic-based technique that uses what components? Select all that apply.
A) Clinical examination findings
B) Patient's long-term goals
C) Best available evidence
D) Cost of the interventions
E) Supplies of the facility
Answer: A,B,C
Q2) Which of the following goals is quantifiable and measures function?
A) Increase passive dorsiflexion by 2 degrees
B) Increase active dorsiflexion
C) Increase active dorsiflexion to allow patient to climb stairs unassisted
D) Increase active assistive dorsiflexion
Answer: C
Q3) Which is most useful when determining the efficacy of an intervention?
A) Minimum detectable change
B) Minimally clinically important change
C) Maximum detectable change
D) Maximally clinically important change
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Administrative Considerations
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement is accurate in its description of direct access?
A) Third-party reimburses will always reimburse in a state that is granted direct access.
B) Professions granted direct access typically do not require a physician's referral.
C) Cold packs,moist heat packs,and whirlpools typically require a prescription in states without direct access.
D) Phonophoresis and iontophoresis do not require a prescription if the profession is granted direct access.
Q2) Where is the ideal location for the ON-OFF switch to a whirlpool motor?
A) Within reach of the patient in the tub
B) Out of reach of the patient in the tub
C) Mounted on top of the tub's motor
D) It does not matter where the ON-OFF switch is located.
Q3) What is the highest form of state regulation?
A) Licensure
B) Certification
C) Registration
D) Exemption
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Chapter 5: Thermal Modalities
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Sample Questions
Q1) When comparing heat and cold,which of the following accurately describes the effect of heat treatments?
A) Decreased cell wastes
B) Decreased blood flow
C) Increased fluid viscosity
D) Increased capillary permeability
Q2) Based on the practical evidence,which cold application is more effective at decreasing sensory and motor nerve conduction velocity?
A) Cold water immersion
B) Ice pack application
C) Ice massage
D) Immersion,ice pack,and ice massage have the same effect.
Q3) Which local response will occur as the body responds to heat loss from cryotherapy?
A) Vasodilation
B) Decreased metabolic rate
C) Increased inflammation
D) Increased pain
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Chapter 6: Clinical Application of Thermal Modalities
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Sample Questions
Q1) What type of whirlpool should be used when utilizing the technique for wound cleansing or debridement?
A) Tile tub
B) Spa-type tub
C) Stainless sub
D) In-ground tub
Q2) When examining and cleaning a whirlpool,what should be completed annually? Select all that apply.
A) Check the ground fault interrupter
B) Have whirlpool turbine inspected
C) Calibrate the tub's thermometer
D) Clean exterior surface of the tub
E) Disinfect the interior surface of the tub
Q3) Ice massage can be an effective cold treatment in which injury?
A) Gastrocnemius muscle spasm
B) Hamstring strain
C) Ankle ligament sprain
D) Fibular stress fracture
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8
Chapter 7: Therapeutic Ultrasound
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Sample Questions
Q1) How large of a treatment area can be effectively exposed to ultrasonic energy?
A) Slightly larger than the diameter of the sound head
B) Slightly smaller than the diameter of the sound head
C) Equivalent to the diameter of the sound head
D) Significantly larger than the diameter of the sound head
Q2) Which tissues and structures are highly reflective of ultrasound energy? Select all that apply.
A) Interface between soft tissue and bone
B) Musculotendinous junction
C) Intermuscular interfaces
D) Adipose tissue
E) Skin
Q3) Which medications commonly administered via phonophoresis target nerves,muscles,and subcutaneous tissues? Select all that apply.
A) Hydrocortisone
B) Dexamethasone 0.4 percent
C) Myoflex
D) Lidocaine
E) Benzydamine
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Clinical Application of Therapeutic Ultrasound
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following structures should be treated with 3-MHz ultrasound? Select all that apply.
A) Patellar tendon
B) Medial collateral ligament
C) Brachialis
D) Vastus intermedius
E) Rotator cuff
Q2) According to the practical evidence,which of the following is one of the most common errors when applying therapeutic ultrasound?
A) Treating too small an area
B) Using too long of a treatment duration
C) Selecting the wrong output frequency
D) Selecting an output intensity that is too low
Q3) Which coupling methods are best suited to treat an irregular area such as the talocrural joint?
