Psychology of Mental Illness Practice Exam
Course Introduction
Psychology of Mental Illness provides an in-depth examination of the biological, psychological, and social factors associated with mental health disorders. This course explores the history and classification of mental illnesses, contemporary theories of etiology, and the spectrum of disorders as outlined in the DSM. Students will analyze symptoms, causes, and treatments of common psychological disorders such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and personality disorders, while also considering stigma, cultural context, and the lived experience of those affected. Case studies and current research are incorporated to enhance understanding, and ethical considerations in diagnosis and intervention are thoroughly reviewed.
Recommended Textbook
Introduction to Clinical Psychology 8th Edition by Geoffrey P. Kramer
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16 Chapters
606 Verified Questions
606 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: What Is Clinical Psychology
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33 Verified Questions
33 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Psychological assessment is currently considered a rather stagnant area of clinical psychology practice.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) There is a clear consensus on the research that should be used in developing evidence-based practices.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) One of the most striking aspects about training programs for clinical psychologists is
A) how similar they are to each other.
B) how they all rely on the university setting.
C) the considerable variation that exists across training approaches.
D) how they all value research equally.
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Clinical Psychologys Past and Present
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30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Carl Rogers believed that diagnostic shrewdness was an essential component of effectively working with clients.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Carl Rogers developed a humanistic therapy he termed A) self-actualizing psychology.
B) Gestalt psychotherapy.
C) client-centered psychotherapy.
D) the actualizing tendency.
Answer: B
Q3) Alfred Binet's French psychology laboratory was largely focused on A) mental measurement.
B) psychotherapy.
C) diagnosis of mental illness.
D) all of the above
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Basic Features of Clinical Assessment
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23 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Even when using an informal approach to processing assessment data, clinicians are significantly better at making judgments and diagnoses than nonclinicians.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) In order to distinguish between behaviors a client cannot engage in from those a client does not engage in, a clinician would
A) use the most reliable instrument available.
B) use the most valid instrument available.
C) attempt to cross-validate their findings by using multiple instruments.
D) create his or her own measure to evaluate the client.
Answer: D
Q3) Which of the following is NOT usually considered one of the main sources of assessment data?
A) interviews and case history data
B) behavioral observations
C) employer interviews
D) psychological tests
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Interviewing and Observation in Clinical Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain why, in many clinical settings, structured interviews have become increasingly popular.
Q2) Among the sources of errors that can occur in the interview are
A) the clinician being much more intelligent than the client.
B) malingering and impression management.
C) client biases about the interview process.
D) all of the above
Q3) In order to improve informal observation methods, clinicians should
A) lengthen the first interview session to facilitate the sharing of anecdotal information.
B) consult with other clinicians about information obtained during early interviews.
C) observe overt behaviors and place greater emphasis on them during the interview.
D) focus on establishing a diagnosis as quickly as possible.
Q4) Most clinicians find nonverbal behavior interesting in many ways during interviews. A)True B)False
Q5) Describe the two courses that crisis interviews usually take.
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Chapter 5: Testing in Clinical Psychology
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the reasons why psychological testing lost much of its appeal during the early 1970s.
Q2) The two types of theories of intelligence presented in the text are
A) theories positing intelligence as a general characteristic and theories of specific intelligences.
B) theories of cognitive intelligence and theories of emotional intelligence.
C) triarchical theories and hierarchical theories.
D) theories positing intelligence as a practical attribute and theories of intelligence as abstract reasoning.
Q3) The most popular intelligence test in the United States is the A) SB5.
B) Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children.
C) WAISIII
D) STAT
Q4) Alfred Binet was the first person to develop a measure of intelligence.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What are some reasons that projective personality tests are still used, even though their psychometric properties are fairly poor?
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Chapter 6: Basic Features of Clinical Interventions
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Q1) Explain Messer's (2006) contention that it is more important to know what type of patient is seeking therapy than knowing what disorder the patient has.
Q2) A common technique for developing insight is
A) encouraging catharsis.
B) direct confrontation of the client's weaknesses.
C) interpretation of a client's behavior to foster an understanding of errors of the past.
D) administering self-report measurements often over the course of treatment.
