Radiation Protection in Medical Imaging Final
Exam Questions
Course Introduction
This course provides a comprehensive overview of radiation protection principles and practices in the context of medical imaging. Students will learn about the biological effects of ionizing radiation, sources of exposure in diagnostic and interventional radiology, and the importance of ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) principles. The curriculum covers regulatory requirements, dose measurement and monitoring, shielding techniques, and the implementation of safety protocols for both patients and healthcare personnel. Emphasis is placed on practical strategies to minimize radiation exposure while maintaining diagnostic image quality, enabling students to apply effective protection measures in clinical settings.
Recommended Textbook Radiation Protection in Medical Radiography 7th Edition by Mary Sherer
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14 Chapters
339 Verified Questions
339 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Radiation Protection
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Sample Questions
Q1) The term as low as reasonable achievable (ALARA) is synonymous with the term:
A) background equivalent radiation time (BERT).
B) equivalent dose (EqD).
C) diagnostic efficacy.
D) optimization for radiation protection (ORP).
Answer: D
Q2) Radiation phobia can be greatly reduced by explaining the diagnostic radiation dose to the patient by using the:
A) ALARA method.
B) BERT method.
C) ORP method.
D) TRACE method.
Answer: B
Q3) The radiographer must answer patient questions about the potential risk of radiation exposure:
A) abruptly to discourage the patient from asking any other questions.
B) evasively so as not to reveal any information about radiation risk.
C) honestly and in understandable terms.
D) with technical terms.
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Radiation: Types, Sources, and Doses Received
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following helps shield the global population from exposure to essentially all high-energy,bombarding cosmic rays?
A) Clouds
B) Fog
C) Earth's atmosphere and magnetic field
D) Smog
Answer: C
Q2) A flight on a typical commercial airliner results in an equivalent dose rate of:
A) 0.001 to 0.005 mSv/hr.
B) 0.005 to 0.01 mSv/hr.
C) 0.02 to 0.04 mSv/hr.
D) 0.05 to 0.09 mSv/hr.
Answer: B
Q3) Of the two sources of ionizing radiation listed below,which source remains fairly constant from year to year?
A) Human-made
B) Natural
Answer: B
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4
Chapter 3: Interaction of X-Radiation With Matter
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following terms refers to the radiation that occurs when an electron drops down from an outer orbit to fill a vacancy in an inner orbit of the parent atom?
A) Characteristic radiation
B) Bremsstrahlung
C) Photoelectric radiation
D) Primary radiation
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following particles is considered to be a form of antimatter?
A) Electron
B) Positron
C) X-ray photon
D) Scattered x-ray photon
Answer: B
Q3) The x-ray photon energy required to initiate pair production is:
A) 0.511 keV.
B) 1.022 keV.
C) 0.511 MeV.
D) 1.022 MeV.
Answer: D
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Radiation Quantities and Units
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following effects must be measured to determine the total amount of radiation exposure in a specific volume of dry air under standard conditions of pressure and temperature (760 mm Hg or 1 atmosphere at sea level and 22° C)?
A) Biologic damage
B) Cellular activity
C) Energy absorption
D) Quantity of ionization
Q2) Who was the first American radiation worker to die from radiation-induced cancer in October of 1904?
A) Thomas A. Edison
B) Wilhelm C. Roentgen
C) Clarence Madison Dally
D) Marie Curie
Q3) As the intensity of x-ray exposure of the air volume increases,the number of electron-ion pairs produced:
A) also increases.
B) decreases considerably.
C) decreases slightly.
D) remains the same.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Radiation Monitoring
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Sample Questions
Q1) What should be given to a radiation worker on termination of employment?
A) A summary of an occupational exposure report
B) His or her personnel dosimeter
C) A pocket ionization chamber
D) An ionization chamber-type survey meter
Q2) Which of the following instruments is called a cutie pie?
A) Geiger-Muller detector
B) Ionization chamber-type survey meter
C) Optically stimulated luminescence dosimeter
D) Proportional counter
Q3) The effective atomic number (Zeff) of lithium fluoride (LiF) is equal to:
A) 5.9.
B) 6.4.
C) 7.0.
D) 8.2.
Q4) An electrometer is a device that measures:
A) current.
B) electrical charge.
C) potential difference.
D) voltage.
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Chapter 6: Overview of Cell Biology
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Sample Questions
Q1) In general,which of the following can human cells do?
1)Move,grow,react,and protect themselves
2)Repair damage and regulate life processes
3)Reproduce
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3
Q2) In the human body mineral salts are necessary for:
1)proper cell function.
2)creation of energy.
3)conduction of impulses along nerves.
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3
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8
Chapter 7: Molecular and Cellular Radiation Biology
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Sample Questions
Q1) One micron (mm) = __________.
A) 10-6 m
B) 10+6 m
C) 10-3 m
D) 10+3 m
Q2) OH* + OH* = __________.
A) H2O
B) HOH+
C) HOH-
D) H2O2
Q3) Which of the following is/are considered low-LET radiation(s)?
1)X-rays
2)Alpha particles
3)Gamma rays
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 2 and 3 only
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Chapter 8: Early Deterministic Radiation Effects on Organ Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) The correct order of development of the male germ cell from the stem cell phase to the mature cell is:
A) spermatogonia, spermatocyte, spermatid, sperm.
