Pulmonary Rehabilitation Pre-Test
Questions
Course Introduction
Pulmonary Rehabilitation is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary course that focuses on the assessment, treatment, and long-term management of patients with chronic respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and interstitial lung disease. Students will explore the physiological and psychological aspects of pulmonary conditions, gaining practical skills in exercise prescription, patient education, nutritional support, and behavioral interventions. The course also covers the design and implementation of individualized rehabilitation programs aimed at improving patients functional capacity, quality of life, and overall respiratory health, integrating evidence-based clinical practices and current research.
Recommended Textbook
Essentials of Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy 4th Edition by Ellen Hillegass
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22 Chapters
681 Verified Questions
681 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Anatomy of the Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) Regurgitation or insufficiency of the mitral valve causes blood to accumulate in which of the following heart chambers?
A)Right ventricle
B)Left ventricle
C)Right atrium
D)Left atrium
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following lung architecture characteristics creates an increased susceptibility for aspiration in the lung?
A)A left mainstem angle of 40 to 60 degrees from the trachea
B)A right mainstem angle of 25 degrees from the trachea
C)A length of 2 inches from the trachea to the lung
D)A length of 1 inch from the trachea to the lung
Answer: B
Q3) The right upper lobe bronchus divides into which of the following?
A)Lateral and medial segment
B)Superior segment to the upper portion
C)Apical,posterior,and anterior segments
D)Lower lobe bronchus to the medial basal segment
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Physiology of the Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Systems
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Q1) Which of the following age-related cardiovascular physiological changes MOST likely leads to increased ventricular wall thickness?
A)Increased body weight
B)Decreased maximal heart rate
C)Reduced arteriovenous oxygen uptake
D)Increased collagen presence
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following changes in the system would cause a shift in the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the left?
A)An increase in the pH
B)A decrease in the pH
C)Increase in tissue temperature
D)Prolonged hypoxemia
Answer: A
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4
Chapter 3: Ischemic Cardiovascular Conditions and Other Vascular Pathologies
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 56-year-old male with a history of obesity,type II diabetes,and a high-stress management occupation is scheduled for a physical therapy evaluation for treatment of low back pain.As a physical therapist which of the following guidelines is MOST appropriate to follow during the initial and subsequent physical therapy sessions?
A)Monitor BP at rest and during exercise for at least the first three to four sessions.
B)If BP is normal or unremarkable at rest during the evaluation,there is no need to continue monitoring.
C)It is recommended the patient stop his medication for blood pressure that results in unpleasant side effects.
D)It is recommended the PT only provide manual therapy to the patient if his resting BP is 200/100.
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Cardiac Muscle Dysfunction and Failure
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33 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure commonly monitored in patients in coronary care units closely approximates which of the following pressures?
A)Left ventricular filling pressure
B)Pulmonary artery pressure
C)Left atrial filling pressure
D)Right ventricular filling pressure
Q2) Which of the following medications prescribed for heart failure is noted to provide a positive inotropic effect evidenced by an increased left ventricular ejection fraction?
A)Diuretics
B)Dobutamine
C)Nitroglycerin
D)Topral
Q3) Which of the following factors significantly predict survival in persons with congestive heart failure?
A)Diminished left ventricular ejection fraction
B)New York Heart Failure class II functional status
C)Episodes of hypotension
D)Exercise tachycardia
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6
Chapter 5: Restrictive Lung Dysfunction
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following spinal cord levels if injured would result in diaphragmatic dysfunction?
A)C4-5
B)T1-2
C)T4-5
D)T7-8
Q2) The inhalation of carbon monoxide,a gas present in smoke,leads to which of the following pathological conditions?
A)Edema of the laryngeal and tracheal mucosa
B)Damage to the mucociliary clearance mechanism
C)Inactivation of surfactant and pneumonitis
D)Decreases in the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood
Q3) Which of the following pathological occurrences associated with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)in premature infants causes the overall retractive forces of the lung to be greater than normal?
A)Inadequate surfactant production
B)Alveolar septal thickening
C)Abnormal alveolar epithelial permeability
D)Pulmonary hypertension
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Chapter 6: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases
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Sample Questions
Q1) In children,a diagnosis of classic CF is partially determined by which of the following sweat test values (sweat chloride concentrations)?
A)20 mEq/L
B)45 mEq/L
C)70 mEq/L
D)95 mEq/L
Q2) Which of the following types of emphysema are described as proximal dilation of the respiratory bronchioles,with alveolar ducts and sacs remaining normal?
