Course Introduction
Radiation Physics
Test Bank
Radiation Physics explores the fundamental principles underlying the generation, properties, interactions, and applications of ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. The course covers the structure of atoms and nuclei, types and sources of radiation, radioactive decay laws, and mechanisms of radiation-matter interaction. Students will study dosimetry, detection and measurement techniques, radiobiological effects, and the safe handling of radiation in laboratory and clinical environments. Emphasis is placed on both theoretical concepts and practical applications relevant to medicine, industry, and scientific research.
Recommended Textbook
Radiation Protection in Medical Radiography 8th Edition by Statkiewicz Sherer
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15 Chapters
366 Verified Questions
366 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Radiation Protection
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23 Verified Questions
23 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a form of radiation that is capable of creating electrically charged particles by removing orbital electrons from the atom of normal matter through which it passes?
A)Ionizing radiation
B)Nonionizing radiation
C)Subatomic radiation
D)Ultrasonic radiation
Answer: A
Q2) The term as low as reasonable achievable (ALARA)is synonymous with the term
A)background equivalent radiation time (BERT).
B)equivalent dose (EqD).
C)diagnostic efficacy.
D)optimization for radiation protection (ORP).
Answer: D
Q3) The millisievert (mSv)is equal to
A)1/10 of a sievert.
B)1/100 of a sievert.
C)1/1000 of a sievert.
D)1/10,000 of a sievert.
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Radiation: Types, Sources, and Doses Received
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the total average annual radiation equivalent dose for estimated levels of radiation exposure for humans?
A)2.0 mSv
B)3.2 mSv
C)6.3 mSv
D)9.6 mSv
Answer: C
Q2) The first decay product of radium is A)cesium.
B)radon.
C)strontium.
D)x-ray.
Answer: B
Q3) Of the two sources of ionizing radiation listed below,which source remains fairly constant from year to year?
A)Manmade
B)Natural
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Interaction of X-Radiation With Matter
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compton scattering is synonymous with A)coherent scattering.
B)incoherent scattering.
C)photoelectric absorption.
D)photodisintegration.
Answer: B
Q2) What is the effective atomic number of compact bone?
A)5.9
B)7.4
C)7.6
D)13.8
Answer: D
Q3) The symbol Z indicates
A)atomic number of an atom.
B)atomic weight of an atom.
C)fluorescent yield.
D)the number of vacancies in an atomic shell.
Answer: A
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5
Chapter 4: Radiation Quantities and Units
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23 Verified Questions
23 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following formulas is used to calculate effective dose?
1)EfD = (D × WR) + (D × WR) + (D × WR)
2)EfD = D × WR × WT
3)EfD = D ÷ WR × WT
A)1 only
B)2 only
C)3 only
D)1,2,and 3
Q2) Which of the following types of ionizing radiation produce virtually the same biologic effect in body tissue for equal absorbed doses?
A)X-rays,beta particles,and gamma rays
B)Alpha particles,beta particles,and gamma rays
C)X-rays,neutrons,and gamma rays
D)X-rays,alpha particles,and fast neutrons
Q3) Alpha particles have a radiation weighting factor (WR)that is numerically equal to A)1.
B)5.
C)10. D)20.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Radiation Monitoring
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Sample Questions
Q1) What do optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters,thermoluminescent dosimeters,pocket ionization chambers,and digital ionization dosimeters have in common?
A)These devices are all used for area monitoring.
B)These devices all use the same sensing material to detect ionizing radiation.
C)These devices are all used for personnel monitoring.
D)Each of these devices can only be used for personnel monitoring for a maximum of 6 months.
Q2) When changing employment,what must a radiation worker convey to his/her new employer?
A)A list of all fluoroscopic procedures performed daily
B)A list of all radiographic procedures performed daily
C)Data pertinent to accumulated permanent equivalent dose to be placed on file
D)A report of all procedures performed when "on call" after regular hours
Q3) An ionization chamber connected to an electrometer is a device that can measure
A)electromagnetic force.
B)tiny electric currents with high precision and accuracy.
C)potential difference.
D)Voltage in an x-ray machine circuit.
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Overview of Cell Biology
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Sample Questions
Q1) The much smaller structures that make up nucleic acids are called
A)carbohydrates.
B)fatty acids.
C)nucleotides.
D)polysaccharides.
Q2) Which of the following are compounds called purines?
1)Adenine and cytosine
2)Adenine and guanine
3)Adenine and thymine
A)1 only
B)2 only
C)3 only
D)1,2,and 3
Q3) What is a highly coiled strand that is one of two duplicated portions of DNA in a replicated chromosome that appears during cell division identified as?
A)A centrosome
B)A centromere
C)A chromatid
D)A curl
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Chapter 7: Molecular and Cellular Radiation Biology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following groups of cells is most radiosensitive?
A)Lymphocytes
B)Adult nerve cells
C)Erythrocytes
D)Muscle cells
Q2) One micron (mm)= __________.
A)10<sup>-6</sup> m
B)10<sup>+6</sup> m
C)10<sup>-3</sup> m
D)10<sup>+3</sup> m
Q3) Which of the following gonadal radiation doses may cause permanent sterility in a male human?
A)0.01 Gyt
B)1.0 Gyt
C)2.0 Gyt
D)5.0 or 6.0 Gyt
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Chapter 8: Early Tissue Reactions and Their Effects on Organ Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) During cardiovascular or other therapeutic interventional procedures that use high-level fluoroscopy for extended periods,the effects of ionizing radiation on the skin are
A)nonexistent.
B)minimal.
C)moderate.