A) Direct coupling and bladder technique
B) Bladder technique and immersion technique
C) Immersion technique and direct coupling
D) Direct coupling and pad technique
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Shortwave Diathermy
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Sample Questions
Q1) What type of shortwave diathermy produces heat via the dipole effect?
A) Induction field generators
B) Capacitive field generators
C) Capacitive field generators and induction field generators
D) Neither the capacitive field generators nor the induction field generators
Q2) Which modality offers the longest stretching window post-treatment?
A) Thermal ultrasound
B) Moist heat pack
C) Shortwave diathermy
D) Plug-in heat pack
Q3) What is an accurate statement regarding the heat generated via induction field diathermy?
A) The amount of heat depends only on the strength of the magnetic field.
B) Increasing the distance between the source of the electromagnetic field and the tissue will increase the heating.
C) Heat is produced via the dipole effect.
D) Increased adipose tissue thickness will reduce the rate and magnitude of heating.
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11
Chapter 10: Clinical Application of Shortwave Diathermy
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Sample Questions
Q1) When higher than moderate treatment temperatures are used,how often can patients receive treatments?
A) No more than one every 2 hours
B) No more than 2 every hour
C) No more than one every hour
D) No more than two in 1 day
Q2) At moderate intensities,what is an appropriate treatment duration for shortwave diathermy?
A) 5 to 10 min
B) 10 to 20 min
C) 20 to 30 min
D) 60 min
Q3) How far away should fixtures with significant metal content be placed when treating with shortwave diathermy?
A) At least 50 ft
B) At least 20 ft
C) At least 30 ft
D) At least 40 ft
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12
Chapter 11: Principles of Electrical Stimulation
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Sample Questions
Q1) What two properties are collectively known as impedance? Select all that apply.
A) Inductance
B) Capacitance
C) Resistance
D) Ohm's law
E) Wattage
Q2) When using an alternating current,how many times would a current of 100 Hz change its direction of flow in two seconds?
A) 50
B) 100
C) 150
D) 200
Q3) When using a monophasic current,what parameters are synonymous and refer to the same aspect of the current? Select all that apply.
A) Pulse
B) Waveform
C) Phase
D) Amplitude
E) Pulse duration
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Electrical Stimulation Techniques
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Sample Questions
Q1) Electrical stimulation has little to no effect on which of the following?
A) Inflammatory process
B) Pain control
C) Muscle reeducation
D) Wound healing
Q2) A nerve's response to the electrical stimulation is based on what factor(s)? Select all that apply.
A) Diameter of the nerve
B) Depth of the nerve
C) Phase duration of the current
D) Number of fibers the nerve innervates
E) Ramp of the current intensity
Q3) When attempting to achieve motor-level stimulation,what are the primary pulse characteristics that determine the quality of the muscle contraction? Select all that apply.
A) Pulse rise
B) Phase duration
C) Intensity
D) Pulse frequency
E) Ramp time
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Chapter 13: Clinical Application of Electrical Agents
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Sample Questions
Q1) What feature distinguishes microcurrent from other electrical modalities?
A) Microcurrent does not attempt to excite peripheral nerves.
B) Microcurrent only attempts to excite sensory nerves.
C) Microcurrent only attempts to excite motor nerves.
D) Microcurrent only attempts to excite nociceptive nerves.
Q2) Which of the following are indications for the use of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation? Select all that apply.
A) Acute pain
B) Increasing local blood flow
C) Postsurgical pain
D) Pain of unknown origin
E) Muscle reeducation
Q3) What type of electrical interference occurs when two electrical currents are in perfect phase,meaning the wavelengths are equal and the phases cross the baseline at the same point?
A) Constructive interference
B) Destructive interference
C) Continuous interference
D) Contiguous interference
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Intermittent Compression
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the normal pressure range when using intermittent compression to treat the upper extremity?
A) 30 to 60 mm Hg
B) 10 to 30 mm Hg
C) 60 to 100 mm Hg
D) 100 to 120 mm Hg
Q2) Which statement is true concerning the pressure gradient created by the application of external compression?
