Public Policy Analysis
Textbook Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Public Policy Analysis explores the systematic evaluation of governmental actions designed to address public issues. The course introduces students to the models, tools, and techniques of policy analysis, focusing on problem definition, identification of policy alternatives, and the assessment of policy outcomes and impacts. Students will learn to apply qualitative and quantitative analytical methods to real-world policy problems, consider political and ethical implications, and understand the roles of stakeholders in the policy process. Emphasis is placed on developing practical skills for advising policymakers and contributing to effective public decision-making.
Recommended Textbook
The Challenge of Democracy American Government in Global Politics 13th Edition by Kenneth Janda
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Freedom, Order, or Equality
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Q1) An example of a government policy that promotes social equality without redistributing income is
A)Vermont's civil unions.
B)raising the minimum wage.
C)redefining the welfare eligibility cut-off income.
D)defense spending.
E)financial aid determination.
Answer: A
Q2) The national government can act on individuals if
A)the issue is important enough.
B)the action is based on a constitutionally delegated power.
C)the action would promote equality.
D)the action is intended to promote safety.
E)the individual is an especially prominent person.
Answer: B
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3
Chapter 2: Majoritarian or Pluralist Democracy
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Q1) Participatory democracy today
A)is rare in the United States but commonly practiced in Europe.
B)is common in the United States and in other democracies.
C)is common in the United States but rare in other democracies.
D)is common in the United States and Europe, but rare in other democracies.
E)is rare in the United States and in other democracies.
Answer: E
Q2) According to the text,does the United States better fit the pluralist model or the majoritarian model,and why?
Answer: According to the text, the United States better fits the pluralist model. This is because the pluralist model emphasizes the presence of multiple groups with competing interests and the ability for these groups to influence the political process. In the United States, there are numerous interest groups representing a wide range of issues and constituencies, and these groups play a significant role in shaping public policy and influencing government decisions. Additionally, the United States has a system of checks and balances, which allows for the representation of diverse interests and prevents any single group from dominating the political process. Overall, the presence of multiple competing groups and the ability for these groups to influence the political process aligns with the characteristics of the pluralist model.
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Chapter 3: The Constitution
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Sample Questions
Q1) The main argument against the need for a bill of rights was that
A)the national government would be weakened if limits on its powers were listed.
B)states could use the power of nullification if national laws violated individual liberties.
C)the Constitution established a government of limited powers; because the government was not given the power to regulate individual liberties, no bill of rights was necessary.
D)the states could easily withdraw from the Union if the national government violated individual liberties.
E)the design of the institutions of government would preclude them from abusing rights anyway.
Answer: C
Q2) Supporters of the Constitution named themselves
A)Republicans.
B)Democrats.
C)Sons of Liberty.
D)Antifederalists.
E)Federalists.
Answer: E
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Federalism
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Q1) Since 1995 the Supreme Court has frequently
A)favored national government supremacy.
B)allowed Congress to decide issues of state/federal power-sharing.
C)favored states' rights.
D)declined to hear cases involving power disputes between the national government and the states.
E)deferred in its decision-making to over 100 years of precedent in supreme court decisions.
Q2) How likely are voters to participate in state and local elections compared with national elections?
A)Less likely
B)More likely
C)Equally likely
D)No clear pattern
E)More likely if the issues are known and made clear to voters in advance
Q3) Explain the problems faced by Iraq in implementing a federal system similar to that in the United States.
Q4) Explain the concept of dual federalism and its essential premises.
Q5) Identify the key elements of cooperative federalism.
Q6) Compare the attitudes of conservatives and liberals to states' rights.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Public Opinion and Political Socialization
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Q1) The fact that ideological conservatives believed even more strongly that Iraq had weapons of mass destruction before the 2003 war after they were informed that subsequent investigations concluded that this was not true is an example of the A)backfire effect.
B)fog of war.
C)misinformation effect.
D)crowd delusion syndrome.
E)willfulness effect.
Q2) A January 2014 poll showed that ____ percent of Americans knew that the Affordable Care Act prohibits companies from denying health insurance to people because of any illnesses they may have.
A)54
B)34
C)74
D)14
E)94
Q3) Identify and discuss the factors that can cause polls results to be wrong.
Q4) How is gender related to political beliefs and opinion?
Q5) Discuss issue framing and how it can be used by politicians and others.
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Chapter 6: The Media
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Q1) The first media technology to make broadcast journalists into household names was
A)the newspaper.
B)the telegraph.
C)radio.
D)television.
E)cable.
Q2) A country where the government heavily censors Internet news and search engines is
A)Germany.
B)China.
C)South Africa.
D)Argentina.
E)Italy.
Q3) Which president first provided space in the White House for reporters?