A)Centrilobular
B)Panlobular
C)Distal acinar
D)None of the above
Q3) Which of the pulmonary function test findings BEST indicates COPD?
A)High FEV ,high FEV /FVC,low residual volume
B)High FEV ,no change in FEV /FVC,low residual volume
C)Low FEV ,low FEV /FVC,high residual volume
D)Low FEV ,no change in FEV /FVC,no change in residual volume
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8
Chapter 7: Cardiopulmonary Implications of Specific Diseases
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35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A patient with type II diabetes mellitus has arrived in your clinic today for aerobic training on a treadmill.Prior to any exercise,blood sugar was 250 mg/dL,no ketones were detected,and insulin dose was taken.How should the physical therapist proceed?
A)Recommend that the patient not to exercise and reschedule the appointment.
B)If the patient feels good,proceed with low-intensity exercise for 10 minutes and recheck the blood sugar.
C)Proceed with the patient's normal routine of exercise and recheck the blood sugar post exercise.
D)Have the patient sit and rest in the clinic and recheck the blood sugar 30 minutes later.
Q2) Which of the following cardiac complications is the leading cause of death in persons with an eating disorder such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia?
A)Cardiac arrhythmias
B)Hypotension
C)Decreased cardiac mass
D)Mitral valve prolapse
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Chapter 8: Cardiovascular Diagnostic Tests and Procedures
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Sample Questions
Q1) A patient is positioned in supine and her legs are elevated to 45 degrees.In this position the therapist assesses the color of the legs,then places the leg in a dependent position to again assess the color.This procedure describes which of the following tests?
A)Venous filling time test
B)Rubor dependency test
C)Trendelenburg test
D)Homan's sign
Q2) Which of the following pharmacological cardiac testing procedures is BEST for confirming coronary artery spasm?
A)Administration of adenosine
B)Administration of dobutamine
C)Administration of regadenoson
D)Administration of ergonovine
Q3) Which of the following values is considered a high-risk factor for coronary artery disease?
A)Homocysteine level of 10.0 mol/L
B)C-reactive protein level of 3.2 mg/L
C)Glucose level of 92 mg/dL
D)Hb A1c of 5.5%
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Electrocardiography
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following heart blocks is characterized by no communication between the atria and the ventricles,thus resulting in no coordination between the firing of the atria and the firing of the ventricles,creating a complete independence of the two systems?
A)First-degree AV block
B)Second-degree AV block,type I
C)Second-degree AV block,type II
D)Third-degree AV block
Q2) The presence of a significant Q wave (one-third the size of the QRS complex)on an ECG indicates which of the following?
A)Acute infarction
B)Ischemia
C)Digitalis toxicity
D)Previous infarction
Q3) Which of the following components of the ECG impulse represents the ventricular depolarization?
A)P wave
B)P-R segment
C)QRS complex
D)ST segment
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Chapter 10: Pulmonary Diagnostic Tests and Procedures
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following pathological conditions would MOST likely result in tracheal deviations on a chest radiograph?
A)Patient is rotated
B)Pulmonary edema
C)Military nodules
D)Pneumothorax
Q2) Cytological testing identifies viruses as having a simple central core of DNA or RNA encapsulated by a protein coat.This BEST describes which of the following classification schemes?
A)Morphology
B)Habitat
C)Structure
D)Taxonomy
Q3) A patient has the following arterial blood gas values:pH = 7.33,PaCO = 35,PaO = 80,and HCO - = 18.Which of the following statements is the MOST accurate interpretation?
A)Uncompensated metabolic acidosis
B)Uncompensated respiratory acidosis
C)Partially compensated metabolic acidosis
D)Partially compensated respiratory acidosis
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Cardiovascular and Thoracic Interventions
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Q1) Which of the following reasons BEST supports the administration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)with a collagen-binding domain (CBD),an agent that is used for stimulating the growth of new blood vessels?
A)Reduced blood flow to the ischemic area of the heart.
B)Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor production systematically due to ischemia.
C)The heart has a reduced ability to produce vascular endothelial growth factor in response to ischemia.
D)Proliferative cell stimulation that is specific and may cause detrimental effects.
Q2) Common risk factors for thoracic aortic aneurysms include which of the following factors?
A)Hypertension
B)Hypercholesteremia
C)Prior tobacco use
D)All of the above
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13
Chapter 12: Thoracic Organ Transplantation: Heart, Heart
Lung, and Lung
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following criteria is considered absolute for a heart donor?
