Psychology of Learning Practice Questions
Course Introduction
Psychology of Learning explores the fundamental principles and theories that underpin how individuals acquire, retain, and apply knowledge and skills. The course examines classical and operant conditioning, cognitive and social learning theories, as well as the roles of motivation, memory, and reinforcement in learning processes. Students will analyze the psychological mechanisms involved in both human and animal learning, and discuss how learning theories can be applied in educational settings, workplaces, and daily life to optimize knowledge acquisition and behavior change.
Recommended Textbook
Learning and Memory 2nd Edition by Mark
A. Gluck
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12 Chapters
1304 Verified Questions
1304 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/3663 Page 2
Chapter 1: The Psychology of Learning and Memory
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/72907
Sample Questions
Q1) Who was the founder of behaviorism?
A)John B.Watson
B)Edward Thorndike
C)B.F.Skinner
D)Ivan Pavlov
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a good way to remember something?
A)Repeat the information many times.
B)Pay attention when you are first learning the information.
C)Focus on just one sense,such as vision or hearing.
D)Get enough sleep.
Answer: C
Q3) Someone who believes that humans and animals are fundamentally different from each other would agree with the views of:
A)Plato.
B)Charles Darwin.
C)Aristotle.
D)Francis Galton.
Answer: A
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Page 3
Chapter 2: The Neuroscience of Learning and Memory
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In vertebrates,the nervous system is divided into the:
A)brain and neurons.
B)parietal lobe and the occipital lobe.
C)central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
D)cerebellum and the brainstem.
Answer: C
Q2) Which brain structure is involved in helping you learn the coordinated movements necessary for learning to ride a bike?
A)temporal lobe
B)brainstem
C)thalamus
D)cerebellum
Answer: D
Q3) Describe the procedures used to elicit long-term potentiation in a neuron.
Answer: Grading criteria: Include the main steps: Stimulate cell A,record from cell B;stimulate A with a burst of high-frequency stimulation;later,stimulate A again with weak stimulation,see that B responds more strongly than it did before.
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4
Chapter 3: Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization:
Learning About Repeated Events
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114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Training an individual to respond differently to different stimuli is known as:
A)mere exposure.
B)discrimination training.
C)sensitization.
D)priming.
Answer: B
Q2) Sarah woke up from a frightening dream.Lying awake in bed,she is overly frightened by the normal noises in her house.This is an example of:
A)habituation.
B)sensitization.
C)priming.
D)dishabituation.
Answer: B
Q3) Sensitization is demonstrated in aplysia when,after shocking the:
A)siphon,touching the siphon causes a strengthened gill-withdrawal reflex.
B)tail,touching the siphon causes a strengthened gill-withdrawal reflex.
C)siphon,touching the siphon causes a weakened gill-withdrawal reflex.
D)tail,touching the siphon causes a weakened gill-withdrawal reflex.
Answer: B
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Classical Conditioning: Learning to Predict
Important Events
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118 Verified Questions
118 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Recordings of activity in the _____ during eyeblink conditioning in rabbits show activity that occurs _____ the response is made.
A)cerebellar cortex;a few milliseconds before B)cerebellar cortex;at the same time as C)interpositus nucleus;a few milliseconds before D)interpositus nucleus;at the same time as
Q2) Suppose we classically condition a rat by pairing a tone with shock.According to the Rescorla-Wagner model,if the learning rate (\(\beta\))is 0.1,as the number of trials increases,W<sub>LIGHT </sub>will:
A)stay the same.
B)increase and then decrease.
C)decrease.
D)increase.
Q3) When the eyeblink reflex is conditioned using a tone,what is the conditioned response?
A)blinking in response to a puff of air
B)blinking in response to the tone
C)the puff of air
D)the tone
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Operant Conditioning: Learning the Outcome of Behaviors
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Suppose you are a mayor who wants to use punishment to decrease crime in your city.Based on your textbook's discussion,how can you make sure the punishment is as effective as possible?
Q2) What is the role of the dorsal striatum in operant conditioning? Discuss one piece of evidence to support your claim.
Q3) According to the Premack principle,if a teenager would rather go shopping than clean her room:
A)her desire to clean her room will be increased by restricting her access to going shopping.
B)her desire to go shopping will be increased by restricting her access to cleaning her room.
C)allowing her to go shopping could be used as a reward for cleaning her room.
D)cleaning her room could be used as a reward for going shopping.
Q4) Suppose a pigeon is reinforced on a VI 5' schedule for pecking key A and a VI 15' schedule for pecking key B.According to the matching law of choice behavior,how much time will the pigeon spend pecking key A and how much pecking key B? Explain how you arrived at your answer.
Q5) What is extinction mimicry? What are two explanations for it?
Q6) Discuss the evidence suggesting that dopamine is involved in reinforcement.
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Chapter 6: Generalization and Discrimination Learning
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94 Verified Questions
94 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sienna learned that many vegetables tend to be green in color.When she later learned in school that vegetables are healthy,she inferred that foods that are green are healthy.That she made this inference is an example of:
A)acquired equivalence.