B) spermatocyte, spermatogonia, spermatid, sperm.
C) spermatid, spermatogonia, spermatocyte, sperm.
D) sperm, spermatid, spermatogonia, spermatocyte.
Q2) In 1898,after sustaining severe burns attributed to radiation exposure,this Boston dentist began investigating the hazards of radiation exposure and became the first known advocate of radiation protection:
A) Marie Curie
B) Clarence Madison Dally
C) Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
D) William Herbert Rollins
Q3) The term LD 50/30 signifies the whole-body dose of radiation that can be lethal to:
A) 50% of the exposed population in 30 days.
B) 30% of the exposed population in 50 days.
C) 50% of the exposed population in 50 days.
D) 30% of the exposed population in 30 days.
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Chapter 9: Late Deterministic and Stochastic Radiation
Effects on Organ Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) The human body can incorporate radium into bone because it is chemically similar to:
A) calcium
B) potassium
C) phosphorus
D) sodium
Q2) Existing data on radiation-induced genetic effects in humans :
A) prove conclusively that radiation causes major genetic effects.
B) prove conclusively that radiation causes only minor genetic effects.
C) are still inconclusive.
D) prove conclusively that radiation does not cause genetic effects.
Q3) Uranium miners in the Colorado plateau who developed lung cancer years after exposure provide an example of which of the following?
A) Early deterministic somatic effects
B) Late stochastic effects
C) Early genetic effects
D) Late genetic effects
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Dose Limits for Exposure to Ionizing Radiation
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Sample Questions
Q1) In general,deterministic effects typically occur:
A) after all diagnostic imaging procedures.
B) only after some diagnostic imaging procedures.
C) only after routine fluoroscopic procedures.
D) only after large doses of radiation are received.
Q2) Epidemiologic studies of atomic bomb survivors exposed in utero have provided conclusive evidence of a dose-dependent increase in the incidence of severe mental retardation for fetal doses greater than approximately:
A) 0.1 Sv.
B) 0.2 Sv.
C) 0.3 Sv.
D) 0.4 Sv.
Q3) The responsibility for maintaining radiation monitoring records for all personnel and for providing counseling for individuals who receive monitor readings in excess of allowable limits belongs to the:
A) director of human resources of a health care facility.
B) designated radiation safety officer of a health care facility.
C) hospital administrator.
D) radiologic technologist in charge of quality control.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Equipment Design for Radiation Protection
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Sample Questions
Q1) The control panel,where technical exposure factors are selected and seen on indicators by the equipment operator,must be located:
A) at the foot end of the radiographic examining table.
B) at the head end of the radiographic examining table.
C) behind a suitable protective barrier that has a radiation-absorbent window that permits observation of the patient during any procedure.
D) behind any regular wall that has a regular glass window that permits observation of the patient during any procedure.
Q2) When a fluoroscopic image is electronically amplified by the use of an image intensification system,which of the following benefits results?
1)Increased image brightness
2)Saving of time for the radiologist
3)Patient dose reduction
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3
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13
Chapter 12: Management of Patient Radiation Dose During Diagnostic X-Ray Procedures
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Sample Questions
Q1) The goal of the Alliance for Radiation Safety in Pediatric Imaging is to:
A) increase awareness of the need to reduce patient dose for pediatric patients.
B) completely eliminate the use of CT imaging for all pediatric patients.
C) completely eliminate the use of CT imaging for pediatric patients younger than 1 year of age.
D) completely eliminate the use of CT imaging for pediatric patients between the ages of 3 and 4 years old.
Q2) Specific area shielding may be selectively used during some x-ray procedures to protect which of the following?
1)Lens of the eye
2)Breast
3)Extremities
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3
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Chapter 13: Management of Imaging Personnel Radiation
Dose During Diagnostic X-Ray Procedures
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Sample Questions
Q1) While standing behind the control-booth barrier,a radiographer makes a radiographic exposure.The x-rays scattered from the patient's body should
A) not have enough energy remaining that will reach behind the control-booth barrier.
B) scatter only once before reaching any area behind the control-booth barrier.
C) scatter a minimum of two times before reaching any area behind the control-booth barrier.
D) scatter a minimum of 10 times before reaching any area behind the control-booth barrier.
Q2) Which part(s) of a diagnostic x-ray unit should a radiographer avoid touching while a radiographic exposure is in progress?
A) Control panel
B) Exposure switch
C) Kilovoltage control on the control panel
D) Tube housing, collimator, and high-tension cables
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15
Chapter 14: Radioisotopes and Radiation Protection
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Sample Questions
Q1) During a radiation emergency,the dose limit for individuals engaging in lifesaving activities is:
A) 50 mSv per event.
B) 100 mSv per event.
C) 250 mSv per event.
D) 500 mSv per event.
Q2) If enough explosives are used to spread radioactive material over a broad area,then radioactivity is:
A) extremely hazardous and may be much higher than background levels.
B) moderately hazardous and may be higher than background levels.
C) slightly hazardous and may be only slightly higher than background levels.
D) diluted and may not be much higher than background levels.
Q3) While a patient receiving Iodine-131 (¹³¹I) therapy is hospitalized,a large,_________,rolling lead shield can be positioned between the patient and any attending personnel for protection.
A) up to 1-inch-thick
B) 2-inch-thick
C) 3-inch-thick
D) 6-inch-thick
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Page 16