A)No positive test for hepatitis B
B)History of chest trauma
C)Elevation of myocardial enzymes
D)Correctable valvular dysfunction
Q2) Which of the following alternatives to transplantation would be appropriate for a patient with heart failure who has not responded to optimal medical management,left ventricular ejection fraction <25%,and a peak oxygen consumption of <12 mL/kg/min?
A)Left ventricular assistive device (LVAD)
B)Biphasic positive airway pressure (BiPAP)
C)Cardiomyoplasty
D)Home intravenous pharmacologic management
Q3) Which of the following monitoring tools is BEST to assess a heart transplant patient's initial response to increases in activity?
A)Monitor heart rate
B)Rating of perceived exertion
C)Pulse oximetry
D)Blood pressure
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Chapter 13: Monitoring and Life Support Equipment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following factors associated with a patient is NOT considered a cause of inaccurate pulse oximetry readings?
A)Presence of perspiration or sweat
B)Presence of dark nail polish
C)Anemia
D)Low perfusion states (low cardiac output)
Q2) Which of the following reasons is given for a reduced infection rate with tunneled catheters for long-term use as compared to peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)lines?
A)The tunneled catheter is coated with an antibiotic before insertion.
B)The tunneled catheter is protected by the natural barrier of the skin.
C)Both types of long-term central access have the same level of infection rate.
D)During insertion of a tunneled cathartic surgically,the site is washed with antibiotic.
Q3) Which of the following is an indicator for mechanical ventilation?
A)Protection of the airway and lung parenchyma.
B)Relief of upper airway obstruction.
C)Improvement of pulmonary toilet in patients with excessive secretions.
D)All of the above are appropriate indicators.
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Chapter 14: Cardiovascular Medications
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Sample Questions
Q1) Impairment of effective drug elimination in an elderly patient is MOST likely related to poor functioning in which of the following organs?
A)Cardiac conduction system
B)Liver
C)Kidney
D)Body composition
Q2) A patient who is prescribed a combination of diuretics for hypertension should be monitored for symptoms associated with which of the following abnormalities before,during,or after an exercise session?
A)Hypotension
B)Arrhythmias
C)Altered mental status
D)All of the above
Q3) Which of the following conditions would MOST likely lead to a decrease in myocardial oxygen demand?
A)Exercise
B)Increased systemic vascular resistance
C)Anemia
D)Use of beta-blockers
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Pulmonary Medications
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Sample Questions
Q1) Inhibition of microbial protein synthesis is a mechanism of action associated with which of the following antimicrobial agents?
A)Penicillins
B)Tetracyclines
C)Antivirals
D)Cephalosporins
Q2) Which of the following pathological factors lead to bronchoconstriction?
A)Abnormal bronchomotor tone
B)Inflammation
C)Mechanical obstruction
D)All of the above
Q3) Which of the following factors if stimulated or administered results in bronchoconstriction?
A)Adrenergic Beta receptor
B)Adrenergic agonists
C)Cholinergic antagonists
D)Muscarinic receptor
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17
Chapter 16: Examination and Assessment Procedures
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Sample Questions
Q1) Egophony is BEST described by which of the following in a patient with emphysema?
A)The said phrase "99" is heard more loudly than normal.
B)The said phrase "E" is heard much softer than normal as "A."
C)Whispered words are heard more loudly than normal.
D)The said phase "E" is heard more loudly than normal as "A."
Q2) A patient with chronic obstructive lung disease who appears to have a barrel chest will have which of the following signs on examination of the chest area?
A)Rib angles of <90 degrees
B)A diminished diaphragm excursion measured by percussion
C)The presence of stronger,louder sounds heard during auscultation
D)The presence of normal muscle activity of the respiratory accessory muscles
Q3) Which of the palpation techniques assists in the confirmation of consolidation in an area of the lung?
A)Palpation of the mediastinum for tracheal shift
B)Palpation of chest wall movement or asymmetry
C)Palpation of fremitus (vibration)when the patient says "99"
D)Palpation of the anterior chest wall with the thumb tips meeting at the xiphoid
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Chapter 17: Interventions for Acute Cardiopulmonary Conditions
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Q1) A patient presents 2 weeks post an embolic stroke and aspiration pneumonia.She is lethargic and does not appear to follow commands consistently.Which of the following breathing techniques would BEST improve the patient's overall ventilation to lung areas on the hemiparetic side?
