Psychology of Prejudice and Discrimination Test Bank
Course Introduction
This course explores the psychological foundations and social consequences of prejudice and discrimination. Students will examine the development and maintenance of stereotypes, prejudice, and discriminatory behavior by drawing on theories and research from social, cognitive, and developmental psychology. The course highlights how individual, group, and societal factors contribute to harmful biases and inequality. Specific topics include implicit bias, the influences of culture and media, intersectionality, and strategies for reducing prejudice and promoting social justice. Through critical analysis and reflection, students will gain a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying prejudice and consider evidence-based interventions to create more inclusive environments.
Recommended Textbook
Social Psychology 1st Edition by Thomas E. Heinzen
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Page 2
Chapter 1: An Introduction to Social Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which research tool makes al groups in a particular experiment equal before any intervention takes place
A) single-blind procedure
B) double-blind procedure
C) random assignment to groups
D) observational research methods
Answer: C
Q2) Social psychology focuses on how three main areas affect our everyday lives. Which of the following is one of these main areas of focus
A) social norms
B) social deviance
C) social thinking
D) social conflict
Answer: C
Q3) Sometimes, ethical concerns may prohibit researchers from conducting true experiments.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Research Methods
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which type of research design investigates change that occurs among different groups of participants
A) within-participants design
B) posttest-only control group design
C) pretest-posttest control group design
D) between-participants design
Answer: D
Q2) Sanjay scored 100% on a written test on how to insert an IV. But when attempting to insert an IV in a patient's veins, he made several attempts before succeeding. What does the written test lack
A) internal validity
B) external validity
C) reliability
D) generalizability
Answer: A
Q3) A p value of .01 is statistically significant.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: The Social Self
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is thought of as an early sign of self-awareness in humans
A) crying
B) cooing
C) laughing
D) imitating
Answer: D
Q2) Boosting self-esteem helps solve social problems that the self-esteem movement hoped it would solve.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Presenting different parts of our self-concept in different social situations is an example of______.
A) self-presentation theory
B) self-awareness
C) social identity theory
D) self-comparison
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Social Cognition
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Sample Questions
Q1) Three-year-old Kevin described how a dinosaur ate the chocolate cake. His mother favored the simpler explanation that Kevin ate it. On what concept is his mother relying
A) experience
B) priming
C) principle of parsimony
D) heuristics
Q2) The more information we are faced with at the same time, the more likely we are to make errors.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which is the most likely effect of using upward counterfactual thinking
A) feeling disappointed
B) feeling completely despondent
C) feeling irritated
D) feeling unsure
Q4) Summarize the differences between intuition and logic.
Q5) Explosive vocabulary growth is best explained by the use of logic.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Person Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) Define the universality hypothesis and explain the methodology of two studies that support the hypothesis.
Q2) The halo effect is an entirely social perception of a person that is constructed around a single trait.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Tia thinks that most students fail because of personal characteristics, like laziness or low IQ. Tia is relying on what to make her decision
A) external attribution
B) covariation model of attribution
C) internal attribution
D) principle of noncommon effects
Q4) Peter believed that a "silent majority" of the people would vote for him on election day, despite polls to the contrary. This is an example of ______.
A) fundamental attribution error
B) actor-observer bias
C) truly false consensus effect
D) false uniqueness bias
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Chapter 6: Attitudes and Persuasion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is a criticism of the IAT
A) It does not predict prejudiced behavior.
B) It captures automatic beliefs.
C) It is too simple.
D) It is only useful at measuring individuals, not group averages.
Q2) A researcher pretending to be a participant is known as ______.
A) surveyor
B) confederate
C) assistant
D) decoy
Q3) What is the proposition that we learn attitudes by observing and imitating others
A) self-affirmation
B) operant conditioning
C) social learning theory
D) classical conditioning
Q4) Operant conditioning shapes attitudes through punishment and reward.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain how commitment and consistency are related to the lowball technique.
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Chapter 7: Social Influence: Conformity, Social Roles, and Obedience
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the spontaneous distribution of ideas, attitudes, and behaviors among larger groups of people
A) flash mob
B) social norms
C) conformity
D) social contagion
Q2) Behaving or believing as other members of a group when that information is not shared with other is known as what
A) informational social influence
B) generational influence
C) public conformity
D) private conformity
Q3) Darnell lost his wedding ring but could not find it in the tall grass. He needed help and convinced one person to stop. Soon, he had 30 passersby helping him, and one found the ring. What concept did Darnell understand
A) obedience
B) social contagion
C) social norms
D) herd mentality
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Group Processes
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Sample Questions
Q1) Many times parents will treat the youngest child differently than the oldest child. Which term best describes this shift
A) transformational
B) transactional
C) task
D) contingency
Q2) The members to the Lewis and Clark expedition formed bonds as they both suffered and celebrated together. What is this phenomenon called
A) social support
B) sense of identity
C) safety
D) group cohesiveness
Q3) Which feeling of belonging did the research team demonstrate in the Robert Taylor Housing Projects study
A) sense of identity
B) meaningful information
C) safety
D) social support
Q4) Explain how a group can provide a sense of identity. Give at least two examples.
