Public Administration Leadership
Final Exam
Course Introduction
Public Administration Leadership explores the principles, practices, and challenges involved in leading public organizations and managing governmental affairs. This course examines various leadership theories and styles as they apply to the public sector, focusing on the development of effective leadership skills, ethical decision-making, strategic planning, and the fostering of organizational change. Students will analyze case studies of contemporary public sector leaders, address issues of diversity, accountability, and transparency, and develop practical approaches for motivating teams, managing conflicts, and navigating political environments to achieve public service goals.
Recommended Textbook
The Leadership Experience 7th Edition by Richard L. Daft
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15 Chapters
945 Verified Questions
945 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: What Does It Mean to Be a Leader
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63 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify the correct statement regarding leadership.
A) Leadership involves administrative paperwork.
B) Leadership involves noncoercive influence.
C) Leadership involves unidirectional influence.
D) Leadership involves maintaining the status quo.
Answer: B
Q2) The _____ of leadership conceptualized leadership as a single person who put everything together and influenced others to follow along based on the strength of inherited traits, qualities, and abilities.
Answer: Great Man theories
Q3) _____ refers to leadership influence based not on position or formal authority but, rather, on the qualities and personality of the leader.
Answer: Charismatic leadership
Q4) Which of the following statements is true of uniformity in organizations?
A) It is encouraged in the new paradigm of leadership.
B) People with similar job skills are placed in separate departments.
C) Homogenous groups find it challenging to communicate with one another.
D) Uniform thinking can be a disaster in a multinational and diverse world.
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Traits, Behaviors, and Relationships
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63 Verified Questions
63 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an underlying dimension of job-centered leadership behavior?
A) Leader support
B) Interaction facilitation
C) Conflict minimization
D) Goal emphasis
Answer: D
Q2) Clarifying job responsibilities is an example of _____ leader behavior.
Answer: task-oriented
Q3) If Nancy uses employee-centered leadership, which of the following actions is she more likely to perform if a project is behind schedule?
A) Support the team's efforts and settle any conflicts that might be a distraction.
B) Assign more workers to the task
C) Ask the current team members to work longer hours.
D) Restructure the task so it is easier to complete on time.
Answer: A
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4
Chapter 3: Contingency Approaches to Leadership
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the path-goal theory of leadership, when a subordinate is unchallenged by a task, a(n) _____ is used to set higher goals.
A) supportive leadership behavior
B) empowering leadership behavior
C) directive leadership behavior
D) achievement-oriented leadership behavior
Answer: D
Q2) Some situations don't require leadership. Discuss.
Answer: Answers will vary. Students should explain that situational variables can be so powerful that they actually substitute for or neutralize the need for leadership. For example, highly educated, professional subordinates who know how to do their tasks do not need a leader who initiates structure for them and tells them what to do. In addition, long-term education often develops autonomous, self-motivated individuals. Thus, task-oriented and people-oriented leadership is substituted by professional education and socialization. Exhibit 3.10 shows the situational variables that tend to substitute for or neutralize leadership characteristics.
Q3) _____ refers to a theory meaning one thing depends on other things.
Answer: Contingency
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5
Chapter 4: The Leader As Individual
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Sample Questions
Q1) A less conscientious person tends to be easily distracted and impulsive.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Self-awareness is important for leaders. Discuss.
Q3) A(n) _____ is an evaluation-either positive or negative-about people, events, or things.
Q4) Which of the following statements is true of the whole brain concept?
A) It proves that the concept of left-brained versus right-brained thinking is entirely accurate physiologically.
B) It does not consider a person's preference for right-brained versus left-brained thinking.
C) It considers a person's preference for conceptual versus experiential thinking.
D) It does not support the idea that everyone uses both left-brained and right-brained thinking.
Q5) ______ is the tendency to assign an individual to a group or broad category and then to attribute widely held generalizations about the group to the individual.
Q6) Describe the personality dimensions of extroversion and agreeableness.
Q7) Explain the role of values in leadership.
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Chapter 5: Leadership Mind and Emotion
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63 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A key component of leadership is:
A) accepting the standard way of doing things.
B) being emotionally connected to others.
C) regarding assumptions as fixed truths.
D) employing fear-based motivation.