A)Abraham Lincoln
B)John F. Kennedy
C)John Quincy Adams
D)Theodore Roosevelt
E)Ronald Reagan
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Participation and Voting
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Q1) During the Vietnam War,protesting students on college campuses
A)stopped traffic.
B)destroyed property.
C)occupied buildings.
D)boycotted classes and disrupted lectures.
E)All of the above are true.
Q2) If voter turnout was computed on the basis of registered voters,about ________ of Americans vote.
A)45 percent
B)50 percent
C)60 percent
D)70 percent
E)80 percent
Q3) Timothy McVeigh bombed the Oklahoma City federal building because he
A)believed the U.S. government had become a police state.
B)had a conflict with the IRS.
C)opposed the war in Iraq.
D)supported the ideology of al Qaeda.
E)wanted to ignite a war between the races in America.
Q4) How does political participation relate to freedom,equality,and order?
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Chapter 8: Political Parties
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Q1) Identify and describe the four different eras of political party dominance since the Civil War.
Q2) Explain the primary difference between a political party and an interest group,being sure to provide examples.
Q3) The _______ Party was an agrarian "free-silver" party that was attractive in part because it was seen as a response to the depression of 1896.
A)Whig
B)Conservative
C)Populist
D)Grand Old
E)Radical
Q4) The __________ party is probably the oldest political party in existence.
A)Republican
B)British Conservative
C)United Russia
D)British Whig
E)Democratic
Q5) Describe the principles of responsible party government and how well they are being achieved in American politics today.
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Chapter 9: Nominations, Elections, and Campaigns
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Q1) The SpeechNow.org v.FEC decision legalized _________.
A)527 groups
B)Super PACs
C)corporate spending advocating specific candidates
D)501(c)4 social welfare organizations
E)Congressional election committees
Q2) Discuss the importance of Iowa and New Hampshire to the presidential nominating process.
Q3) Explain the difference between a party-centered campaign and a candidate-centered campaign,and why the United States has moved from the former to the latter.
Q4) A national survey in January 2012 found that people were most likely to say they "learned something" about the presidential campaign or candidates from A)cable news.
B)local TV news.
C)network news.
D)the Internet.
E)newspapers.
Q5) Summarize the story of the Florida recount in the 2000 election.
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Chapter 10: Interest Groups
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Q1) The greater the potential number of members of a group,the more likely that individuals will ___________________.
A)contribute to the activities of the group
B)see the group as influential
C)make a financial contribution
D)decide to be free riders
E)question the sincerity of commitment to the stated goals of the group of its leaders
Q2) Formation of Super PACs was facilitated by the Supreme Court decision in A)Chavez v. Nizon.
B)Citizens United v. FEC.
C)Garcia v. Clinton.
D)Brown v. Bd. of Education.
E)Hamdan v. Rumsfeld.
Q3) Why has there been a significant increase in Washington,D.C.based health-care lobbyists over the years?
Q4) Describe lobbyists,their activities,and what they contribute to our political system.
Q5) Identify five ways that interest groups benefit our political system.
Q6) Discuss the tactics used by interest groups as part of information campaigns.
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Chapter 11: Congress
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Questions
Q1) The key feature of the Great Compromise was its provision for
A)population-based representation for states in the House and equal representation for states in the Senate.
B)equal representation for all states in both houses.
C)proportional representation based on electoral votes in the Senate and equal representation in the House.
D)population-based representation in both legislative bodies.
E)election of senators by state legislatures.
Q2) A key difference between the House and the Senate concerning bill procedures is the
A)Senate Appropriations Committee.
B)House Rules Committee.
C)Senate Ways and Means Committee.
D)prefiled bill requirement in the Senate.
E)House floor procedure.
Q3) Explain how growing partisanship in Congress represents a trend toward greater majoritarianism.
Q4) Discuss how their four major influences affect Congressional decision-making.
Q5) Discuss the president's veto power over legislation passed by Congress.
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Chapter 12: The Presidency
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Q1) __________ made important strides in foreign relations,completing an important arms control agreement with the Soviet Union and beginning negotiations with China,a country with which the United States had no formal prior diplomatic relations.
A)John F. Kennedy
B)Gerald Ford
C)Jimmy Carter
D)Richard Nixon
E)Harry Truman
Q2) Which of the following wars was fought without a formal congressional declaration of war?
A)The War of 1812
B)The Spanish-American War
C)World War I
D)World War II
E)The Vietnam War
Q3) How do political polarization in Congress and divided government affect the success with which the president pursues his agenda?
Q4) Provide four reasons why presidential cabinets are advisory bodies in theory,but not in reality.
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Chapter 13: The Bureaucracy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify the different types of governmental organizations and describe the features and functions of each.
