Radiologic Science Fundamentals
Exam Solutions
Course Introduction
Radiologic Science Fundamentals provides an introduction to the basic principles and practices of radiology, including an overview of medical imaging technologies such as X-ray, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound. The course covers essential topics such as radiation physics, image formation, patient positioning, radiographic anatomy, and radiation protection. Students gain an understanding of the roles and responsibilities of radiologic technologists, as well as ethical and safety considerations in clinical settings. This foundation prepares students for further study in the field and emphasizes the importance of accurate imaging in modern healthcare diagnostics.
Recommended Textbook
Digital Radiography An Introduction for Technologists 1st Edition by Euclid Seeram
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10 Chapters
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Chapter 1: Digital Radiography: An Overview
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Sample Questions
Q1) A digital fluoroscopy system consists of very few of the imaging components found in a conventional fluoroscopic imaging system.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Film-based imaging is limited in its ____________________.
Answer: contrast resolution
Q3) While the RIS and HIS handle essentially textual information, specifically dealing with business operations for the entire hospital, the PACS handle images generated by the various ____________________.
Answer: digital imaging modalities
Q4) The application of digital fluoroscopy to angiography is referred to as ____________________.
Answer: digital subtraction angiography
Q5) Direct conversion digital radiography systems use detectors that convert X-rays directly into ____________________.
Answer: electrical signals
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3
Chapter 2: Digital Imaging Processing Concepts
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Sample Questions
Q1) The matrix size has an effect on the detail, or bit depth, of the image.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) A ____ histogram implies more contrast and a ____ histogram will show less contrast.
A) narrow; long
B) wide; narrow
C) narrow; wide
D) wide; long Answer: B
Q3) Digital image pre-processing is a range of techniques that allow the user to change the appearance of a digital image displayed on a monitor for viewing and interpretation.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) The term ___________________ implies that all the pixels in the entire input image are used to change the value of a pixel in the output image.
Answer: global
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Chapter 3: Computed Radiography: Physics and Technology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which image quality descriptor of a digital image is related to the size of the pixels in the image matrix?
A) density resolution
B) DQE
C) spatial resolution
D) artifacts
Answer: C
Q2) Which tool provides visual evaluation of high contrast resolution, low contrast resolution, and artifacts, using appropriate QC software?
A) FCR 1 shot Plus System
B) AAPM densitometer
C) Kodak CR System
D) Agfa CR System
Answer: A
Q3) The maintenance of equipment is an integral part of the daily activities in _____________________ since it is considered a component of a continuous quality improvement program.
Answer: radiology
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Chapter 4: Effective Use of Computed Radiography
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is expressed as pixels/mm, also referred to as pixel density?
A) speed screen
B) digital detector
C) spatial resolution
D) sampling frequency
Q2) ____ are much more susceptible to fogging than are conventional film-screen systems.
A) PSP plates
B) image plates
C) IP plates
D) plate margins
Q3) If the exposure field is not recognized, the off-focus radiation and scatter outside the exposure field become part of the ____________________.
Q4) Because of the light spread between the plate and the light guide, the spatial resolution is less than the ____________________ frequency.
Q5) With cassette-based PSP systems (CR), ____________________ resolution becomes a bit more complicated.
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Chapter 5: Flat-Panel Digital Radiography
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a complex mathematical function that measures the ability of the detector to transfer its spatial resolution characteristics to the image?
A) image lag
B) dynamic range
C) spatial resolution
D) modulation transfer function
Q2) Which of the following images is obtained initially from the detector and contains artifacts due to the bad detector elements?
A) flat-field
B) pre-processed
C) post-processed
D) raw digital
Q3) While the low frequencies contain fine details of the image, high frequencies contain the contrast information in the image.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The ____________________ technology was developed as a dedicated system specifically for imaging the chest.
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Chapter 6: Digital Fluoroscopy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Since the input screen is convex with respect to the X-ray tube, the spatial resolution is much better at the center of the input screen compared to ____.
A) the screen's magnitude
B) the screen's intensification
C) the screen's contrast
D) the screen's periphery
Q2) ____________________ subtraction involves the digital subtraction of images in time.
Q3) In 1983, the ____________________ replaced the TV camera tube in digital fluoroscopy.
Q4) The purpose of ____________________ frame averaging is to reduce the noise present in an image by continuously displaying an image that is created by averaging the current frame with one or more previous frames of digital fluoroscopic image data.
Q5) Recently, 43 cm x 43 cm dynamic FPD has become available for digital fluoroscopy; however, it is still not available for digital radiography.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Digital Mammography
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Sample Questions
Q1) The X-ray tube travels ____ during the exposure to acquire data while the image detector remains stationary.
A) in a horizontal line
B) in a circle
C) in a vertical line
D) in an arc
Q2) The ____________________ is central to a DM imaging system.
Q3) After obtaining which image of the breast are several iodinated contrast images (contrast medium-enhanced)recorded?
A) scout
B) compression
C) contrast
D) stationary
Q4) The CsI phosphor is deposited on top of the a-Si TFT array in a needle-like fashion (to reduce lateral dispersion of light in order to improve image detail)and converts X-rays into images.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Picture Archiving and Communication Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ultimate goal of workflow is to improve patient care and the efficiency of various processes, from patient registration and image acquisition to report generation, archiving, and image/report distribution throughout the health care enterprise.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Joint photographic experts group (JPEG)image compression features either lossy or lossless compression methods.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In the early days of PACS development, FDA approval was not required since PACS was considered accessory equipment to image acquisition modalities.
A)True
B)False
Q4) These definitions imply that PACS is a digital radiology computer-based system or medical device where images acquired from a patient are displayed on monitors for viewing and subsequent digital image ____________________.
Q5) PACS workstations and their use is that of workstation ____________________.
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Chapter 9: Medical Imaging Informatics: An Overview
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Q1) The major components of PACS include digital image acquisition modalities, a computer network database server, an archival system, and a soft-copy display
Q2) ____ serves to connect systems so that they can exchange data.
A) Integration
B) Interfacing
C) Security
D) Recording
Q3) The use of ____________________ for data exchange in imaging informatics is a mandatory concept for radiologists and technologists, as well as related personnel working in the imaging department to understand.
Q4) The early interfaces in imaging informatics were known as point-to-point interfaces because they allowed two systems to ____________________ with each other.
Q5) Hardware is the physical components used to process data and software is the computer programs that direct all hardware components to solve problems and thus derive useful practical solutions.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Quality Control for Digital Radiography
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Q1) ____ analysis is a time-honored method for assessing and improving quality of imaging operations.
A) Reject
B) Residual
C) Signature
D) DR
Q2) Acquiring a ____ image according to the specific conditions of the manufacturer makes it possible to verify uniformity, absence of receptor defects, gain, and the value of the DR exposure indicator.
A) flat-field
B) ghost
C) process map
D) digital
Q3) If erasure is inadequate, the previous exposure is superimposed as ____.
A) reusable image media
B) a ghost image
C) a flat field image
D) shading
Q4) At extremely high contrast, any DR image will appear ____________________.
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