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Chapter 9: Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination
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Sample Questions
Q1) Helen treats her grandma like a child and calls her new romantic relationship "cute." This is an example of ______.
A) positive stereotype
B) paternalistic prejudice
C) contemptuous prejudice
D) envious prejudice
Q2) The idea that women are either virtuous angels or sinful devils has been called ______.
A) benevolent sexism
B) hostile sexism
C) modern-symbolic sexism
D) virgin/whore false dichotomy
Q3) "Why can't we have a Straight Pride parade?" This statement is an example of ______.
A) benevolent prejudice
B) modern-symbolic prejudice
C) old-fashioned prejudice
D) ambivalent prejudice
Q4) Name one study that shows the effect of cooperation on racism.
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Chapter 10: Helping Prosocial Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a statement you would expect to hear from someone high in conscientiousness
A) Someone will take care of it, I'm sure.
B) My job has too many stupid little rules.
C) I enjoy doing everything just right.
D) Just get it to good enough.
Q2) Joshua loves making his friends laugh, and he performs in the local civic theatre. Joshua is likely high in introversion.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Based on the studies presented in the text, which child will develop prosocial moral reasoning the earliest
A) Eva, who has never been formally educated
B) Charlie, whose school focuses on rote learning
C) Della, whose school emphasizes text memorization
D) Regina, whose school emphasizes critical thinking
Q4) The movie star showed up the gala for orphaned children, largely show she could be photographed with cute children shortly before Oscar season arrived. What type of helping behavior is this?
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Chapter 11: Aggression
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Q1) Describe the Bobo doll studies and explain the effects of adult and child modeling on aggression. Make sure to show effects of gender, punishment, and reward.
Q2) Some people believe that women's relative equality in Swedish culture leads some men to feel threatened and feel the need to aggress toward women as a way of regaining power. This idea is called what
A) purposeful aggression
B) backlash
C) "crisis of masculinity"
D) culture of honor
Q3) What are statements or behaviors that invalidate a target's feelings
A) microinsults
B) microinvalidations
C) escalation of aggression effect
D) microasaults
Q4) The Bandura studies show that girls are less influenced by violent media because they are naturally less aggressive.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What is a term for when human or animal behavior is determined by biology?
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Chapter 12: Intimate Relationships
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following describes the relationship between alternatives and commitment
A) positive correlation
B) negative correlation
C) causal
D) independent
Q2) Social psychology asserts that cultural preferences and ______ impulses create physical attraction.
A) biological
B) sexist
C) uncontrollable
D) genetic
Q3) Several studies have found that women are more likely to be upset by which of the following
A) paternity uncertainty
B) maternity uncertainty
C) sexual infidelity
D) emotional infidelity
Q4) What is the relationship between parenting and attachment theory?
Q5) Describe an example of how mere exposure may contribute to initial attraction.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Social Psychology and a Sustainable Environment
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Q1) Which of the following accurately describes the Earth's thresholds
A) each of the Earth's many "compartments"
B) Earth's capacity for pollution, overcrowding, or other concerns
C) changes in Earth's subsystems due to environmental decay
D) Earth's ability to maintain steady rainfall and temperature
Q2) You are a social psychologist who is assessing the reliability and validity of an environmental research study's conclusion. In which way are you responding to the unique threat posed by multple threshold effects
A) evaluating scientific claim
B) prioritizing what environmental faucet needs fixing
C) persuading others that science has value
D) analyzing data regarding the extent of enviornmental damage
Q3) Which of the following environmental issues is rooted in social interaction
A) littering
B) noise
C) smoke pollution
D) chemical spills
Q4) What is the tragedy of commons? What is its relationship to the sustainability crisis?
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Chapter 14: Social Psychology of Law and the Courtroom
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Q1) Cordelia's job is to help prepare witnesses to testify during court cases. Which of the following would Cordelia be considered
A) evaluator
B) dispute mediator
C) trial consultant
D) reformer
Q2) In general, psychology determines what is right by virtue of ______.
A) prior authority
B) precedent
C) empirical observations
D) ongoing events
Q3) Robert specializes in helping parties settle disagreements outside of court. Which of the following would Robert be considered
A) evaluator
B) dispute mediator
C) trial consultant
D) reformer
Q4) What role might a dispute mediator play during divorce proceedings involving families with children?
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Chapter 15: Social Psychology of Stress and Health
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Q1) Which of the following can help you agree on the goal of your consultancy
A) attitude changes
B) subjective norms
C) intuition
D) assessment
Q2) What does the theory of cognitive dissonance propose
A) People may have declining health when exposed to small amounts of stress over time.
B) People are motivated to change when they hold incompatible beliefs and behaviors.
C) People of certain personality types have the ability to stay physiologically calm.
D) People require high cognitive ability and good memories to adhere to treatment planes.
Q3) What role do summative and formative assessment play in medical care?
Q4) The grade you receive on a final paper is an example of which of the following
A) formative assessment
B) summative assessment
C) reciprocity
D) authority
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Chapter 16: Social Psychology and Happiness: Positive
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Q1) The disease model is the negative, historical approach to psychology that was desperately needed during WWII.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Describe how the peer-review process influenced perceptions about positive psychology at the beginning of the field's growth.