Q2) _____, a component of emotional intelligence, refers to the ability to understand others.
Q3) Explain the interdependence of the elements of mind.
Q4) An effective leader:
A) goes along with the traditional way of doing things.
B) sticks to a mental model that sees everything from one's own personal perspective.
C) does not apologize to his or her subordinates.
D) does not follow his or her assumptions because they led to success in the past.
Q5) Which of the following is true of people who work in fear-based organizations?
A) They lead with head and heart.
B) They often leave the organization.
C) They take risks and challenge the status quo.
D) They respect and trust their managers.
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Chapter 6: Courage and Moral Leadership
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Sample Questions
Q1) The management at Eastrock School of Business and Management has given janitors the responsibility of managing supplies while keeping within the budget. Thus, the janitors feel that they are part of the team that keeps the organization running smoothly. In the given scenario, the management's style of leadership is:
A) preconventional management.
B) servant leadership.
C) authoritarian leadership.
D) participative management.
Q2) Patricia is a member of the board of directors of Brightlake Medical College. She fires a teacher with lax ethical standards who treats his colleagues unfairly. In the given scenario, she is committed to:
A) creating closed-door policies.
B) avoiding shareholder questions.
C) firing principals who do not produce short-term results.
D) sound ethics and transparency.
Q3) Describe how the current ethical climate in U.S. business can be improved.
Q4) What are the ways in which leaders can unlock the courage within themselves?
Q5) At the _____ level of personal moral development, an individual follows the rules to avoid punishment.
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Chapter 7: Followership
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63 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The benefits followers receive from leadership coaching include:
A) gaining a new perspective.
B) doing only what is told.
C) avoiding conflict.
D) utilizing uncritical thinking skills.
Q2) Leadership coaching involves:
A) judging followers' performance.
B) directing and controlling behavior.
C) telling followers what to do.
D) empowering followers to explore.
Q3) An alienated follower is an independent, critical thinker who is active in an organization.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following sources of power for managing up is based on the follower's personal power?
A) Visible position
B) Expertise
C) Network of relationships
D) Flow of information
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Chapter 8: Motivation and Empowerment
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ refers to the forces either internal or external to a person that arouse enthusiasm and persistence to pursue a certain course of action.
Q2) Explain positive reinforcement with a suitable example.
Q3) Which of the following is true of extrinsic rewards?
A) They are under the control of an individual.
B) They come from solving problems to benefit others.
C) They are given by another person, typically a supervisor.
D) They appeal to the "higher" needs of individuals.
Q4) Which of the following is true of the equity theory of motivation?
A) Motivation depends on individuals' mental expectations about their ability to perform tasks and receive desired rewards.
B) Behavior that is not reinforced with positive attention and rewards will gradually disappear.
C) People will believe they are treated fairly if they perceive their rewards as equal to what others receive for similar contributions.
D) If the outcomes that are available from high effort and good performance are not valued by an employee, motivation will be low.
Q5) Describe the reinforcement perspective on motivation.
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Chapter 9: Leadership Communication
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63 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The traditional role of a manager is that of a(n):
A) encoder.
B) sensegiver.
C) communication champion.
D) information processor.
Q2) _____ is a nonverbal method of communication used by leaders to convey the value of feedback.
Q3) Electronic methods of communication:
A) can increase the potential for communication errors.
B) support the emotional well-being of employees.
C) have slowed down the communication process.
D) have increased instances of "human moments."
Q4) _____ refers to the process of influencing how others construct meaning and comprehend the organization and their place in it.
Q5) To communicate in a crisis, leaders should:
A) avoid visibility among followers.
B) convey a vision for the future.
C) encourage rumors if they help the situation.
D) instill a sense of uncertainty so that all possible avenues are explored.
Q6) Why do leaders ask questions?
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Leading Teams
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Sample Questions
Q1) An advantage of virtual teams is the ability to rapidly assemble a talented group of people.
A)True
B)False
Q2) _____ is a form of adversarial negotiation in which conflicting parties compete to win the most resources and give up as little as possible.
A) Integrative negotiation
B) Distributive negotiation
C) Groupthink
D) Brainstorming
Q3) In terms of the common team dysfunctions, inattention to results leads members to:
A) hide conflicting opinions.
