Psychology of Physical Activity Study Guide Questions
Course Introduction
The Psychology of Physical Activity explores the mental and emotional factors that influence participation in physical movement and exercise. This course examines key psychological theories and concepts such as motivation, behavior change, self-efficacy, and the stages of adopting an active lifestyle. Students will analyze the role that cognition, emotions, social support, and environmental factors play in encouraging or hindering physical activity. Topics also include the psychological benefits of regular exercise, strategies for overcoming barriers to activity, and interventions and best practices for promoting lasting behavior change within diverse populations. Through case studies and research, learners gain practical insights into applying psychological principles to enhance physical activity at both individual and community levels.
Recommended Textbook
Sport and Exercise Psychology A Canadian Perspective 3rd Edition by Peter Crocker
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15 Chapters
748 Verified Questions
748 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introducing Sport and Exercise Psychology
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43 Verified Questions
43 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The CPA, the CSPA, and AASP organizations are all proactive in?
A) identifying necessary standards and competencies required for providing sport and exercise psychology services to athletes
B) ethical relationships between professors and students
C) developing more academic courses and hiring more professors to allow more students to attend universities
D) evaluating university programs to see if they meet the necessary professional standards
Answer: A
Q2) The first Ph.D. program in sport psychology was developed at which university?
A) Universite de Montreal
B) University of Winnipeg
C) University of Ottawa
D) University of Western Ontario
E) University of Alberta
Answer: E
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Chapter 2: Personality in Sport and Exercise
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following best describes the overall organization of psychological characteristics of behaviour, thought, and feelings that differentiates us from others and leads us to act consistently across time and situations?
A) disposition
B) traits
C) personality
D) psychological core
E) role-related behaviour
Answer: C
Q2) Contrast the key personality perspectives of the humanist and social learning perspectives.
Answer: The humanistic approach emphasizes positive growth and self-fulfillment. It has a person-centred perspective that includes personal responsibility, human growth, personal striving, and dignity. Beliefs, values, and self-actualization are concepts important to this approach.
Social learning refers to behaviour changes that occur due to experiences. The theory focuses on how situations and individuals influence each other. People will adopt behaviours that are favourable to them. People choose to become active agents in shaping their behaviours.
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4
Chapter 3: Motivation and Behavioural Change
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54 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) As a physical activity promotion expert, you are looking further understand the role that attitudes toward physical activity has on behaviour. What theoretical perspective could you adopt to investigate this question?
A) Theory of Planned Behaviour
B) Social Cognitive Theory
C) A and B
D) all of the above
Answer: A
Q2) According to the Transtheoretical Model, movement through the stage is always A) linear.
B) a person can "skip" a stage.
C) a person can regress or go backwards or forwards.
D) a person always starts at the first stage.
Answer: C
Q3) Dysfunctional thought patterns are most closely associated with ________. A) goal-setting
B) arousal regulation
C) the Cognitive Model
D) the Behavioural Model
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Stress, Emotion, and Coping in Sport and Exercise
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50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following predicts that males and females learn to use different coping strategies to manage the same types of situations through processes like sex-role stereotyping and role expectations?
A) goodness of fit model
B) gender socialization hypothesis
C) gender dispositional hypothesis
D) role constraint theory
E) none of the above
Q2) Which of the following statements is incorrect?
A) There is limited research examining cultural influences on stress and coping in sport.
B) Cross-cultural comparisons of stress and coping have shown differences between athletes' stressor appraisals and coping during competition.
C) Prayer is an important cultural coping strategy for some athletes.
D) Culture should not impact the stress and coping process because stressor appraisals depend on individual cognitive appraisals of a situation.
Q3) Define coping and emotion regulation. What is one key difference between coping and emotion regulation?
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Anxiety in Sport and Exercise
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52 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A baseball player who was nervous moments earlier when a strike was called, but is now elated because she hit a double, is displaying which of the following?
