Public Administration Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Public Administration explores the principles, processes, and structures involved in the management of public sector organizations. The course examines the role of government agencies, the development and implementation of public policy, organizational behavior, public budgeting, and the ethical and legal frameworks that guide public administrators. Students will analyze case studies to understand decision-making, performance management, intergovernmental relations, and citizen engagement, preparing them for effective leadership and management within public service institutions.
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American Government 2014 Election 12th Edition by Karen OConnor Available
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Chapter 1: American Government: Roots, context, and Culture
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Q1) How many citizens did the Constitution initially mandate that each member of the House of Representatives should represent?
A) 30,000
B) 60,000
C) 100,000
D) 130,000
Answer: A
Q2) The Framers did not envision that the U.S.government would do as much to "promote the general welfare" as it has been doing in recent years.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) In general,which of the following is true about the U.S.population?
A) It is mostly under the age of thirty.
B) It is getting older.
C) It is becoming more homogeneous.
D) It is becoming more Christian.
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: The Constitution
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Q1) How did the Stamp Act help set the country on a path to independence?
Answer: An ideal response will:
1.Explain the requirements of the Stamp Act.
2.Discuss the colonial response to the Stamp Act.
3.Evaluate how the response to the Stamp Act pushed the colonists toward revolution.
Q2) The Constitution was ratified in 1776.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) The Stamp Act was a major catalyst for the Declaration of Independence.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) The division of the power of government into the legislative,executive,and judicial branches illustrates the __________ established by the Constitution.
Answer: separation of powers
Q5) Article II of the Constitution addresses the powers of the __________ branch. Answer: executive
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Chapter 3: The Federal System
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Q1) The supremacy clause establishes that state laws will prevail over conflicting federal laws.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Same-sex marriage advocates argue that the __________ clause of the Constitution means that legally sanctioned same-sex marriages performed in one state should automatically be recognized by other states.
A) commerce
B) supremacy
C) full faith and credit
D) equal protection
Answer: C
Q3) The privileges and immunities clause guarantees that each citizen of a state is guaranteed the same __________ as citizens of other states.
Answer: rights
Q4) In __________,the Supreme Court said that Congress could create a national bank and that Maryland could not tax it.
Answer: McCulloch v.Maryland
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Chapter 4: Civil Liberties
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Q1) What did Abington School District v.Schempp find to be unconstitutional?
A) state-mandated Bible reading
B) forced sterilization
C) discrimination against homosexuals
D) imprisonment without a trial
Q2) Prior to ratification of the U.S.Constitution,state constitutions provided little protection for personal liberties.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What is the difference between substantive and procedural due process?
Q4) Yelling "Fire!" in a crowded theater is a classic example of speech that creates a __________.
Q5) In the 1970s,the Supreme Court suspended __________ because it was being imposed arbitrarily.After states made their laws and practices less arbitrary,it was later reinstated.
Q6) What are the historical roots of the right to bear arms?
Q7) How does the Lemon test examine the constitutionality of religious establishment issues?
Page 6
Q8) Why does the plight of the Guantanamo detainees raise concerns about civil liberties?
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Chapter 5: Civil Rights
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Q1) According to the Supreme Court's decisions in the Civil Rights Cases (1883),in which of the following areas could Congress prohibit discrimination against African Americans?
A) theaters
B) hotels
C) post offices
D) private homes
Q2) Which of the following led President Abraham Lincoln to describe the author as "the little woman who started the big war"?
A) Betty Friedan's The Feminine Mystique
B) Elizabeth Cady Stanton's The Seneca Falls Convention
C) Lucretia Mott's The World Anti-Slavery Society
D) Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin
Q3) Outline an affirmative action program for public university admissions that would pass constitutional muster.
Q4) Make an argument for interpreting the Fourteenth Amendment as supporting the right of gays and lesbians to get married to their same-sex partners.
Q5) What are grandfather clauses? Why were they enacted?
Q6) The __________ Amendment guarantees African Americans the right to vote.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Congress
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Q1) What occurs at a congressional party conference?
A) Democrats take questions from the press.
B) Democrats review bills passed at the end of a session of Congress.
C) Republicans and Democrats meet to build rapport and plan bills.
D) Republicans discuss party strategy.
Q2) The House currently has 435 members,but this number increases automatically every ten years after the census is conducted.
A)True
B)False
Q3) __________ is a good example of congressional casework.
A) Analysis of an incumbent's policy positions prior to a debate
B) Analysis of water quality within a district
C) Helping a constituent navigate red tape
D) Assisting a federal agency operating within a member's district
Q4) At their party __________ at the beginning of each new Congress,Democrats will meet to nominate or elect party officers,review committee assignments,discuss party policy,impose party discipline,set party themes,and coordinate media.
Q5) What did the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 create?