B) put personal ambition ahead of collective results.
C) engage in finger-pointing when things go wrong.
D) have a lack of commitment to decisions.
Q4) Effective leaders should use the same conflict resolution style in every situation.
A)True
B)False
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Developing Leadership Diversity
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ refers to strong support from a powerfully positioned executive who is willing to put his or her reputation on the line to promote an individual's advancement to higher organizational levels.
A) Employee affinity
B) Ethnocentrism
C) Prejudice
D) Sponsorship
Q2) Which of the following factors has led to an expanding attitude toward diversity?
A) Changing demographics
B) Growing population
C) Increasing salaries
D) Improving technology
Q3) Why are attitudes toward diversity changing?
Q4) Which of the following statements is true of a diverse workforce?
A) It can build stronger connections with various customers.
B) It degrades the value of an organization.
C) It causes an organization to lose its competitive advantage.
D) It reinforces the glass ceiling in an organization.
Q5) Describe the various stages of personal diversity awareness.
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Chapter 12: Leadership Power and Influence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Briefly describe the human resource frame of leader orientation.
Q2) Which of the following types of leaders uses unconventional means to transcend the status quo and create change?
A) Charismatic leaders
B) Coalitional leaders
C) Transactional leaders
D) Machiavellian-style leaders
Q3) Power is realized through the processes of politics and _____.
Q4) Follower _____, a response to the use of power, helps to overcome the fear associated with change efforts.
A) compliance
B) commitment
C) resistance
D) submission
Q5) In the political frame of leader reference, leaders perceive an organization as a system of shared meaning and values.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Discuss the six tactics for asserting leader influence.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Creating Vision and Strategic Direction
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a difference between strategies and execution?
A) Strategies specify what we do right now, whereas execution provides direction for translating a vision into action.
B) Strategies do not come naturally, whereas execution comes naturally.
C) Strategies are more important than execution in strategic leadership.
D) Strategies are intentions, whereas execution is through the basic organizational architecture that makes things happen.
Q2) Ivan wants to identify his company's core competence so he can develop successful strategies. His company hires highly qualified people to provide computer repairs for its customers. Every repair worker goes to customer sites with as much equipment as possible to quickly complete repairs. Unlike other computer repair companies in town, Ivan guarantees same-day repair. If repairs can't be completed on the same day, Ivan's company will probably lose that dissatisfied customer's business. What is Ivan's company's core competence?
A) Hiring workers
B) Acquiring new clients
C) Providing computer repairs
D) Providing same-day service
Q3) The mission is made up of two critical parts: the core values and the _____.
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Shaping Culture and Values
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ refers to the degree of agreement among employees about the importance of specific values and ways of doing things.
Q2) Values and practices such as integrity, humility, respect, and personal reflection are considered as:
A) slogans.
B) cultural strengths.
C) spiritual ideals.
D) symbols.
Q3) Why are selection and socialization important in shaping culture?
Q4) Leaders at Baxter International Inc. removed a product from the market when several people died after undergoing dialysis using a Baxter filter. This is an example of:
A) a company emphasizing ethics.
B) a company providing spiritual leadership.
C) a company guilty of a moral lapse.
D) a company with a weak organizational culture.
Q5) A(n) _____ is a planned activity that makes up a special event and is generally conducted for the benefit of an audience.
Q6) Briefly describe the three levels of corporate culture.
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Chapter 15: Leading Change
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ means to go deeply into a single area or topic to spark personal creativity, which has been called thinking "inside the box."
Q2) To help someone change means first denying emotions associated with endings and losses and trying to talk people out of feeling them.
A)True
B)False
Q3) During the _____ stage of appreciative inquiry, the unique qualities of a group that have contributed to an organization's success are identified.
Q4) Personal compacts:
A) are the reciprocal obligations and commitments that define the relationship between employees and organizations.
B) represent the second stage of creativity.
C) incorporate elements such as mutual trust and dependence, as well as shared values.
D) occur during a mental pause, a period of mixed tension and relaxation.
Q5) Explain the importance of allowing pauses for promoting creativity.
Q6) How can leaders foster a creative culture in organizations?
Q7) Discuss electronic brainstorming.
17
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