Q2) The CIA is a good example of a federal
A)independent agency.
B)regulatory commission.
C)government corporation.
D)cabinet department.
E)None of these choices is true.
Q3) The purpose of the Pendleton Act of 1883 was to
A)provide public funding for presidential campaigns.
B)create the Central Intelligence Agency.
C)create government corporations.
D)establish the Justice Department.
E)reduce patronage by creating a civil service.
Q4) Describe what the Pendleton Act (1883)was,and how it helped reduce patronage.
Q5) Explain why presidents find the bureaucracy is not always as responsive as they might like.
Q6) Explain why attitudes changed in the twentieth century concerning government intervention in the economy,resulting in the growth of government bureaucracy.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: The Courts
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Q1) Discuss the process through which judges are appointed to the federal judiciary.
Q2) What was Alexander Hamilton's defense of judicial review in his essay Federalist No.78?
Q3) Judicial review is
A)the leading journal covering the actions and decisions of the courts.
B)the right of Congress to approve presidential nominations to the courts.
C)the power of the Supreme Court to declare laws invalid if they violate the Constitution.
D)the power of Congress to review the decisions of the courts.
E)the authority of a bureaucratic body to overrule judicial action that conflicts with its rules.
Q4) Which of the following can be used to overturn a Supreme Court decision declaring a federal law unconstitutional?
A)Congressional nullification
B)An amendment to the Constitution
C)Presidential veto
D)A national referendum
E)Judicial impeachment
Q5) Explain the difference between a civil and a criminal case.
Q6) What is the principle of stare decisis?
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Order and Civil Liberties
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Q1) The Constitution's _____________ clause prevents the government from interfering with religious practice.
A)establishment
B)essential freedoms
C)nondiscrimination
D)free exercise
E)religious freedom
Q2) Students demonstrating against the war in Iraq by wearing black armbands as a symbolic protest would probably be protected under which case ruling?
A)Smith v. City of Chicago
B)Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Co. School District
C)Evanston v. Texas Independent School District # 83
D)Albert v. University of Sacramento
E)Near v. Minnesota
Q3) What are the Miranda warnings?
Q4) Explain how the Supreme Court interpreted the Ninth Amendment to decide the Griswold v.Connecticut case.
Q5) Discuss the three prongs of the Lemon test,and give an example of a Supreme Court case that applied it.
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Chapter 16: Equality and Civil Rights
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Q1) What women's rights activist first persuaded a U.S.California senator to introduce a constitutional amendment calling for the right of women to vote?
A)Elizabeth Blackwell
B)Betty Friedan
C)Carrie Nation
D)Susan B. Anthony
E)Eleanor Roosevelt
Q2) What legislation did President Obama sign after becoming president that undid the 2007 Supreme Court decision making it more difficult for plaintiffs to bring lawsuits over pay discrimination?
A)The Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act
B)The Equal Pay Act
C)The EEOC Pay Reform Act
D)The Ruth Bader Ginsburg Act
E)None of the above is true.
Q3) Describe three different ways that Southern states passed laws to keep blacks from voting after passage of the Fifteenth Amendment.
Q4) What were the major provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
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Chapter 17: Economic Policy
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Q1) The House Armed Services Committee and the Senate Banking,Housing,and Urban Affairs Committee are __________ committees that review portions of the budget that pertain to their area of responsibility.
A)authorization
B)appropriations
C)tax
D)select
E)joint
Q2) Describe the difference between budget authority and budget outlays,and give an example of a federal budget outlay.
Q3) When John Maynard Keynes suggested deficit financing by the government to stabilize the economy,he was advocating the use of
A)fiscal policy.
B)monetary policy.
C)a business cycle.
D)an "invisible hand."
E)productive capacity.
Q4) Describe the process through which the U.S.budget is developed and passed.
Q5) What are the three ways the Fed controls the money supply?
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Chapter 18: Policymaking and Domestic Policy
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Q1) A young family has income falling below the federal poverty line.This family is most likely eligible for
A)the DREAM Act.
B)means-tested benefits.
C)Medicare
D)non-means-tested benefits.
E)DACA.
Q2) Social Security is referred to as a pay-as-you-go system,meaning that A)the U.S. government borrows the proceeds to pay recipients.
B)the system must be reappropriated by Congress each year.
C)today's workers support today's program beneficiaries.
D)all workers in effect pay for their own retirement by a mandatory process of savings.
E)any surpluses from the Social Security system go back into the government's general revenue.
Q3) Describe what the New Deal was,and how it was brought about by the Great Depression.
Q4) Explain how the Social Security tax works,and how Social Security's pay-as-you-go system poses problems for its future solvency.
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Page 20