A) trait anxiety
B) state anxiety
C) cognitive anxiety
D) somatic anxiety
E) social physique anxiety
Q2) What is the relationship between social physique anxiety and exercise behaviour?
A) There is no relationship between social physique anxiety and exercise behaviour.
B) Individual's high in social physique anxiety exercise more.
C) Individual's high in social physique anxiety exercise less.
D) Individual's high in social physique anxiety exercise more or less depending on self-presentation beliefs.
E) None of the above is true regarding the relationship between social physique anxiety and exercise behaviour.
Q3) List the five predictions the catastrophe theory makes about the combined influences of cognitive state anxiety and physiological arousal on athletic performance.
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Chapter 6: Aggression and Moral Behaviour in Sport
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Sample Questions
Q1) A rugby player tackles an opponent so hard that the competitor suffers a separated shoulder after the hit. The rugby player attributes his opponents' injury to the equipment and not the hit. Which mechanism of moral disengagement is this athlete using?
A) distortion of consequences
B) euphemistic labelling
C) displacement of responsibility
D) moral justification
E) self-preservation
Q2) A task-oriented athlete tends to perceive success as a function of outdoing others, and is more likely to break the rules.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The number of times competitors meet may have an impact on the amount of aggressive behaviour demonstrated in these matches.
A)True
B)False
Q4) List five personal factors that influence aggression.
Q5) Define aggressive behaviour by stating the four key points:
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Chapter 7: Sport Psychology Interventions
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Sample Questions
Q1) How is an athlete's control over attentional focus developed?
A) through competing
B) genetically determined
C) by engaging in dual-coding tasks
D) learned through practice
Q2) A fatigued middle-distance runner in the last 500 metres of a race starts to silently repeat the words strong, powerful, and smooth. Which type of attention control strategy is being used?
A) self-talk
B) performance routine
C) attentional cues
D) imagery
Q3) A hockey player who concentrates on getting back on defence and finishing her body checks is demonstrating which type of goal?
A) performance
B) outcome
C) product
D) process
Q4) Explain why goal setting is effective.
Q5) Why is it important to encourage athletes to use positive self-talk?
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Leadership in Sport and Exercise
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45 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Personality is unrelated to leadership emergence.
A)True
B)False
Q2) As it pertains to athlete leadership, the optimal percentage of players in leadership roles on the team should be ________.
A) 10%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 75%
E) It depends
Q3) In the meta-analysis by Judge and colleagues (2002) higher levels of extraversion, and conscientiousness were found to be
A) related to leader emergence.
B) related to leader effectiveness.
C) related to leader emergence and leader effectiveness.
D) unrelated to leadership emergence or leadership effectiveness.
Q4) Describe the conceptual model for developing transformational leadership interventions presented by Kelloway and Barling (2000).
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Chapter 9: Group Cohesion in Sport and Exercise
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Sample Questions
Q1) Does hazing as a form of team building increase team cohesion? Explain why or why not.
Q2) Which one of the following is NOT a key characteristic of cohesion?
A) dynamic
B) multi-dimensional
C) instrumental
D) affective
E) consistent
Q3) Which style of sport leadership assessed through the LSS is best suited for developing cohesion?
Q4) What is the dynamic process that is reflected in the tendency for a group to stick together and remain united in the pursuit of its instrumental objectives and/or for the satisfaction of the members' affective needs known as?
A) group dynamics
B) assembly effect
C) cohesion
D) team building
E) collective efficacy
Q5) Why is cohesion often reported to be the most important small group variable?
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Chapter 10: Youth Involvement and Positive Development in Sport
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Sample Questions
Q1) The more developmental assets an adolescent possesses, the less likely that he or she will use alcohol or be depressed, suicidal, or violent.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Children's decisions to engage in particular activities, their intensity of effort expended in these activities, and their actual performance levels are often influenced by parental ________.
