Radiologic Physics
Exam Materials
Course Introduction
Radiologic Physics provides an in-depth understanding of the physical principles underlying the production and detection of ionizing radiation, with a focus on its medical applications. The course explores topics such as atomic structure, the interaction of radiation with matter, X-ray production, image formation, radiation dosimetry, and safety protocols. Emphasis is placed on the practical aspects of radiologic technology, instrumentation, and quality assurance in diagnostic imaging. This foundation equips students with the knowledge necessary for safe, effective, and responsible use of radiologic equipment in clinical settings.
Recommended Textbook
Essentials of Radiographic Physics and Imaging 1st Edition by James Johnston
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16 Chapters
1558 Verified Questions
1558 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction to the Imaging Sciences
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75 Verified Questions
75 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Exposure,dose,and dose equivalent are:
A) fundamental quantities
B) derived quantities
C) radiologic quantities
D) none of the above
Answer: C
Q2) In the SI system the unit of measure for time is:
A) minute
B) second
C) hour
D) day
Answer: B
Q3) Joule is the unit of measure of:
A) power
B) force
C) work
D) momentum
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Structure of the Atom
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Sample Questions
Q1) Each element has an unchanging number of protons.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) The earliest atomic theory based on the arrangement of the solar system is attributed to:
A) Bohr
B) Rutherford
C) Dalton
D) Thomson
Answer: B
Q3) The number of protons in an atom's nucleus is reflected in its:
A) atomic number
B) atomic mass number
C) element
D) compound
Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Electromagnetic and Particulate Radiation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Radio waves are used in:
A) computed tomography
B) ultrasound
C) radiography
D) magnetic resonance imaging
Answer: D
Q2) The beta particle is an electron that is emitted from an outer shell.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) In the formula E = hf,h represents:
A) Planck's constant
B) frequency
C) energy
D) electricity
Answer: A
Q4) All of the electromagnetic radiations are capable of ionizing matter.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: X-Ray Circuit
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147 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A step-down transformer results in:
A) decreased current
B) decreased voltage
C) A and B
D) none of the above
Q2) A 12-volt battery use 12 joules of energy to move:
A) 1 coulomb of charge
B) 2 coulombs of charge
C) 12 coulombs of charge
D) 24 coulombs of charge
Q3) A material that resists the movement of electrons is a(n):
A) ohm
B) insulator
C) conductor
D) inductor
Q4) The property of a circuit that impedes the flow of electrons is:
A) electric current
B) electric potential
C) resistance
D) electrostatics
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Chapter 5: The X-Ray Tube
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Sample Questions
Q1) To get the rotor to move,each pair of stators are energized sequentially.
A)True
B)False
Q2) An x-ray tube with two filaments is called a:
A) two-focus tube
B) dual-focus tube
C) trifocal tube
D) highly specialized tube
Q3) Tungsten is used to coat the anode disc because it:
A) has a low melting point
B) has a low atomic number
C) has a high atomic number
D) does not conduct heat well
Q4) Heat from x-ray production is removed through radiation by the heat traveling from:
A) the tube to the room by cooling fans
B) the tube to heat-tolerant materials
C) the tube to the oil bath
D) none of the above
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Chapter 6: X-Ray Production
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Sample Questions
Q1) A higher energy beam is said to be:
A) soft
B) hard
C) weak
D) powerful
Q2) The y-axis for all emission spectra represents the:
A) energy level of the photons
B) number of photons
C) HVL of the photons
D) penetrability of the radiation
Q3) The remnant radiation that did have an interaction with an anatomic structure is:
A) primary radiation
B) filtered radiation
C) transmitted radiation
D) scattered radiation
Q4) When 65 kVp is set on the operating console,no K-characteristic radiation is produced.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: X-Ray Interactions With Matter
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Sample Questions
Q1) A positron is:
A) the same as an electron
B) a positively charged electron
C) the same as a proton
D) a positively charged neutron
Q2) The x-ray photons that are produced as a result of a characteristic cascade during a Compton interaction:
A) are characteristic x-ray photons
B) are brems x-ray photons
C) are Compton x-ray photons
D) none of the above
Q3) The end product(s)of a photoelectric interaction is (are):
A) a high-energy x-ray photon
B) a photoelectron
C) an ionized atom
D) B and C
Q4) The probability of Compton scattering depends on the energy level of the incident x-ray photon.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Image Production
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66 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Image intensification is part of:
A) a film-screen imaging system
B) a digital imaging system
C) a fluoroscopic imaging system
D) all of the above
Q2) Coherent scattering:
A) is a significant interaction during radiographic imaging
B) has minimal effect on the imaging process
C) never affects the diagnostic image
D) none of the above
Q3) Tissues with higher atomic numbers appear __________ on a digital image.
