Radiographic Imaging
Textbook Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Radiographic Imaging is a foundational course that explores the principles, techniques, and applications of diagnostic imaging using X-rays. Students will gain an understanding of image formation, image quality factors, equipment operation, radiographic procedures, and safety protocols associated with radiation exposure. The course covers topics such as anatomical positioning, contrast media, digital and conventional radiography, and quality assurance measures. Emphasis is placed on developing skills for producing optimal images while minimizing patient risk, preparing students for further clinical practice in medical imaging environments.
Recommended Textbook
Digital Radiography An Introduction for Technologists 1st Edition by Euclid Seeram
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Digital Radiography: An Overview
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Sample Questions
Q1) The output of computer processing, or the ____, must first be converted into an analog signal before it can be displayed on a monitor for viewing by the observer.
A) digital data
B) binary digit
C) digital image
D) digital processor
Answer: C
Q2) Film-based imaging is limited in its ____________________.
Answer: contrast resolution
Q3) The wide exposure latitude of the ____ will produce acceptable images even when the input exposure is low or high.
A) charge-coupled device
B) digital detector
C) digital image
D) light guide
Answer: B
Q4) A major drawback of CR systems is their limited ability to image detail, also known as ____________________.
Answer: spatial resolution
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Chapter 2: Digital Imaging Processing Concepts
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Q1) Which of the following processing operations is simple and the one most frequently used in digital diagnostic imaging?
A) gray-scale
B) local
C) contrast
D) point
Answer: D
Q2) In radiology, what is the viewing task of the radiologist?
A) Manipulate images.
B) Generate digital images.
C) Assess image quality.
D) Detect pathology.
Answer: D
Q3) The inverse ____________________, denoted by FT -1, is used to transform an image in the frequency domain back to the spatial location domain for viewing by radiologists and technologists.
Answer: Fourier Transform
Q4) In the act of ____________________, the kernel scans across the entire image, pixel by pixel.
Answer: processing
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Computed Radiography: Physics and Technology
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Q1) ____________________ involves both sampling the analog signal and quantization.
Answer: Digitization
Q2) Error correction ensures that equipment not meeting the performance criteria or tolerance limit established for specific QC tests must be replaced or repaired to meet specifications.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) It was in 1983 that commercialization of CR imaging systems for use in diagnostic radiology began, when ____________________ introduced their FCR-101 unit.
Answer: Fuji
Q4) In the past, gas lasers such as a helium-neon (He-Ne)laser were used; however, current CR readers use solid-state laser diodes that emit a red laser beam having wavelengths of about 670-690 nm.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q5) Some IPs have a(n)____________________ for easy identification.
Answer: barcode
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Chapter 4: Effective Use of Computed Radiography
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Sample Questions
Q1) If larger body structures are done 3 on 1, the ____________________ scatter will reduce the contrast unless the unexposed areas are shielded between exposures.
Q2) What is the standard expression for the receptor's contribution to recorded detail?
A) sampling frequency
B) image acquisition
C) saturation
D) spatial resolution
Q3) What does it mean when the photon intensity reaching the receptor is lower than that required to produce an optimal image?
A) dynamic range
B) overexposure
C) underexposure
D) speed class
Q4) Digital image acquisition decouples the relationships between exposure and image appearance via automatic rescaling and image processing algorithms.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Flat-Panel Digital Radiography
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Q1) The ____ is a graph of the contrast plotted as a function of spatial frequency.
A) DQE
B) SNR
C) MTF
D) a-Se
Q2) The flat-panel TFT digital detector is designed as a matrix of detector elements, each of which can be regarded as a(n)____________________.
Q3) The column artifact arising from a bad column of pixels indeed provides a rationale for ongoing ____________________ of the digital imaging system.
Q4) A higher MTF value at a higher spatial frequency means that the detector provides better spatial resolution than lower MTF values at low frequencies.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Flaws include dust, scratches, chemical reactions among the various materials that the detector is made of as well as defective ____________________.
Q6) The narrower the LSF, the better the ____________________ resolution.
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Chapter 6: Digital Fluoroscopy
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Q1) Dynamic FPD detectors were first used in GI tract fluoroscopy and then later in angiography.
A)True
B)False
Q2) ____________________ subtraction involves the digital subtraction of images in time.
Q3) A pre-contrast image, referred to as a(n)____________________ image, is first obtained and post-contrast images are then digitally subtracted from the mask image.
Q4) The ____________________ ratio of an image intensifier tube is the ratio of the image brightness at the periphery to that at the center of the output screen.
Q5) The spatial resolution for a digital fluoroscopic image depends on ____.
A) matrix format
B) mass density
C) pixel size
D) bit depth
Q6) Modern conventional fluoroscopy imaging units use a high frequency generator to ensure efficient production of ____________________.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Digital Mammography
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Q1) ____ is defined as radiography of the breast; it is a prime example of soft tissue radiography, since the breast is composed of soft tissues such as adipose (fat), fibrous, and glandular tissue.
A) Chemical imaging
B) Sonography
C) Breast imaging
D) Mammography
Q2) Image processing algorithms allow the human to pick up initial lesions and suspicious patterns.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Data processing uses rule-based methods and other approaches such as discriminant analysis, artificial neural networks, and the decision-tree method to distinguish between normal and abnormal patterns based on features obtained in qualitative interpretation.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Digital mammography can be used in visualizing ____________________ by using an iodinated contrast medium.
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Chapter 8: Picture Archiving and Communication Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the data transfer rate of the network called?
A) LAN
B) links
C) node
D) bandwidth
Q2) Compression can be either ____________________ compression, or reversible compression, where no information is lost in the process.
Q3) ____________________ serves to combine all the components into a whole system so that they can all communicate with one and other.
Q4) The primary function of the IHE integration profiles is to outline the roles of actors in the DICOM and ____________________ environment.
Q5) The ultimate goal of workflow is to improve patient care and the efficiency of various processes, from patient registration and image acquisition to report generation, archiving, and image/report distribution throughout the health care enterprise.
A)True
B)False
Q6) PACS workstations and their use is that of workstation ____________________.
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Medical Imaging Informatics: An Overview
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Q1) ____ serves to connect systems so that they can exchange data.
A) Integration
B) Interfacing
C) Security
D) Recording
Q2) Hardware is the physical components used to process data and software is the computer programs that direct all hardware components to solve problems and thus derive useful practical solutions.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The use of ____________________ for data exchange in imaging informatics is a mandatory concept for radiologists and technologists, as well as related personnel working in the imaging department to understand.
Q4) Data transmission requires some sort of ____________________ to do the task.
Q5) The increasing growth and utilization of PACS in imaging have provided the need for individuals actively working in a PACS environment to become
Q6) A(n)____________________ is an electronic machine for solving problems through the use of a number of characteristic elements.
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Chapter 10: Quality Control for Digital Radiography
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Q1) Technologists are quick to learn that physicians are less likely to reject overexposed DR images than underexposed DR images.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Having considered specific QC activities that can help monitor and improve image quality, it is useful to construct a table that identifies each QC task and the party responsible for performing the task.What is this table called?
A) gray scale display function
B) task allocation matrix
C) range-of-adjustment
D) modality worklist
Q3) The one test that can and should be done for every DR image is a(n)____________________ assessment of image quality before release.
Q4) ____________________ in DR causes an increase in quantum mottle and a loss of contrast in dense features.
Q5) Human errors tend to be systematic and predictable.
A)True
B)False
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