Q3) Building a scientific foundation for positive psychology will require which of the following
A) studies focused on eliminating all confounding factors
B) many clinicians considers their successes and failures
C) research showing weaknesses in individuals have been repaired
D) many life coaches establishing a peer-reviewed licensure process
Q4) Which of the follow describes the study of how humans achieve and maintain happiness
A) social psychology
B) positive psychology
C) positive institutions
D) social norms
Q5) What areas of overlap exist between sports psychology and positive psychology?
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Chapter 17: Social Psychology and Behavioral
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Q1) A new game show asks two strangers to negotiate with one another to determine whether they will split a shared prize or whether they will steal the prize only for themselves. If both decide to split, then prize money is split. If one decides to steal, then the stealer wins the entire prize. If both decide to steal, then no one wins. What does this exemplify
A) the Prisoner's Dilemma
B) the Ultimatum game
C) rational economic thinking
D) prospect theory
Q2) Mateo is a social psychologist who studies behaviors and psychological factors that influence how people choose items they will buy or sell. Which of the following does Mateo study
A) standard economic model
B) behavioral economics
C) loss aversion
D) bounded rationality
Q3) Standard game theory emphasizes rationality.
A)True
B)False
Q4) How does reputation affect the ultimatum game scenario?
Page 19
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Chapter 18: Social Psychology and Relationship Violence
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Q1) Which of the following would be considered a self-reclaiming action
A) changing how you interpret your partner's behaviors
B) realizing that one's partner does not actually love you
C) seeing what is happening in a relationship from an outside view
D) seeking out counseling
Q2) Which of the following refers to moments that are catalysts which spur victims of violence to finally leave violent relationships permanently
A) self-reclaiming actions
B) seeds of doubt
C) last straw events
D) objective reappraisals
Q3) Sabrina is a survivor of relationship violence. Since leaving her violent relationship, Sabrina's counselor has encouraged her to write stories and poems about her experiences as a form of treatment. Which of the following terms describes Sabrina's actions
A) last straw event
B) seed of doubt
C) narrative therapy
D) posttraumatic growth
Q4) What is the relationship between minimizing and cognitive dissonance?
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Chapter 19: Social Psychology of Work:
Industrialorganizational Psychology
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Q1) You find a advertisement for an open position online. This would be any example of which of the following
A) performance appraisal
B) job analysis
C) personnel needs assessment
D) employee assistance program
Q2) Why did Hugo Münsterberg's fame not endure
A) His findings were found to be widely false.
B) His experiments were found to be highly unethical.
C) He often defended Germany's actions during WWII.
D) He often pandered to the masses when publishing his psychological pronouncements.
Q3) Gradually, the quality of psychological tests improved, causing an increased demand for such tests in many industries.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The Hawthorne experiments caused a fundamental shift in I/O psychology. A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe the modern use of industrial/organizational psychology.
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Chapter 20: Social Psychology of Volunteerism and Internships
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Q1) One study found that volunteers performing the same job as paid employees expressed higher levels of satisfaction due to which of the following
A) altruistic tendencies
B) egoistic tendencies
C) receipt of praise
D) social interactions
Q2) Which of the following refers to behaviors that are done without expectation of external reward
A) intrinsic motivation
B) extrinsic motivation
C) introversion
D) extraversion
Q3) Which of the following is true of the line between volunteering and internships
A) It is not always important.
B) It is not always organized.
C) It is clearly identified.
D) It is not always clear.
Q4) What would be the advantages and disadvantages to creating standardized regulation of appropriate internships?
Page 22
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Chapter 21: Social Psychology and Personal Finance
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Q1) Some cars automatically shut off once the car has experienced a forceful impact, such as a crash. This automatic shutoff is an example of which of the following?
A) payment decoupling
B) default decision
C) mere ownership effect
D) hedonic treadmill
Q2) What role does opportunity of costs play in merchandiser's use of reference prices and discounts?
Q3) Which of the following refers to a tendency to overbid an item in a socially competitive environment?
A) neural circuitry of reward
B) auction fever
C) mere ownership effect
D) endowment effect
Q4) The anticipation of winning and fear of losing activate the same neural circuits.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe how loss aversion may affect one's ability to make financial decisions.
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Chapter 22: Social Psychology and Forgiveness
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Q1) One way people may forgive without forgetting is through artistry.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Putting laws into place and enforcing them establishes ______ that thwart discrimination.
A) social norms
B) retributions
C) boundaries
D) values
Q3) Science indicates that we are more likely to reduce discrimination by ______.
A) seeking retribution for illegal acts
B) avoiding upholding unjust laws
C) knowing and telling one's story and the stories of others
D) forgiving and forgetting
Q4) Which of the following describes the shadow of the future?
A) future retribution should be sought for current actions
B) thoughts about future events influence present decisions
C) laws that are unjust should be abolished in the future
D) hostility creates negative future events
Q5) Describe the differences between reconciliation and forgiveness.
Page 24
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