Quantitative Methods in Business Final Test Solutions
Course Introduction
Quantitative Methods in Business introduces students to analytical and statistical techniques used to inform decision-making in business environments. The course covers topics such as descriptive statistics, probability theory, forecasting, regression analysis, linear programming, and decision analysis. Emphasis is placed on applying mathematical models and quantitative approaches to solve real-world business problems, interpret data, and optimize organizational performance. Throughout the course, students develop practical skills using quantitative tools and software, enabling them to assess business situations critically and make evidence-based recommendations.
Recommended Textbook
Business Research Methods 1st Edition by William
G. Zikmund
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832 Verified Questions
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Chapter 1: Introducing Business Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) Interpretivists hold that:
A)data gathered in the research process must be interpreted.
B)we each interpret the world in our own way, and through our individual and unique interpretations we each of us construct our own realities.
C)interpretation is fundamental to the research process.
D)we are all part of one reality which must be interpreted.
Answer: B
Q2) Positivists and social constructionists and interpretivists hold different views or perspectives on the nature of reality
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Rigour in research refers to:
A)The research capability of the researcher.
B)The strength of the research proposal.
C)the rigorous manner in which research is conducted.
D)Inflexibility in the research.
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Developing Research Skills
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Sample Questions
Q1) The temporal span of the research project is:
A)The time it takes to design, carry out and complete the research.
B)The width of the thesis or the report of the research.
C)The way in which time flies by when one is working on a research project.
D)The temporary nature of the research endeavour.
Answer: A
Q2) It is important to develop a research project with a good fit. This means:
A)That the researcher and the research project must fit well together.
B)That the research project must fit well into the time allowed for it.
C)That the researcher can fit the project in with all of the other tasks and assignments
s/he is charged with completing.
D)That each aspect of the research projects fits well, is congruent, with every other aspect of the research project.
Answer: D
Q3) The research process:
A)Is long and very complicated.
B)Is the step by step process used to accomplish the research project.
C)Changes with each research project.
D)Is comprised of a lot of simple steps.
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Understanding Research Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ethics in business is the application of ethical principles and standards to business research.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) It is important for standards in ethics in research that every researcher becomes an ethically reflective practitioner.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Two key ethical questions researchers should ask themselves are what are the potential harms that might befall participants in their research and what are the potential risks that might arise from their research,
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Understanding Research Philosophy
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Q1) Theory is of the most fundamental importance in research.
A)True
B)False
Q2) When beginning the process of developing a research proposal, what are the questions you must ask yourself?
Q3) There is no debate over the nature of reality.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In the methodological pyramid:
A)Explains how to use the different methodologies in the research project.
B)Demonstrates the key parameters of the different methodologies.
C)The fundamental philosophies support the research methodologies which in turn support the data collection methods.
D)Is the fundamental philosophical framework of the research project.
Q5) Ontology relates to the nature of reality, to the study of the nature of being. A)True
B)False
Q6) All research is about the generation of information.
A)True
B)False
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Developing a Research Proposal
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Q1) Ideas for good research projects are:
A)Developed from protracted discussions with lecturers.
B)Rare.
C)The preserve of great scholars.
D)Everywhere.
Q2) The first framework of the four frameworks approach to the research project is the theoretical framework.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A synopsis of the methodology is presented in the research proposal.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are spidergrams and what are they used for?
Q5) Every research idea needs to be properly defined and refined in order to develop from it a viable research project.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Spidergrams are a good way of exploring ideas and developing ideas.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Reviewing the Literature
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Q1) A key objective of the search is that the researcher sources and develops an awareness of:
A)The library's collection.
B)The ICTs in operation in the library.
C)All of the literature relevant to their study.
D)All of the literature available.
Q2) The four frameworks are the conceptual framework, the theoretical framework, the methodological framework and the analytical framework.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The rules, processes and procedures of research are:
A)Rigorous.
B)Simple.
C)Very few.
D)Irrelevant.
Q4) When reading published research it is important to take a:
A)Benign perspective.
B)Critical perspective.
C)Cool perspective.
D)Detached perspective.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Understanding Research Methodology and Design
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Q1) Deciding on the research methodology for the research project is very simple and straightforward.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Archival research is research carried out:
A)Over the internet.
B)Using e-mail.
C)On the content of archives.
D)Covertly.
Q3) Action research is:
A)An account of an extraordinary experience.
B)A research methodology.
C)A data gathering method.
D)A means of triangulation.
Q4) Grounded theory is used when the specific focus of the research is on:
A)Creating ground level theory.
B)Grounding the research in some way.
C)Building theory from data.
D)Grounding the researcher in some way.
Q5) What is meant by the notion of 'fit' in relation to the research project?
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Chapter 8: Understanding Research Methods, Populations and Sampling
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Q1) The basic rule of probability is that:
A)The best that can happen will probably happen.
B)The worst that can happen will probably happen.
C)Each member of the population has an equal probability of being selected for inclusion in the sample.
D)Mathamatical theories probably work.
Q2) The data gathered must be:
A)Simple enough to analyse quickly.
B)Adequate and it must be valid.
C)Short and concise.
D)Either quantitative or qualitative.
Q3) The researcher might be working with a population with cultural issues, language issues, or with literacy issues. Any or all of these will have an impact of the design of data gathering technique.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Participant observation is a data gathering method.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Give three examples of human populations of research projects.
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Chapter 9: Using Secondary Data and Archival Sources
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Q1) A primary source is:
A)A first hand account of an experience or phenomenon.