D)significant.
Q2) If a person receives radiation exposure sufficient to cause the gastrointestinal syndrome,fatality occurs primarily because of A)convulsive seizures.
B)catastrophic damage to the epithelial cells that line the gastrointestinal track,resulting in the death of the exposed person within 3 to 5 days from a combination of infection,fluid loss,and electrolytic imbalance.
C)edema in the cranial vault.
D)meningitis.
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Chapter 9: Stochastic Effects and Late Tissue Reactions of Radiation in Organ Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are sources of low-level radiation exposure?
1)X-rays and radioactive materials used for diagnostic purposes.
2)Employment-related exposure in medicine and industry.
3)Natural background radiation.
A)1 and 2 only
B)1 and 3 only
C)2 and 3 only
D)1,2,and 3
Q2) What do agents such as specific chemicals,viruses,and ionizing radiation have in common?
A)Nothing
B)They can increase the frequency of mutations in only those members of the population who are already genetically impaired.
C)They are all mutagens that may increase the frequency of mutations.
D)They always cause spontaneous abortions during the first trimester of pregnancy.
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11
Chapter 10: Dose Limits for Exposure to Ionizing Radiation
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Sample Questions
Q1) The cumulative effective dose (CumEfD)limit does not include
1)exposure acquired as a consequence of a radiation worker undergoing medical imaging procedures.
2)radiation exposure from natural background radiation.
3)radiation exposure received while radiographers perform imaging procedures on patients.
A)1 and 2 only
B)1 and 3 only
C)2 and 3 only
D)1,2,and 3
Q2) If a certain dose of radiation produces a skin burn,a higher dose of radiation will cause the skin burn to be more severe; however,a dose below the threshold level for skin burn will
A)demonstrate this effect to a much greater degree.
B)demonstrate this effect to moderate degree.
C)demonstrate this effect to a lesser degree.
D)not demonstrate the effect.
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12
Chapter 11: Equipment Design for Radiation Protection
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Sample Questions
Q1) Digital radiography systems offer several advantages over computed radiography.Some of these include
1)lower dose.
2)ease of use.
3)immediate imaging results.
4)manipulation of the image.
A)1,2,and 3 only
B)1,2,and 4 only
C)2,3,and 4 only
D)1,2,3,and 4
Q2) When performing a mobile radiographic procedure,to reduce the radiation exposure to the patient,the radiographer must use a minimal source-skin distance of
A)15 cm.
B)30 cm.
C)38 cm.
D)45 cm.
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13
Chapter 12: Management of Patient Radiation Dose During Diagnostic X-Ray Procedures
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Sample Questions
Q1) Analysis of an imaging department's repeats rate
1)provides valuable information for process improvement.
2)helps minimize patient exposure.
3)improves overall performance of the department.
A)1 and 2 only
B)1 and 3 only
C)2 and 3 only
D)1,2,and 3
Q2) In the event that a pregnant patient is inadvertently irradiated
A)the radiographer performing the examination should perform the calculations necessary to determine fetal dose.
B)the imaging department manager should perform the calculations necessary to determine fetal dose.
C)the radiation safety officer or the medical physicist should perform the calculations necessary to determine fetal dose.
D)the administrator of the hospital or imaging facility should perform the calculations necessary to determine fetal dose.
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Chapter 13: Special Considerations on Safety in Computed
Tomography and Mammography
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following terms are synonymous?
1)Automatic exposure control
2)Iterative reconstruction
3)Tube current modulation
A)1 and 2 only
B)1 and 3 only
C)2 and 3 only
D)1,2,and 3
Q2) Verifying that the center of the patient coincides with the center of the CT gantry is a significant part of dose reduction strategies that is under the control of the
A)CT technologist.
B)hospital or imaging facility administrator.
C)ordering physician.
D)patient.
Q3) Tube current modulation in CT scanning can
A)increase patient dose significantly.
B)increase patient dose only slightly.
C)help to reduce patient dose.
D)not affect patient dose.
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Chapter 14: Management of Imaging Personnel Radiation
Dose During X-Ray Procedures
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Sample Questions
Q1) A protective curtain,or sliding panel,with a minimum of 0.25-mm lead equivalent,should normally be positioned between the fluoroscopist and the patient to intercept which of the following types of radiation?
A)Primary radiation
B)Scattered radiation above the tabletop
C)Exit or image-formation radiation
D)Direct radiation
Q2) When a radiologic technologist declares her pregnancy to her employer,which of the following is appropriate?
A)The employer terminates her employment until after her child is born.
B)She is able to continue her employment but is not permitted to perform any radiologic procedures during the remainder of her pregnancy.
C)The employer requires her to take a leave of absence until after the completion of the first trimester of the pregnancy and then return to her normal duties.
D)She continues to perform her duties without interruption of employment,provided that she has received radiation safety counseling and follows established radiation safety practices.
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Radioisotopes and Radiation Protection
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Sample Questions
Q1) In __________,a neutron transforms itself into a combination of a proton and an energetic electron.
A)alpha decay
B)beta decay
C)gamma decay
D)x-ray absorption
Q2) Radioiodide tablets that dissolve in the bloodstream permit an escape of some radioactivity through 1)the pores of the skin.
2)urination.
3)vomiting in some special cases.
A)1 and 2 only
B)1 and 3 only
C)2 and 3 only
D)1,2,and 3
Q3) Gamma rays differ from x-rays
A)because they are a form of electromagnetic radiation and x-rays are not.
B)because x-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation and gamma rays are not.
C)only in the method of how they are produced.
D)only because they are of much lower energy.
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