Race and Ethnic Relations
Review Questions
Course Introduction
Race and Ethnic Relations examines the social, historical, and political dynamics of race and ethnicity within various societies, with an emphasis on understanding how social structures and institutions shape the experiences and identities of different racial and ethnic groups. The course explores key theories, concepts, and case studies related to prejudice, discrimination, immigration, assimilation, segregation, and multiculturalism.
Through analysis of contemporary and historical contexts, students gain insight into the ways race and ethnicity intersect with factors such as class, gender, and power, and how they impact social inequality, policy, and cultural expression both locally and globally.
Recommended Textbook
Majority Minority Relations Census Update 6th Edition by John E. Farley
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Chapter 1: Orientation: Basic Terms and Concepts
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Q1) An argument for continuing to ask people about race in the Census is that
A) Census data and other federal data on race permit the measurement of housing and education segregation and racial inequalities in income and employment
B) There is no category that accurately measures multiracial people
C) Multiracial people have often been measured in ways that are racist
D) People often choose different categories for the same multiracial group
Answer: A
Q2) In the book The Bell Curve,as discussed in your text book,scientific racism is evident in the claims:
A) That whites are genetically more likely to be better architects
B) That whites are genetically more likely to be healthy
C) That whites are superior athletes as compared to other races
D) That race is genetically linked to intelligence
Answer: D
Q3) Psychological identification with a group is not an important part of what makes ethnicity real to people.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Prejudice: Its Forms and Causes
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Q1) When people's ability to engage in complex thinking or thoughtful reflection is increased,people tend to fall back on stereotypes.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Which of the following did Asch (1956)find in his studies of conformity?
A) Most people fail to conform even under a great deal of pressure
B) Most people tend to conform to gain or keep the acceptance of others
C) Most people will stick up for what they believe to be true even under extreme pressure to do otherwise
D) Confederates can mess up a research paper
Answer: B
Q3) The tendency to think of or react to everyone in the same category (ex.black,Chinese,female or gay)in a more or less fixed way,based on the category is called:
A) Negativity
B) Ignorance
C) Symbolic racism
D) Overcategorization
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Reducing Prejudice: How Achievable?
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Q1) Studies have shown that people living in integrated housing projects are more prejudiced even though they interact more regularly with persons of the opposite race than people who live in racially segregated housing projects.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) The city of Boston experienced intense conflict and a number of violent incidents during the implementation of a school desegregation plan in the 1970s.Which of the following is a characteristic of neighborhoods where the conflict was most intense?
A) They were mostly middle to upper-middle class
B) Most of the people there had secure jobs
C) They were well-represented in the city's power structure
D) There was intense job competition with the other race
Answer: D
Q3) Contact that intensifies fear often makes prejudiced people even more prejudiced.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Macro-Sociological Perspectives: The Order and Conflict Models
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Q1) According to conflict theorists stratification exists because:
A) It meets the needs of society as a whole
B) Some people fill more important jobs than other people
C) It serves the interests of the dominant group
D) It promotes the self-interests of the poor
Q2) Which theory looks at three classes: those who own the means of production,higher-paid laborers,and lower-paid laborers?
A) Split labor market theory
B) Internal colonialism theory
C) Culture of poverty theory
D) Marxist theory
Q3) Critics of culture of poverty theory point out that it is akin to "blaming the victim."
A)True
B)False
Q4) We live in a culture that encourages frank discussions about sex and contraception with teens.
A)True
B)False
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Q5) How do both conflict theory and order theory view the causes of teen pregnancy?
Chapter 5: Origins and Causes of Ethnic Inequality
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Q1) According to Noel,what three situations are necessary for ethnic stratification to occur? Pick one ethnic or racial group history in the United States and relate it to these three situations.
Q2) When one group expands its territory to take over control of an area formerly under the control of another group it's called:
A) Annexation
B) Immigration
C) Competition
D) Colonization
Q3) How did the institution of slavery change over time? What two things caused this change? How did people's prejudice toward blacks change as slavery changed?