B)A first rate account of an experience or phenomenon.
C)A second hand account of an experience or phenomenon.
D)A second rate account of an experience or phenomenon.
Q2) Methodological decisions for the research project are shaped by the focus of the project, by the aim of the research, by what it is that the research is trying to accomplish.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The literature review contains which of the four frameworks?
Q4) Subsets of data sets are small parts of the overall data set that the researcher selects from the data set.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The main danger in selecting out a sub-set of data from a large data set is:
A)That the large data set will be destroyed.
B)That data will be lost.
C)That it may be illegal.
D)That the data selected may be rendered invalid in some way.
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Chapter 10: Using Observation
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Q1) An observation schedule is the structure created by the researcher to facilitate the recording of the observations made.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In order for data gathering to be systematic, there must be a system in place designed to facilitate the methodical collection of data.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Using unstructured observation:
A)The researcher is likely to do a bad job of observing the phenomenon under investigation.
B)The researcher has failed to properly prepare for the observation exercise.
C)The researcher goes into the field and simply observes the action or phenomenon under investigation in the research project. The recorded observations can be recorded in the research diary, or in a field diary used specifically for this purpose.
D)The researcher will have to engage in an unstructured analysis of the data gathered.
Q4) Name the three ways in which an observation study can be structured.
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Chapter 11: Using Interviews and Focus Groups
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Sample Questions
Q1) The first issue to examine when critiquing the data gathering methods used is:
A)Whether or not they are interesting.
B)Whether they are the most appropriate data gathering methods for the research project.
C)Whether or not they were specifically designed for the research project.
D)Whether or not they were approved by the research supervisor.
Q2) Open questions tend to generate long or relatively long answers.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The participants in the research must:
A)Be well known to the researcher.
B)Strangers to the researcher.
C)Over 18 years of age.
D)Be capable of participating fully and usefully in the research.
Q4) Bias in research is anything that contaminates or compromises the research. Researchers have to be vigilant in their attempts to avoid bias in their research.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Name the five different types of interview detailed in the text.
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Chapter 12: Using Questionnaires and Scales
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Q1) Skips and filters are devices used in:
A)Experimental research.
B)Questionnaires to allow respondents to skip over questions that do not apply to them.
C)Laboratory research.
D)Industrial research.
Q2) The presentation of a questionnaire should be:
A)Highly stylised and fussy.
B)Long and laborious.
C)Complex and clearly scholarly.
D)Simple, succinct and professional.
Q3) The issue of validity in relation to data collection methods refers to:
A)The degree to which the data collection methods, as they are designed, can accomplish what it is that they were designed to accomplish.
B)The reliability of the methods.
C)The complexity of the methods.
D)The extent to which the data collection methods emerged from the review of the literature.
Q4) Why are questionnaires and scales highly structured data gathering methods?
Q5) What kind of data is generally gathered in large scale studies?
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Chapter 13: Managing Data and Introducing Data Analysis
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Q1) It is of the utmost importance that the analysis and the findings from the analysis are grounded in the data.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The fourth and final stage of data analysis is the theorisation stage. The researcher theorises their data by linking it with the theory, laid out the in the literature review carried out for the research.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A coding key is a guide, created by the researcher, to the codes used in coding the data before inputting the data into the computer.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Data management is:
A)The correct, safe and secure management of data.
B)The responsibility of the thesis supervisor.
C)The responsibility of research participants.
D)The responsibility of research assistants.
Q5) Why is data management important?
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Chapter 14: Analysing Quantitative Data
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Q1) Statistical inference uses data from a sample population:
A)To describe the sample population.
B)To describe the sample and the population.
C)To examine the way in which a frequency is distributed.
D)To draw conclusions (or inferences) about the population from which the sample was drawn.
Q2) A good way of learning how to present data is to examine how other researchers' present data. You do this be reading the published works of other researchers; a good source is the journal articles in scholarly journals.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The analytical framework is:
A)The first framework in the four frameworks approach to research.
B)The second framework in the four frameworks approach to research.
C)The third framework in the four frameworks approach to research.
D)The fourth framework in the four frameworks approach to research.
Q4) Secondary source data is particularly useful to researchers who cannot access primary sources. Explain this statement.
Q5) What are secondary sources of data?
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Chapter 15: Analysing Qualitative Data
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Q1) Qualitative research is situated within a constructivist or interpretivist paradigm.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Content analysis has application only in quantitative data analysis.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The fundamental aim of qualitative research:
A)Is to test hypotheses.
B)Is to carry out experiments.
C)Is to uncover the subjective meanings participants make of the phenomenon under investigation
D)Is to engage in statistical analyses.
Q4) Give some examples of how language is used differently in quantitative and qualitative research.
Q5) In quantitative research the researcher is completely written out of the analysis.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What is meant by the term 'thick description'?
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Chapter 16: Drawing Conclusions and Writing Research
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Q1) In the final chapter, the overall conclusions drawn from the research are presented, as are the recommendations the researcher makes based on the conclusions drawn from the research.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The overall conclusion of the research is not presented until the very last sentence in the thesis/report of the research.
A)True
B)False
Q3) When the conclusions have been presented:
A)The implications of the conclusions should be explored.
B)The research project is complete.
C)The researcher lists a few recommendations and the research project is complete.
D)The researcher adds in the appendices and the research project is complete.
Q4) What is a conclusion in a research project?
Q5) The writer writing up and presenting research is engaged in an exercise of communication.
A)True
B)False
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