Q3) Two tasks that many clinicians and college professors share are
A) providing information and giving homework.
B) giving tests and assigning grades.
C) being available 24/7 for their students/clients.
D) all of the above
Q4) Which of the following is not one of the "four horsemen" of professional ethics?
A) confidentiality
B) competency
C) conflict of interest
D) caring coherence
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8
Chapter 7: Psychodynamic and Humanistic Psychotherapies
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39 Verified Questions
39 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A similarity between Kohut's self-psychology practitioners and the object relations therapists is that they both
A) remain relatively passive in the therapeutic relationship.
B) attempt to provide remedial nurturing and attachment experiences.
C) view therapy as a short-term endeavor.
D) all of the above
Q2) The theorists who sought to use psychoanalytic techniques to understand and explore clients' strengths and adaptive ego functions are collectively called A) individual psychologists.
B) object-relations therapists.
C) ego analysts.
D) reverse psychoanalysts.
Q3) Transference is useful in therapy because of the fact that to the extent that a new relationship is similar to an old one, reactions based on the old relationship are likely to occur.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Discuss the ways in which psychoanalytic theory continues to influence most approaches to psychotherapy today.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Behavioral and Cognitive-Behavioral Psychotherapies
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Individuals tend to pay much more attention to information that supports their beliefs than that which refutes them.This is called the
A) confirmation bias.
B) attributional bias.
C) explicit belief schema.
D) tendency to catastrophize.
Q2) In order to maintain a positive working alliance, cognitive therapists try to avoid direct education about the power of cognitive distortions.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Both observational learning and vicarious conditioning support the understanding that
A) behavior is developed through operant and classical conditioning.
B) reinforcement is more powerful than punishment in changing behavior.
C) behaviors can be learned by simply observing others.
D) structured learning is more persistent.
Q4) Schemas act as filters for perceptions of the self and of the world.
A)True
B)False
10
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Chapter 9: Alternative Modes of Clinical Intervention
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Sample Questions
Q1) Community psychology has good intentions and tends to be innovative.Discuss some of the concerns that are raised about this approach to mental health intervention.
Q2) Among the challenges facing couple and family therapists is that the contexts in which families live are changing quickly and dramatically.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Research indicates that spirituality
A) should not be addressed in clinical psychology, since most clinicians are not theologians and there is no reason to believe it is important.
B) is not a relevant issue for most clients, and rarely comes up in therapy.
C) regularly emerges as a resilience or protective factor or asset in the risk and resilience literature.
D) is not related to quality of life issues, stress reduction, or increased well-being.
Q4) Describe some of the contexts in which couples and families live, and the changes that are occurring in those contexts.
Q5) Discuss the similarities and differences between "mindfulness" and "acceptance."
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Chapter 10: Research on Clinical Intervention
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Sample Questions
Q1) Better outcomes for group therapy members are achieved when A) group members clearly understand how the group is being run and know what responses to give.
B) there is strong group cohesion and a strong therapeutic alliance.
C) the group encourages independent learning and confrontive interactions.
D) all of the above
Q2) Research on the therapeutic alliance indicates that
A) a better therapeutic alliance is associated with better treatment outcomes.
B) there may be an effect between therapeutic alliance and treatment outcomes.
C) there is no demonstrable relationship between therapeutic alliance and treatment outcomes.
D) there are only a few studies that have addressed this issue adequately.
Q3) What is one of the primary goals in designing psychotherapy outcome experiments?
A) having high levels of internal validity
B) having high levels of external validity
C) both a and b
D) neither a nor b
Q4) Using the information about client variables presented in the text, describe the "best" psychotherapy client vis-à-vis treatment outcome.
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Chapter 11: Clinical Child Psychology
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44 Verified Questions
44 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss why high rates of comorbidity among childhood disorders raise questions about the validity of the DSM system.
Q2) Discuss the factors that affect the degree of negative impact sexual abuse is likely to have on a child.
Q3) The use of projective tests with children
A) has increased in recent years.
B) is less controversial that the use of such tests with adults.
C) "sometimes tell us poorly something we already know."
D) provides information that it is impossible to get through observation or interviews.