Q4) Reservation land was often the most fertile and profitable land in a given area.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The rigid competitive system of race relations is marked by extensive open conflict. A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Changing Patterns of Majority-Minority
Relations in the United States
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Q1) Why is war correlated with racial violence in the United States? What two reasons are discussed in the textbook?
Q2) Discrimination is economically more irrational in an industrial society than agricultural societies for all the following reasons EXCEPT:
A) Because of the diversity of skills required, discrimination on the basis of ascribed characteristics is shortsighted and may not result in the best match
B) It does not make sense to cut off potential buyers because of race, religion, or some other irrelevant factor when you want to make a profit
C) Focusing on the local selling area means favoring employees who have the ascribed characteristics that are shared by the majority group in that area
D) Geographic and social mobility are required to achieve the best match of person and a job, and ascribed status would be limit this
Q3) The period from the end of the Civil War to World War II was a classic case of fluid competitive race relations.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Minority Group Movements and Their Impact on Society
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Q1) For a social movement to be successful people must have a sense that they have something to gain by protesting and that the potential gains outweigh the costs.
A)True B)False
Q2) Black-on-black and Latino-on-Latino crime is very rare in the United States today. A)True B)False
Q3) Indians took over Alcatraz Island,a former federal prison on San Francisco Bay in the 1970's because:
A) A 1868 treaty provided that surplus federal property could be claimed by the Sioux
B) They were protesting the continued imprisonment of several Native American leaders
C) They claimed the federal government owed them money from an 1870 treaty
D) They argued that the federal government was polluting the bay and they had a right to stop that damage
Q4) What are the necessary conditions for social movements and why is each necessary?
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Chapter 8: Changing Values, Goals, and Models: New
Thinking on Assimilation, Pluralism, and Separatism
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Q1) The tendency for people of color to be placed at particular risk of suffering the harmful effects of environmental contaminants is called:
A) Environmental racism
B) Environmental pollution
C) Racism
D) Bad luck
Q2) When groups in society retain some social structures and institutions of their own but share others it is called:
A) Structural pluralism
B) Structural assimilation
C) Cultural assimilation
D) Cultural pluralism
Q3) For most minority groups in American society,discrimination is decreasing,but this group has seen discrimination increase in the last few years.This group is:
A) African Americans
B) Mexican Americans
C) Arab Americans
D) Native Americans
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Chapter 9: Cross-Cultural Studies of Majority-Minority Relations
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Q1) Industrialization is no guarantee of improved race relations.
A)True
B)False
Q2) When an indigenous group is made subordinate to another group entering from the outside,the result is usually:
A) Conflict and ethnic inequality
B) Cooperation and ethnic assimilation
C) Conflict and ethnic assimilation
D) Some combination of the above
Q3) Most Arab Americans are:
A) Muslim
B) Hindu
C) Christian
D) Buddhist
Q4) Not all instances of severe intergroup conflict or stratification in the world involve different races.
A)True
B)False
Page 11
Q5) How is colonization a factor in racial conflict in most countries?
Q6) What is ethnic cleansing and how was it used in the former Yugoslavia?
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Chapter 10: The Status of Majority and Minority Groups in the
United States Today
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Q1) What evidence does the text list to show that there is continuing inequality for minorities in American society?
Q2) Native Americans make up what percentage of the U.S.population?
A) 25%
B) 10%
C) 15%
D) 1.7%
Q3) What does it mean to have intermediate status? Give at least three examples of groups in the United States with intermediate status.
Q4) The umbrella label "Hispanic" or "Latino" does not cover which of the following groups?
A) Mexicans
B) Puerto Ricans
C) Cubans
D) Haitians
Q5) The Chicano population is heavily concentrated in the Northeast.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: The Economic and Health Care Systems and Minority Groups in America
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Q1) Who benefits and who loses according to Becker's theory,split labor market theory,and Marxist theory of economic discrimination?
Q2) The assumption that class divisions have more to do with how well people live than do divisions between racial and ethnic groups is used in which economic theory of discrimination?