A) support
B) modelling
C) companionship
D) expectations
E) none of the above
Q3) Which of the following is not a core principle of High Five?
A) caring adults
B) opportunities to play
C) making friends
D) mastery of skills
E) trying your best
Q4) Describe the three objectives of youth sport.
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Chapter 11: Coaching Psychology
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50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Canadian Olympic and university coaches use a different coaching style compared to some of their European and South American counterparts.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of these is not a common myth about coaching psychology?
A) Outstanding athletes have an advantage in becoming excellent coaches.
B) Aspiring coaches must emulate the most successful coaches in their sport.
C) All elite-level coaches are focused solely on winning at the expense of athlete growth and development.
D) Coaching confidence is determined solely by one's innate personality.
E) Elite level coaches are not born with exceptional leadership attributes.
Q3) What element of the 3 Cs + 1 model includes the athletes and coaches interpersonal perceptions and reflects the degree to which they have established a common ground in their relationship?
A) co-operation
B) co-orientation
C) commitment
D) closeness
E) consternation
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Aging and Involvement in Sport and Physical Activity
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a conclusion based on the studies by Meisner and Baker examining aging attitudes and involvement in preventive health behaviours?
A) Older adults with positive expectations about their aging are more likely to be physically active.
B) Older adults with positive expectations about their aging are less likely to be physically active.
C) Older adults with positive expectations about their aging are more likely to attend regular physician visits.
D) Older adults with neutral expectations about their aging are more likely to be physically active.
E) A and C
Q2) Older adults may be limiting their involvement in physical activity because of internalized negative stereotypes about their group.
A)True
B)False
Q3) An increased lifespan does not necessarily mean a better quality of life.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Physical Activity and Mental Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) If you were going to recommend types of exercise to help a friend feel good in terms of affect based on the evidence, what would you suggest?
A) stretching and weight lifting
B) some form of vigorous aerobic exercise
C) any type of moderate aerobic exercise you enjoy
D) any of the above
Q2) Evidence suggests that being physically active may prevent mental health problems like depression. However, there may be other factors that explain this relationship that remain unaccounted for.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which exercise and mental health mechanism is best explained by molecular receptor site occupancy?
A) thermogenic
B) monoamine
C) ergonomic
D) distraction
Q4) At this point in time, what can we safely conclude about the value of exercise in preventing depression?
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Chapter 14: Body Image in Sport and Exercise
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Sample Questions
Q1) Chaiton et al. (2009) documented that weight was indirectly associated with ________ through its influence on pressure to be thin and body dissatisfaction.
A) anxiety
B) depression
C) body dissatisfaction
D) none of the above
Q2) You have a group of adolescent male physical education students. Ash is one of the boys in the class who has demonstrated signs of social physique anxiety. Based on the work of Kowalski and colleagues, you can expect that Ash will most likely use which of the following coping strategies?
A) behavioural avoidance
B) cognitive dissonance
C) journal writing
D) acceptance
E) all of the above
Q3) What is the definition of normative discontent?
Q4) Males and females are equally likely to present with body and muscle dysmorphia.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: Physical Activity Interventions
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51 Verified Questions
51 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Task self-efficacy is confidence in one's ability to
A) overcome barriers that may arise when participating in exercise.
B) plan and organize exercise in one's life.
C) complete the components in the exercise session.
D) engage in physical activity regularly.
Q2) Goal setting has two crucial steps
A) setting specific goals and measuring them.
B) identifying a target and an action plan.
C) being self-motivated and committed.
D) making sure goals are attainable and timely.
Q3) One successful way to change people's attitudes toward physical activity is
A) through a persuasive advertisement campaign.
B) by ensuring that they follow through with their intentions.
C) by doing what friends want you to do.
D) by knowing what everyone else is doing.
Q4) Physical activity contracts
A) increase an individual's commitment to exercise.
B) are considered part of a best practice.
C) specifies in writing what is to be achieved through physical activity.
D) all of the above
Page 17
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