Q6) Describe Congress's oversight mechanisms.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: The Presidency
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Questions
Q1) Under President Obama,there are about 500 members of the __________ who serve as close,personal advisers to the president and are not subject to Senate confirmation.
A) White House staff
B) Executive Office of the President
C) Cabinet
D) Council of Presidential Advisors
Q2) Which presidential power is checked by required approval of the Senate with a two-thirds vote?
A) extending diplomatic recognition to foreign governments
B) terminating relations with other nations
C) negotiating treaties with other nations
D) negotiating executive agreements with foreign heads of state
Q3) Presidents tend to have higher approval ratings at the beginning of their term.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is the role of executive agreements in foreign policy? When are they used?
Q5) As a result of the __________ scandal,Richard Nixon resigned to avoid impeachment and a Senate trial.
Page 9
Q6) Describe the informal powers of the president.
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Chapter 8: The Executive Branch and the Federal
Bureaucracy
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Q1) The __________ led to the creation of the civil service system,even though it initially covered only 10 percent of the federal workforce.
Q2) What has been the effect of requirements that agencies conduct a formal hearing before issuing rules?
A) Criticism of rules is increased because the public is more informed.
B) Public input typically speeds up the process.
C) The courts tend to give greater deference to agency decisions.
D) The president becomes more directly involved in the procedure.
Q3) Why was the spoils system ultimately replaced by the civil service system?
A) due to growing concerns about a poorly functioning federal bureaucracy
B) due to public pressure to shrink the size of the federal bureaucracy
C) due to a Supreme Court decision ruling the spoils system unconstitutional
D) due to congressional demands for greater control over the federal bureaucracy
Q4) One function of __________ is to provide public services that the private sector is unlikely to do.
Q5) Under the __________ system,jobs in the federal bureaucracy are awarded on the basis of skills and expertise.
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Q6) How does the Administrative Procedures Act (APA)influence rule making by departments and agencies?
Chapter 9: The Judiciary
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Q1) Who represents the federal government in appeals to the Supreme Court?
A) attorney general
B) president
C) Speaker of the House
D) solicitor general
Q2) Litigants have an automatic right of appeal to the Supreme Court.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following can modify or reverse a decision of the Supreme Court?
A) an executive order
B) a district court
C) a constitutional amendment
D) a writ of certiorari
Q4) What do presidents look for in selecting a Supreme Court justice?
Q5) A lawyer's spoken presentation to the Court of the legal reasons why his or her client should win is called the __________.
Q6) John has been convicted of violating a federal criminal statute.Explain how John's case could reach the Supreme Court.
Q7) If North Dakota sues South Dakota,the case will be heard by the __________.
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Chapter 10: Public Opinion and Political Socialization
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Q1) A population is a subset of the entire group of people whose attitudes a researcher wishes to measure.
A)True
B)False
Q2) "If you knew that Candidate X cheated on her taxes,would you vote for her?" is a question typical of __________.
Q3) The __________,a popular magazine that first began national presidential polling in 1916,was a pioneer in the use of the straw poll.
Q4) Many American ideals,including hard work and personal responsibility,are rooted in our nation's __________ heritage.
Q5) Kids Voting for Texas is an optional part of the civics curriculum in Texas designed to let students between the ages of ten and fourteen have an authentic voting experience at the polls throughout the state.Discuss this program in the context of political socialization.
Q6) The process through which individuals acquire their beliefs about politics is known as __________.
Q7) The unintended influence of the questioner or pollster may lead to __________.
Q8) How does the president attempt to mold public opinion?
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Chapter 11: Political Parties
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Q1) The modern era of political parties is notable for the rise of the political party organization and a move away from the candidate-centered politics of the nineteenth century.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A __________ is a dramatic shift in partisan preferences that drastically alters the political landscape.
Q3) What has become the most powerful predictor of how members of Congress vote?
A) economic circumstances
B) their campaign finances
C) how hot-button issues are being discussed in the media
D) party affiliation
Q4) A tactic known as __________ allows political parties to identify potential voters based on a wealth of data including consumer preferences,personal habits,and past voting behavior.
Q5) Virtually all government regulation of political parties falls to the states.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Why do other democracies have more political parties than does the United States?
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Elections and Voting
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Q1) Which of the following is a criticism of early voting?
A) It allows for more special interest influence.
B) It decreases the importance of campaigns.
C) It increases the potential for voter fraud.
D) It leads to front-loading.
Q2) What are ballot measures? What is an argument in favor of ballot measures,and what is an argument opposing ballot measures? With which side do you agree? Justify your answer.
Q3) What are advantages and disadvantages of the winner-take-all primary? Which party allows winner-take-all primaries?
Q4) A __________ primary is an election in which only a party's registered voters are eligible to participate.
Q5) According to political scientists,which of the following has historically been the most successful mobilizer of Americans to vote?
