Radiographic Equipment and Quality Control
Final Exam
Course Introduction
This course explores the fundamental principles and operation of radiographic equipment used in medical imaging, emphasizing the relationship between equipment function and image quality. Topics include the design and function of x-ray tubes, generators, image receptors, and other key components. Students will learn methods for routine testing, performance assessment, and preventative maintenance to ensure optimal equipment operation and diagnostic image quality. The course also covers quality control procedures mandated by regulatory agencies, troubleshooting common technical problems, and the importance of documentation in maintaining safe and effective radiographic practice.
Recommended Textbook
Digital Radiography An Introduction for Technologists 1st Edition by Euclid Seeram
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10 Chapters
500 Verified Questions
500 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Digital Radiography: An Overview
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following makes use of photostimulable or storage phosphors to produce digital images using existing X-ray imaging equipment?
A) DF
B) DM
C) DR
D) CR
Answer: D
Q2) In the production of film-based radiographic images, X-rays pass through the patient and fall upon the film to form a(n)____________________.
Answer: latent image
Q3) For digital radiography, special electronic (digital)detectors are used that replace the X-ray film cassette used in film-based radiography.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) The application of information technology to medical imaging is referred to as
Answer: medical imaging informatics
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Chapter 2: Digital Imaging Processing Concepts
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Sample Questions
Q1) A digital image is made up of numbers; by definition, the range of the numbers is the ____ and the center of the range is defined as the ____.
A) LUT; WW
B) WW; WL
C) WL; WW
D) LUT; WL
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following is intended to reduce noise and the displayed brightness levels of pixels?
A) smoothing
B) convolution
C) filtering
D) masking
Answer: A
Q3) The digital image processing technique of unsharp masking uses the ___________________ image produced from the low-pass filtering process and subtracts it from the original image to produce a sharp image.
Answer: blurred
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4
Chapter 3: Computed Radiography: Physics and Technology
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50 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What does X-ray exposure of the PSP IP create?
A) PSL
B) CR image
C) display image
D) latent image
Answer: D
Q2) Once the fixed stationary IP is exposed, the ____________________ image is acquired using a scanning technology appropriate to the system.
Answer: patent
Q3) To render the latent image visible, the PSP IP is taken to the CR reader/processor to be scanned by a laser beam.What is this process called?
A) photostimulated luminescence
B) absorption
C) florescence
D) photostimulated excitation
Answer: D
Q4) Laser scanning produces a luminescence (light)that is proportional to the stored
Answer: latent image
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Chapter 4: Effective Use of Computed Radiography
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Sample Questions
Q1) Because of the light spread between the plate and the light guide, the spatial resolution is less than the ____________________ frequency.
Q2) The accuracy of the exposure indicators depends on accurate reader calibration and appropriate exposure field recognition.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which exposure causes the system to rescale the image as if the plate is actually underexposed?
A) high-intensity
B) off-focus
C) speed class
D) low-intensity
Q4) The optimal alignment is field-centered to the ____________________ with four collimation margins parallel to the cassette edges.
Q5) Since the grid strips are oriented in the direction of grid tilt, grid cutoff is more likely to occur.
A)True B)False
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Chapter 5: Flat-Panel Digital Radiography
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Sample Questions
Q1) With indirect flat-panel TFT digital detectors, what is used to first convert X-ray photons into light photons?
A) scintillator layer
B) k-edge characteristic
C) electrical charge
D) photoconductor
Q2) Which of the following will detect the light from the CsI scintillator in the indirect flat-panel TFT detector?
A) TFT switch
B) sensing area
C) storage capacitor
D) active matrix
Q3) At ____ kV, efficiencies are 37% for a-Se and 52% for CsI.
A) 100
B) 110
C) 120
D) 130
Q4) Flat-panel detectors can be used in portable radiography applications and in applications involving ____________________.
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Chapter 6: Digital Fluoroscopy
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Sample Questions
Q1) The computer operates on the data it receives from the ADC in ____ format.
A) pixel
B) grayscale
C) matrix
D) digital
Q2) The operational elements of a dynamic FPD involve three sequences, resulting in a single ____________________ that must be completed in at least 33 ms for fluoroscopy.
Q3) A(n)____ couples the video camera to the television monitor by means of a coaxial cable and control electronics.
A) X-ray tube and generator
B) closed-circuit X-ray television
C) grid-controlled X-ray tube
D) X-ray beam
Q4) The spatial resolution for a digital fluoroscopic image depends on ____.
A) matrix format
B) mass density
C) pixel size
D) bit depth
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Chapter 7: Digital Mammography
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Sample Questions
Q1) When X-rays fall upon the __________________ layer, an electric charge is released and readout using an electric field.
Q2) There are three major technical components of a CAD system: image processing, ____________________ of image features, and data processing.
Q3) Which of the following involves at least three steps to distinguish between lesions and normal anatomical structures?
A) qualitative interpretation
B) data processing
C) image processing
D) quantitation
Q4) ____________________ finds unique features that can be readily distinguished reliably between a lesion and other normal anatomical structures.
Q5) After obtaining which image of the breast are several iodinated contrast images (contrast medium-enhanced)recorded?
A) scout
B) compression
C) contrast
D) stationary
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Chapter 8: Picture Archiving and Communication Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) In order to integrate the two information systems, the RIS and the HIS, several data ____________________ standards have been developed.
Q2) What is the data transfer rate of the network called?
A) LAN
B) links
C) node
D) bandwidth
Q3) A CR examination consisting of two images with an image size of 2048 x 2048 x 12 will result in ____ MB of data.
A) 12
B) 14
C) 16
D) 18
Q4) At low ____________________ ratios (8:1 or less), the loss of image quality is such that the image is still visually acceptable.
Q5) A LAN connects ____________________ that are separated by short distances such as within a radiology department, a building, or two or more buildings.
Q6) PACS workstations and their use is that of workstation ____________________.
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Chapter 9: Medical Imaging Informatics: An Overview
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hardware is the physical components used to process data and software is the computer programs that direct all hardware components to solve problems and thus derive useful practical solutions.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Once the ____ certification is completed, an individual can ladder into either the CPIA or the CPSA certification.
A) CIIP
B) CPAS
C) CPSM
D) CHP
Q3) The use of ____________________ for data exchange in imaging informatics is a mandatory concept for radiologists and technologists, as well as related personnel working in the imaging department to understand.
Q4) The increasing growth and utilization of PACS in imaging have provided the need for individuals actively working in a PACS environment to become
Q5) The vast array of security risks provides a significant rationale for ____________________ methods.
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Chapter 10: Quality Control for Digital Radiography
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which calibration for nonuniformity must be repeated on a periodic basis?
A) shading correction
B) flat field
C) reusable image media
D) ghost image
Q2) Some errors are the result of improper practice by the technologist, such as incorrect technique factor selection and artifacts from patient clothing or jewelry that interfere with the projected ____________________.
Q3) If the operator interface to the machine is extremely complex, ____________________ errors will increase exponentially.
Q4) The specific QC tests that are required for digital mammography are those specified by the imaging equipment manufacturer, with the exception of the limitation on maximum radiation dose, which is not more than that allowed for a ____.
A) task allocation matrix
B) GSDF
C) screen-film mammography
D) DR
Q5) At extremely high contrast, any DR image will appear ____________________.
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