Psychology of Prejudice and Discrimination Study Guide Questions
Course Introduction
The Psychology of Prejudice and Discrimination explores the cognitive, emotional, and social processes underlying biased attitudes and behaviors toward individuals and groups based on characteristics such as race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, religion, and more. Students examine historical and contemporary theories of prejudice, the development and maintenance of stereotypes, and the impact of discrimination on both targets and perpetrators. The course also discusses the role of culture, media, and systemic structures in perpetuating bias, as well as strategies for reducing prejudice at individual and societal levels through education, contact, and policy interventions.
Recommended Textbook
Understanding the Psychology of Diversity 3rd Edition by B. Evan Blaine
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11 Chapters
403 Verified Questions
403 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction to the Psychology of Diversity
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32 Verified Questions
32 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Give an example of how the diversity of your social environment shapes how you think about yourself or act.
Answer: One example of how the diversity of my social environment shapes how I think about myself or act is through exposure to different cultural perspectives. For instance, growing up in a diverse community has allowed me to interact with people from various backgrounds and learn about their traditions, values, and beliefs. This exposure has broadened my understanding of the world and has influenced the way I approach and appreciate different cultures.
As a result, I have developed a more open-minded and accepting attitude towards others, and have become more aware of my own cultural identity. This has also influenced the way I communicate and interact with people from different backgrounds, as I am more conscious of cultural differences and strive to be respectful and inclusive in my interactions.
Overall, the diversity of my social environment has played a significant role in shaping my perspective on myself and others, and has encouraged me to embrace and celebrate the richness of diversity in our society.
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Categorization and Stereotyping: Cognitive Processes
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Stereotypes contain more situational than dispositional content.
A)True
B)False Answer: False
Q2) We are most likely to categorize ____.
A)A happy outgroup face.
B)A threatening outgroup face.
C)A happy ingroup face.
D)A threatening ingroup face.
Answer: B
Q3) Where do stereotypes come from?
A)Personal exposure to members of that group.
B)Distinctive members of a group.
C)Socialization agents
D)All of the above
Answer: D
Q4) A stereotype is a set of beliefs about the members of a social group. A)True
B)False Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Stereotypes Expressed: Social Processes That
Shape Diversity
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29 Verified Questions
29 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Stereotypic portrayals of older people on TV can create a self-fulfilling prophecy.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) A self-fulfilling prophecy occurs when:
A)People live up to,or down to,their expectations for themselves.
B)People live up to,or down to,others' expectations for them.
C)Either A or B.
Answer: B
Q3) Rosenthal and Jacobson 1968)found that teachers' expectations for their student's ability produced the expected academic performance.This phenomenon is called:
A)Self-fulfilling prophecy
B)Perceptual bias
C)Fundamental attribution error
D)Stereotypic bias
Answer: A
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Prejudice: Evaluating Social Difference
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the stereotype content model,which group's stereotype is high in warmth but low in competence?
A)Elderly
B)Gay men
C)Black professionals
D)Feminists
Q2) Explain the 3 broad motives that underlie prejudice.
Q3) Prejudice tends to emerge in interactions with outgroup members of equal status.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Well-learned,internalized prejudicial impulses are associated with the automatic component of prejudice.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Whites' negative stereotypes of Hispanics are improving at a faster rate than their negative stereotypes of Blacks.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What is the main terror management theory hypothesis regarding prejudice?
Page 6
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Chapter 6: Understanding Gender Stereotypes and Sexism
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41 Verified Questions
41 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Large meta-analyses which combine the results of many studies)of gender differences in math ability show that:
A)Women are reliably better than men.
B)Men are reliably better than women.
C)Women and men do not differ.
Q2) The belief that women are emotionally weaker but morally superior to men is reflective of:
A)Benevolent sexism
B)Hostile sexism
C)Modern sexism
D)Symbolic sexism
Q3) Studies show that women and men do not differ in math achievement.So why are women underrepresented in STEM science,technology,engineering & math)field?
Q4) Distinguish between the glass ceiling and the maternal wall.How are both expressions of sexism?
Q5) Describe the gender pay gap and explain how income entitlement is related to it.
Q6) Women earn less than men even in stereotypically female jobs e.g. ,nurse).
A)True
B)False
Page 7
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Chapter 7: Understanding Sex Stereotypes and Heterosexism
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27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What erroneous)beliefs contribute to the stereotype of gay men?
Q2) There is no scientific basis for gaydar at all.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Society's disapproval of nonheterosexual identities,behavior,and communities is:
A)homophobia.
B)sexual stigma.
C)sexual prejudice.
D)sexual orientation.