A) family and friends
B) television advertisements
C) political parties
D) voter registration drives
Q6) __________ is voting for candidates of different parties in the same election.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: The Campaign Process
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Q1) The __________ is the bureaucratic agency in charge of monitoring federal campaign activity.
A) Federal Election Commission
B) Election Finance Commission
C) Federal Voting Committee
D) Voter Regulation Board
Q2) Which of the following events during the 2012 general election caused consternation for President Obama's campaign?
A) Michelle Obama's reluctance to say the Pledge of Allegiance when she visited an elementary school
B) Vice President Joe Biden's nomination speech
C) the attack on the U.S. consulate in Benghazi
D) a suggestion that Obama would never receive the votes of 47 percent of Americans who were dependent on public assistance
Q3) The nomination campaign may begin years before the actual election.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Compare and contrast 527 political committees and 501(c)groups.
Q5) What activities do candidates concentrate on during the nomination campaign?
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Chapter 14: The News Media
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Q1) Television and radio are regulated by the federal government because __________.
A) a free press requires the number of broadcast stations to be kept in check
B) they are considered dangerous to the spirit of democracy
C) the airwaves are public property
D) they are specifically regulated by the U.S. Constitution
Q2) AIM and FAIR are __________.
A) partisan watchdogs of the media
B) governmental agencies that regulate the media
C) citizen journalist cooperatives
D) partnerships between television news networks designed to aid journalistic accuracy
Q3) A form of journalism that was popular in the late nineteenth century and featured pictures,comics,color,and sensationalized,oversimplified news coverage was called
A) muckraking
B) the penny press
C) blue dog journalism
D) yellow journalism
Q4) A __________ is a relatively restricted session between a press secretary or aide and the press.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Interest Groups
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Q1) Distinguish between public interest groups and economic groups.Provide examples of each.
Q2) What is the free rider problem? Describe two ways that an interest group can overcome this problem.
Q3) Which of the following is an example of the free rider problem?
A) a political action committee contributing to candidates from both major political parties
B) an elected official relying on information from lobbyists
C) an environmentalist deciding not to join an environmental group but appreciating the group's environmental stewardship
D) an environmental group disagreeing on what policy goals to pursue
Q4) One way that interest groups can influence court cases they are interested in is by filing a(n)__________.
Q5) The Honest Leadership and Open Government Act of 2007 banned gifts and honoraria to members of Congress and their staffs.
A)True
B)False
Q6) The freedom of association is guaranteed in the __________ Amendment to the Constitution.
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Domestic Policy
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Q1) What are the arguments for and against school voucher programs? Evaluate whether you think voucher programs are a good idea.
Q2) List and explain the differences between the elite,bureaucratic,special interest,and pluralist theories of public policy formation.
Q3) Barack Obama signed a law that cut student loan programs by about 30 percent.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is partially funded by an increase in Medicare taxes on those with high incomes.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Which of the following is a criticism of No Child Left Behind (NCLB)?
A) NCLB mandates changes but does not sufficiently fund these changes.
B) The federal government spends more on public education than do the states, yet has little control over the implementation of NCLB.
C) The schools that get higher test scores should also receive more money.
D) Local school districts are exempt from the mandates of NCLB.
Q6) What federal environmental laws were passed in the early 1970s?
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Chapter 17: Economic Policy
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Q1) Social Security is a pension program that collects and invests contributions from workers and then returns these funds with interest to retirees.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Monetary policy uses the money supply to affect growth in the U.S.economy.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Keynesian economic policies promote deficit spending in order to reduce __________ and stimulate the economy.
A) exports
B) imports
C) inflation
D) unemployment
Q4) Discuss the differences in philosophy,key actors,and tools of fiscal and monetary policy.Should the federal government give preference to one or the other? Why or why not?
Q5) The federal government relies on a(n)__________ tax paid by employers to fund unemployment insurance.
Q6) What was the purpose of TARP,and how was it designed to work?
Page 19
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Chapter 18: Foreign and Defense Policy
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Q1) Why has the United States taken a keen interest in China in recent years?
A) The United States wants to ensure that China does not fall into communist rule.
B) The United States wants China to be a bastion of democracy in an otherwise volatile area of the world.
C) China has a large supply of oil that can be exported to the United States.
D) China is a large market and a rapidly growing economic and military power.
Q2) Who is preeminent in U.S.foreign and military policy?
A) the Joint Chiefs of Staff
B) the president
C) the State Department
D) the National Security Council
Q3) The Cold War strategy of __________ was intended to prevent nuclear warfare by having a large enough nuclear arsenal that the Soviet Union would not dare challenge the United States.
Q4) Terrorists are most likely to target which of the following?
A) elected officials
B) members of the military
C) noncombatants
D) bureaucrats
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