A) Gary Becker's theory
B) Split Labor Market theory
C) Marxist theory
D) Relative deprivation theory
Q3) The United States spends more money per capita on health care than any other country in the world.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Because Medicaid pays well,most physicians welcome these patients into their practices.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Does access to Medicaid guarantee poor people the same quality medical care as those who are privately insured? Explain your answer.
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Chapter 12: Living Apart: Housing Segregation in America
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Q1) When it comes to subprime loans:
A) Low-income whites living in low-income neighborhoods are more likely to have a conventional loan than high-income African Americans living in predominantly African American areas
B) Low-income African Americans in low-income neighborhoods are more likely to have a conventional loan than high-income whites living in predominantly white areas
C) There is very little difference by race, income is what matters
D) Most of the difference is due to region of the country rather than race
Q2) When minority populations live in one area and job opportunities are largely in another,this is called:
A) Racial dislocation
B) Spatial mismatch
C) Racial steering
D) Blockbusting
Q3) When sociologists talk about housing segregation they are referring to laws that prevent groups of people from living near each other.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: The American Political and Legal System and
Majority-Minority Relations
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Q1) Which of the following is true about segregation in the use of public facilities?
A) It was required by law in many parts of the South
B) It was optional in the South and most people did not follow it
C) It only was applied to public and not private facilities
D) It was more widespread in the North
Q2) Segregation was required by law in some Southern states.
A)True
B)False
Q3) From a functionalist perspective,the role and functions of government and the political system includes the belief that:
A) There is a power elite of wealthy Americans who exercise real decision-making power
B) No one group can dominate the system, and many different groups can exercise veto power
C) Real decision making takes place behind the scenes by professional bureaucrats, the military and corporate leaders
D) The executive branch and a few powerful lobbyists for major companies make most of the decisions
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Chapter 14: Education and American Minority Groups
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Q1) The Conflict perspective views the educational system as a means of:
A) Reinforcing the social inequality in society
B) Providing a source of social mobility in society
C) Providing employers with technically qualified workers
D) Bringing about economic equality
Q2) Which of the following is false about tracking?
A) Placement in tracks is influenced by race, Hispanic origin, and especially class
B) Even when test scores are the same as middle-class students, lower-socioeconomic status students are placed in lower tracks
C) Most students in low tracks move out of them within a year or two
D) Students in low tracks are often denied the opportunities to take the courses they need to enter and succeed in college
Q3) Q.tests are supposed to test:
A) What a person knows
B) Innate ability
C) Cultural standards of the dominant group
D) What a person has learned in school
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Chapter 15: Current Trends in Majority-Minority Relations
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Q1) Monsanto has found consulting pairs to be a successful program.
A)True
B)False
Q2) An alternative approach to hate-speech codes that has been adopted by more than half of all colleges and universities in the United States is:
A) Mandatory multicultural education courses
B) Mandatory dismissal for hate-speech
C) Optional multicultural education courses
D) Teaching people to speak in a kind tone
Q3) Most college students support diversity courses.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Rules to prevent people from use of racial,ethnic,or cultural slurs,insults and name-calling are called:
A) Civil rights laws
B) Defamation laws
C) Hate-speech codes
D) P.C. laws
Q5) Name and describe two causes for increased hate-group activities.
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Chapter 16: Current Debates: Affirmative Action,
Immigration, and Race Versus Class
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Q1) Minority physicians are more likely to locate in low socio-economic areas. A)True
B)False
Q2) What percent of scholarships in the United States as of the early 1990s were set aside for minority students?
A) 10%
B) 20%
C) 4%
D) 30%
Q3) According to Cross (1998),the low graduation rate of black students in many colleges is due to:
A) Social isolation and financial problems
B) Inability to complete the academic work
C) Criminal charges
D) Lack of commitment and desire to get a college degree
Q4) Describe the argument over which is the more important cause of inequality: racial discrimination vs.social class.
Q5) Today's immigrants are far more likely to come from non-European countries. A)True
B)False
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