A) darker
B) lighter
C) brighter
D) less bright
Q4) A low-kilovoltage x-ray beam results in:
A) increased attenuation
B) decreased attenuation
C) no change in attenuation
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Chapter 9: Image Characteristics
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Sample Questions
Q1) The smallest component of the digital image matrix is the:
A) matrix
B) FOV
C) pixel
D) bit depth
Q2) Because overexposure of the digital image receptor typically produces an image with appropriate brightness and no quantum noise,all studies should be done with a little more exposure than needed.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The combination of rows and columns that make up the digital image is the:
A) matrix
B) FOV
C) pixel
D) bit depth
Q4) Increasing exposure intensity results in:
A) more black metallic silver
B) less black metallic silver
C) less optical density
D) B and C
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Radiographic Exposure Technique
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Sample Questions
Q1) Increasing collimation means decreasing the x-ray field size.
A)True
B)False
Q2) If a fixed kVp-variable mAs technique chart indicates that an abdomen measuring 26 cm requires 18 mAs @ 75 kVp,what exposure factors should be used for a 30-cm thick abdomen?
A) 18 mAs @ 85 kVp
B) 22 mAs @ 75 kVp
C) 36 mAs @ 75 kVp
D) 36 mAs @ 83 kVp
Q3) Assuming that all of these produce a similar amount of exit radiation,which of the following exposure factors minimize the radiation dose to the patient?
A) 5 mAs @ 80 kVp
B) 10 mAs @ 70 kVp
C) 20 mAs @ 60 kVp
D) none of the above
Q4) Tube angulation may result in elongation and reduced exposure to the IR.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Scatter Control
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Sample Questions
Q1) The relationship between the height of the lead strips and the distance between them is the grid:
A) number
B) ratio
C) frequency
D) rating
Q2) When there is significant collimation,the amount of radiation reaching the IR is:
A) reduced
B) increased
C) the same
D) none of the above
Q3) The grid is located:
A) just below the x-ray tube window
B) between the patient and IR
C) just below the IR
D) none of the above
Q4) Scatter radiation is of no value in radiographic imaging.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Image Receptors
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167 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The wall between a radiographic room and the darkroom should be lined with lead.
A)True
B)False
Q2) As the operating speed class of a digital system decreases,the image noise _______________ and the patient exposure ________________.
A) increases;increases
B) increases;decreases
C) decreases;increases
D) decreases;decreases
Q3) The DAP is used for cassette-less digital systems and is a measure of the dose to the patient.
A)True
B)False
Q4) According to the Gurney-Mott theory,_____________ are attracted to the sensitivity specks in the silver halide crystal after exposure to light or radiation.
A) electrons
B) metallic silver
C) gelatin
D) silver ions
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Chapter 13: Automatic Exposure Control
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Sample Questions
Q1) With digital imaging using AEC,if an AP thoracic spine is imaged using an outside instead of center detector,the brightness in the area of interest will be __________________ and the quantum noise will be ________________________.(Assume all other factors are appropriate. )
A) light;increased
B) appropriate;decreased
C) appropriate;increased
D) dark;decreased
Q2) If the patient for an AP thoracic spine image is centered so that the spine is not over the top of the detector:
A) the film image will be too dark
B) the film image will be too light
C) the IR will be overexposed
D) A and C
Q3) All APR settings use AEC
A)True
B)False
Q4) Phototimer AEC devices convert the radiation to light energy.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Image Intensified Fluoroscopy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Fluoroscopic equipment should be inspected every:
A) week
B) month
C) 6 months
D) year
Q2) This part of the image intensifier is made of cesium and antimony compounds.
A) input phosphor
B) output phosphor
C) photocathode
D) electrostatic focusing lenses
Q3) Typical fluoroscopic systems have spatial resolution capabilities in the range of:
A) 2-3 Lp/mm
B) 4-6 Lp/mm
C) 7-9 Lp/mm
D) 10-12 Lp/mm
Q4) The purpose of a camera tube or CCD is to record the fluoroscopic image.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: Additional Equipment
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Sample Questions
Q1) This type of radiographic unit is very lightweight and produces a consistent radiation output.
A) battery-powered mobile unit
B) capacitor discharge mobile unit
C) direct-power mobile unit
D) high-frequency mobile unit
Q2) The radiographer should stand at least _________ away from the patient and x-ray tube when making an exposure using mobile radiographic equipment.
A) 2 feet
B) 4 feet
C) 6 feet
D) 10 feet
Q3) The goal of linear tomography is to:
A) sharpen the anatomic structures above and below the level of interest
B) sharpen the anatomic structures within the level of interest
C) blur the anatomic structures above and below the level of interest
D) blur the anatomic structures within the level of interest
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Chapter 16: Computed Tomography
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Sample Questions
Q1) The beam-hardening artifact can be reduced by:
A) setting a lower mA
B) using a computer algorithm
C) increasing the matrix
D) increasing the pitch
Q2) Slices of anatomy that go from side to side are:
A) coronal
B) sagittal
C) axial
Q3) The DAS receives an electrical signal from the detector-photodiode.
A)True
B)False
Q4) An image with a WW of 600 and a WL of -300 produces an image that displays pixels with CT numbers ranging from:
A) -300 to 600
B) -600 to 0
C) -300 to 300
D) -100 to -300
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Page 18