Q4) An understanding that a child's temperament and behavior influences parental behavior, and that parental tolerance and responses alter child behavior is reflected in the concept of
A) risk and resilience.
B) reciprocal or bidirectional interactions.
C) the coercion-escalation hypothesis.
D) the reinforcement trap.
Q5) Why is there an increasing interest in collaboration among professionals who are interested in improving children's lives?
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Chapter 12: Health Psychology
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40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The theory that describes several perceptual sets patients maintain that affect treatment compliance or adherence is called
A) the health belief model.
B) the health compliance model.
C) the general adaptation model.
D) a contingency contract.
Q2) There appear to be factors that reduce stress reactions, and factors that amplify stress reactions.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a technique frequently used to improve adherence to treatment?
A) offering fewer treatment options to patients who demonstrate low adherence.
B) educating patients about the importance of adhering to a treatment plan, so that they will be more active participants in the process.
C) making treatment plans simpler and more clear
D) using self-monitoring and reminder cues
Q4) Describe the three stages to Selye's general adaptation syndrome.
Q5) Explain the relationship between stress and illness.
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Chapter 13: Clinical Neuopsychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Executive functions
A) include planning, organizing, and anticipating future events.
B) require the integration of many areas of the brain.
C) are largely mediated by the frontal lobes of the brain.
D) all of the above
Q2) Describe the various ways brain lateralization is studied.
Q3) Localized brain damage can cause emotional effects, such as depression.
A)True
B)False
Q4) If test batteries for neurological assessment provide good validity, and are preferred for expert testimony in court cases, why might a clinician choose to use an individualized assessment?
Q5) The right hemisphere appears to be specialized for A) processing the prosody of language.
B) vocabulary development.
C) forming language-based memories.
D) mediating receptive and expressive language skills.
Q6) Describe the types of behavior that might be manifested by an individual with severe frontal lobe damage.
Q7) Is the right hemisphere really the inferior hemisphere? Why or why not?
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Chapter 14: Forensic Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is likely to be found not competent to stand trial?
A) a person with moderate mental retardation
B) a person with depression
C) a person who presents evidence of traumatic abuse as a child
D) a person who has schizophrenia and has never received treatment
Q2) What relatively new role for clinicians has emerged as more couples seek and obtain joint custody of children after divorces, and need help navigating their new parenting roles?
A) parenting coordinator
B) parenting caseworker
C) family therapist
D) none of the above, there is little role for clinicians once the divorce is final
Q3) Which of the following is NOT considered an essential ability for competent decision making?
A) understanding the basic information relevant to the decision
B) being of at least average intelligence
C) to anticipate the consequences of various decisions
D) to be able to communicate a personal decision or choice
Q4) Describe the difference between tort cases and criminal cases.
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Chapter 15: Professional Issues in Clinical Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) What do the authors of the text believe is the single most important goal of training clinicians?
A) training them to perform and publish research on clinical topics making sure they are clinically competent
B) teaching them to choose and evaluate services in light of research evidence
C) making sure they can teach in the field, so they can disseminate information widely-
Q2) Discuss the impact positive psychology has had on clinical psychology.
Q3) Which of the following did the Shakow report consider important issues for clinical training?
A) A clinical psychologist should be trained foremost as a psychologist.
B) Clinical training should be as rigorous as other psychological training.
C) Preparation of clinicians should be directed toward assessment, research, and therapy.
D) all of the above
Q4) Certification protects only the title of psychologist.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss the major differences between Ph.D.and Psy.D.training programs.
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Chapter 16: Getting Into Graduate School in Clinical Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) What information is NOT necessarily provided to applicants to APA-accredited doctoral programs?
A) time it takes to complete the program
B) number of students accepted to the program
C) cost of the program
D) attrition rate of students
Q2) What are some ways a student can gather information about graduate programs and the faculty involved in those programs?
Q3) Taking a break between graduating from college and attending graduate school
A) is likely to have a negative impact on an applicant's subsequent success in getting into a graduate school.
B) is always a good idea. Since graduate school is so much work, it's best to go in rested.
C) may be beneficial, depending on what is done during the break.
D) may confuse the student and make it harder to "get back on the horse."
Q4) It is rarely advisable to take time off between undergraduate and graduate school.
A)True
B)False
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