Q4) Describe erotophobia.How is it related to heterosexism?
Q5) Which of these statements is not associated with heterosexism?
A)Seeing sexual orientation as inherited.
B)Seeing sexual orientation as an either-or status.
C)Believing homosexuality is a modern movement.
D)Believing one can change one's sexual orientation.
Q6) Apart from age,one of the strongest predictors of sexual prejudice is right-wing authoritarianism.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Explain the components of sexual orientation and their interdependence. Page 8
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Understanding Obesity Stereotypes and Weightism
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29 Verified Questions
29 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Permanent weight loss is rare,suggesting that:
A)obese people don't try hard enough to lose weight.
B)obese peoples' eating habits undercut weight loss efforts.
C)weight is not as controllable as most people believe.
D)none of these.
Q2) What is lookism? How is related to weightism?
Q3) Review some of the ways overweight and obese people face discrimination and loss of opportunity in the workplace.
Q4) Which statement is most consistent with the coping strategy of devaluing?
A)Saying that a negative outcome was due to others' prejudice.
B)Using humor or wit to pre-empt others' prejudice.
C)Wearing loose-fitting clothing to minimize the impact of one's weight.
D)Saying that thinness or popularity isn't as important as other values.
Q5) Obese and nonobese female applicants to college are treated equally.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Discuss how the obesity pay gap may occur even if employers are not prejudiced.
Page 10
Q7) Discuss three strategies that overweight or obese people might use to cope with others' prejudice.
Q8) Define "heading off" as a coping strategy and give an example.
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Chapter 9: Understanding Age Stereotypes and Ageism
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30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is elder abuse,and how can it be expressed?
Q2) Elderspeak is always perceived negatively by older age persons.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What is successful aging?
Q4) According to Becca Levy 2009),the more connections older adults have with old age groups and associations,the more:
A)they internalize old age stereotypes.
B)they feel empowered.
C)social support they have.
Q5) Explain the self-fulfilling nature of old age stereotypes.
Q6) Physical characteristics are the most common type of trait in the stereotype of older people.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Describe the ambivalence in the content of old age stereotypes.
Q8) How old you are and how old you feel distinguish between one's
A)subjective and chronological age
B)chronological and subjective age
C)actual and stereotypical age
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Chapter 10: Social Stigma: the Experience of Prejudice
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37 Verified Questions
37 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) People with invisible stigmas are free of social difficulties.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Social stigma involves:
A)having actual and virtual identities that don't align.
B)having a characteristic that is negatively stereotyped.
C)being in a context where one's trait is negatively valued.
D)all of these.
Q3) Negative stereotypes undermine performance by reducing memory capacity.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Being "reduced to a stereotype" by others is most consistent with which conceptualization of stigma?
A)Stigma is situationally determined.
B)Stigma is a mismatch of identities.
C)Stigma is an attribute-stereotype connection.
D)Stigma is being the object of ambivalence.
Q5) How is it stressful to have the experience of negative stereotypes "in the air?"
Q6) When Goffman states that stigmatized people have a "spoiled identity," to what psychological processes is he referring?
Page 13
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Chapter 11: Coping With Social Stigma
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30 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) How does being stigmatized affect one's self-esteem?
Q2) Physically disabled people might ______ to protect their self-esteem.
A)compare themselves with members of their own group
B)discount the importance of domains requiring athletic ability
C)attribute others' negative views of their abilities to prejudice
D)all of these
Q3) What is a benefit and drawback of using online or virtual communities to cope with one's stigma?
Q4) Define a master status attribute.
Q5) Which is a strategy for protecting stigmatized people against threats to psychological well-being?
A)attributing a negative outcome to prejudice
B)passing
C)self-promotion
D)covering
Q6) Being the object of others' help and sympathy can damage one's self-esteem.
A)True
B)False
Q7) How can stigmatized people capitalize on their stigma to improve social opportunities?
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Chapter 12: Responding to Social Inequality: Behavioral and Cognitive
Interventions for Reducing Prejudice
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Sample Questions
Q1) Empathy can be increased through:
A)Workshops
B)Online interactions
C)Media messages
D)All of the above
True-False
Q2) Trying to inhibit a stereotype actually makes it stronger in the long run.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What is the difference between cognitive and emotional empathy?
Q4) Which works better to reducing your own automatic prejudice?
A)Refuting your own stereotypic beliefs.
B)Affirming counterstereotypic beliefs.
C)Both work equally well.
Q5) The stereotype rebound effect illustrates the difference between:
A)Automatic and controlled stereotypes
B)Self-regulation and empathy
C)Stereotypes and prejudice
D)Cognitive and emotional empathy
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