A)Upper chest inhibiting technique
B)Counter rotation
C)Scoop technique
D)Unilateral costal expansion
Q2) Which of the following clinical signs would be considered a non vital sign of possible exercise intolerance?
A)Patient becomes short of breath.
B)Oxygen saturation drops below prescribed level.
C)Diaphoresis.
D)Systolic blood pressure decreases more than 10 mm Hg below resting.
Q3) Which of the following conditions is an indication for airway clearance procedures?
A)Dry,nonproductive cough
B)Dyspnea with exertion
C)Excessive pulmonary secretions
D)Acute inflammation of the lungs
Page 19
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Chapter 18: Interventions and Prevention Measures for
Individuals With Cardiovascular Disease, or Risk of Disease
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Q1) For which of the following cardiovascular conditions are patients NOT considered to be good candidates for rehabilitation?
A)Myocardial infarction
B)Heart transplant
C)Uncontrolled hypertension
D)Coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Q2) Which of the following methods for determining intensity would be BEST for a patient who is currently prescribed a beta-blocker?
A)Karoven method for predicted heart rate range
B)Ventilatory threshold
C)Rating of perceived exertion
D)Electrocardiogram
Q3) Which of the following symptoms of coronary artery disease is more common in women than men?
A)Angina
B)Chest pressure
C)Abdominal pain
D)Radiating pain in left arm
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Chapter 19: Pulmonary Rehabilitation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following anatomical areas of the body lose range of motion (ROM)as a result of progressive lung disease,poor posture,and accessory breathing muscle use?
A)Rib cage
B)Shoulders
C)Spine
D)All of the above
Q2) Which of the following criteria is appropriate to use when determining the time to advance workloads in an exercise prescription for a patient with moderate lung disease?
A)The patient feels like it is time to advance the workload.
B)Each week the workload should be increased per a schedule.
C)Rating of perceived exertion (RPE)and heart rate decrease and exercise time is maintained.
D)The program can be advanced when cleared by the medical director.
Q3) Pulmonary function test data are exclusively used when determining a patient candidacy for pulmonary rehabilitation.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 20: Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is considered an acyanotic cardiac defect?
A)Tetralogy of Fallot
B)Pulmonary atresia
C)Atrial septal defects
D)Truncus arteriosus
Q2) Cardiac development in a fetus is primarily complete during which of the following gestational week?
A)Week 5
B)Week 7
C)Week 10
D)Week 12
Q3) Using friction massage on a healed scar related to a cardiopulmonary disorder would BEST enhance which of the following structural changes in the pediatric patient?
A)Rib cage mobility
B)Flexibility
C)Strength
D)Posture
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22
Chapter 21: The Lymphatic System
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Q1) If a patient has lymphedema in the right upper extremity and plans to fly on an airplane,which of the following prevention strategies should be implemented to reduce the risk for increased lymphedema?
A)Wear a well-fitting pressure garment.
B)Get up from the seat frequently to walk in the aisle.
C)Wrap extra bandages over an existing compression garment.
D)Avoid prolonged sitting.
Q2) Which of the following physiological properties of the lymphatic system contribute to poor success of surgical procedures to replace lymphatic vessels with synthetic tubes?
A)Lymphangion unit that contracts under control of the autonomic nervous system
B)The extensive blood supply present for lymph node function
C)The presence of one-way valves in the system
D)The presence of a smooth muscle layer in the wall and valves
Q3) Which of the following pathological conditions results in primary lymphedema?
A)Infection
B)Radiation therapy
C)Hypoplasia of the lymphatic system
D)Chronic venous insufficiency
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Chapter 22: Outcome Measures:a Guide for the Evidence
Based Practice of Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy
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Q1) A patient who is found to have an ankle-brachial index of 0.45 is consistent with which of the following interpretations?
A)Considered a normal finding
B)Considered to have peripheral arterial disease
C)Anticipated to present with some form of claudication
D)Considered to be critical limb ischemia with rest pain,atrophy,and pulselessness
Q2) Which of the following clinical symptoms would lead to the end of a modified shuttle walk test or 6-minute walk test?
A)Patient is unable to continue per self-report.
B)Oxygen saturation is below a safe level for continued exertion.
C)Patient attains 85% of maximal predicted heart rate.
D)All of the above are valid reasons to end the test.
Q3) Health-related quality of life (HRQOL)assessment will assist the physical therapist with which of the following aspects of rehabilitation?
A)Choosing the most appropriate treatment intervention
B)Modifying treatment interventions
C)Measuring the results as a reflection of quality of care
D)All of the above
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