A) The gradient between the tissue hydrostatic pressure and the capillary filtration pressure is increased.
B) A second pressure gradient is formed between the higher pressure in the proximal portion and the lower pressure in the distal portion.
C) Elevating the extremity during the treatment does not alter the pressure gradients.
D) Spreading solid edematous matter over a larger area with external compression allows more lymphatic ducts to absorb the wastes.
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16
Chapter 15: Continuous Passive Motion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Robert Salter originally proposed the use of continuous passive motion and hypothesized that its application would be beneficial in which ways? Select all that apply.
A) Enhancing the nutrition and metabolic activity of articular cartilage
B) Stimulating tissue remodeling and regrowth of articular cartilage
C) Accelerating the healing of articular cartilage,tendons,and ligaments
D) Accelerating the healing of muscle tissues
E) Stimulating an increase in muscular strength and metabolic activity
Q2) While continuous passive motion can be used on many different joints,what joint is it predominantly used with?
A) Knee
B) Shoulder
C) Ankle
D) Elbow
Q3) Which of the following is not a benefit realized through the use of continuous passive motion?
A) Increased strength
B) Decreased apprehension to joint movement after surgery
C) Restoration of range of motion
D) Decreased functional shortening of muscle
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Chapter 16: Cervical and Lumbar Traction
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is considered a contraindication to the use of lumbar traction?
A) Nerve root compression
B) Radicular pain
C) Lumbar muscle spasm
D) Extruded disk fragmentation
Q2) In order to open the intervertebral space,approximately what degree of flexion should the cervical spine be placed in?
A) 5 to 10 degrees
B) 15 to 20 degrees
C) 25 to 30 degrees
D) 35 to 40 degrees
Q3) When treating the cervical spine,you should question the patient about sensation in what region(s)of the spine?
A) Cervical
B) Thoracic
C) Lumbar
D) Cervical,thoracic,and lumbar
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18
Chapter 17: Therapeutic Massage
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which modality is considered one of the oldest healing techniques?
A) Massage
B) Moist heat pack
C) Traction
D) Ice
Q2) What type of effleurage stroke encourages blood flow and stimulates the tissues?
A) Light strokes
B) Rapid strokes
C) Deep strokes
D) Slow strokes
Q3) What type of massage uses the thumbs or fingertips to stroke the tissue from opposite directions while targeting the underlying tissue structure to treat trigger points,tendinitis,or postsurgical scars?
A) Transverse friction massage
B) Circular friction massage
C) Sports massage
D) Active release technique of myofascial release
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Chapter 18: Electromyographic Biofeedback
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Sample Questions
Q1) The benefits of biofeedback can be enhanced by performing which of the following? Select all that apply.
A) Educating the patient on the concept of biofeedback
B) Incorporating learning strategies
C) Setting patient goals
D) Providing verbal feedback from the clinician while producing muscle contraction
E) Educating the patient on the physiology of muscle contractions
Q2) What is the correct order of electromyographic biofeedback signal processing?
A) Identify; amplify; rectify; integrate; output
B) Identify; rectify; amplify; integrate; output
C) Identify; amplify; integrate; rectify; output
D) Identify; integrate; amplify; rectify; output
Q3) When compared to standard flexibility exercises,the use of relaxation biofeedback has been shown to significantly increase flexibility in healthy individuals.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 19: Low-Level Laser Therapy
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Sample Questions
Q1) In general,acute conditions are commonly treated with what laser output?
A) Less than 0.5 J/cm<sup>2</sup>
B) Less than 1 J/cm<sup>2</sup>
C) Less than 2 J/cm<sup>2</sup>
D) Less than 3 J/cm<sup>2</sup>
Q2) According to the practical evidence,which type of laser is considered to be the most effective for stimulating tissue healing?
A) Helium-neon
B) Gallium aluminum arsenide
C) Argon
D) Gallium-arsenide
Q3) Laser is often used to assist in the healing of deep wounds,including surgical incisions and severe burns.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What laser wavelength is associated with infrared light?
A) Greater than 780 nm
B) Less than 380 nm
C) 520 nm
D) 670 nm
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