B)sensory preconditioning.
C)discrimination training.
D)negative patterning.
Q2) Suppose researchers train a dog to salivate in response to a 1000 Hz tone.They then test for generalization by presenting the 1,000 Hz tone as well as tones of other pitches a distributed representation to the original tone and at least one of the other tones.
Q3) When prior training that two stimuli are equivalent increases the amount of generalization between them,it is known as:
A)acquired equivalence.
B)sensory preconditioning.
C)discrimination training.
D)negative patterning.
Q4) Discuss the evidence suggesting that the hippocampus is important for generalization.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Episodic and Semantic Memory: Memory for
Facts and Events
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127 Verified Questions
127 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) People who have extraordinary memory abilities:
A)are also better at remembering everyday things such as where they left their keys.
B)do not use mnemonics to help them remember things.
C)have a larger hippocampus than people with ordinary memories.
D)show similar brain anatomy to people with ordinary memories.
Q2) According to Tulving,animals cannot maintain episodic memories because animals:
A)are usually unable to remember where food is located.
B)cannot learn how to avoid electric shock.
C)do not have a sense of self.
D)have a keen sense of the passage of time.
Q3) Give an example of an episodic memory related to the experience of driving a car.
Q4) In general,the research on false memory has shown that false memories can be created in:
A)the laboratory,but not in the real world.
B)the real world,but not in the laboratory.
C)both the real world and the laboratory.
D)neither the real world nor the laboratory.
Q5) What is functional amnesia? Describe two specific types.
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Chapter 8: Skill Memory: Learning by Doing
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96 Verified Questions
96 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Suppose you are practicing a speech for your class.Based on what you learned about the impact of knowledge of results on practice,what should you do to maximize the effectiveness of your practice?
Q2) Which of the following is an example of a perceptual-motor skill?
A)remembering material for an exam
B)managing your time
C)skiing
D)solving a puzzle
Q3) Which of the following is an example of the cognitive stage of skill acquisition?
A)following the instructions in a recipe to bake cookies
B)following a recipe from memory to bake cookies
C)baking cookies without a recipe while listening to your child talk about her day at school
D)trying out new ingredients in your traditional cookie recipe
Q4) Describe how the cerebellum,cerebral cortex,and basal ganglia are each involved in learning to dive from a diving board.
Q5) What is the difference between having talent and being an expert?
Q6) Provide an example of a motor program.
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Chapter 9: Working Memory and Cognitive Control
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105 Verified Questions
105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) How many independent short-term memory buffers are included in Baddeley's working memory model?
A)2
B)3
C)5
D)10
Q2) The Tower of Hanoi puzzle is often used to examine:
A)controlled updating of the memory buffers.
B)the ability to plan and set goals.
C)the ability to switch tasks.
D)the ability to select stimuli and inhibit responses.
Q3) In Baddeley's working-memory model,the two short-term memory buffers are called the:
A)phonological loop and central executive.
B)visuo-spatial sketchpad and iconic memory.
C)iconic memory and short-term memory.
D)phonological loop and visuo-spatial sketchpad.
Q4) Summarize the mapping of working-memory functions onto anatomical areas in the brain.For example,indicate which cortical area is responsible for each component of Baddeley's working memory model.
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Emotional Influences on Learning and Memory
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107 Verified Questions
107 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which part of the amygdala is primarily responsible for the increase in heart rate and blood pressure that is experienced when a person feels fear?
A)lateral nucleus
B)central nucleus
C)basolateral nucleus
D)thalamus
Q2) Studies using MRI and twins have suggested that:
A)PTSD causes the hippocampus to become larger.
B)PTSD causes the hippocampus to become smaller.
C)people with a larger hippocampus are predisposed to developing PTSD.
D)people with a smaller hippocampus are predisposed to developing PTSD.
Q3) What is the phenomenon in which exposure to an uncontrollable punisher reduces the chance that an organism will try to make an avoidance response?
A)conditioned emotional response
B)learned helplessness
C)conditioned avoidance
D)perseveration
Q4) Describe how Seligman demonstrated learned helplessness in dogs.
Q5) Describe two examples of emotional responses in nonhuman animals.
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Chapter 11: Social Learning and Memory: Observing, Interacting,
and Reenacting
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90 Verified Questions
90 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the two-action test? How can it be used to demonstrate whether true imitation is occurring?
Q2) When an individual learns an emotional response after observing it in others,this is known as:
A)observational conditioning.
B)stimulus enhancement.
C)imitation.
D)contagion.
Q3) Direction of one organism's attention towards specific objects,events,or locations within an environment as a result of another organism's action is called:
A)observational conditioning.
B)stimulus enhancement.
C)imitation.
D)contagion.
Q4) People with Asperger's syndrome:
A)usually do not speak at all.
B)have reduced intellectual abilities.
C)are less likely to speak fluently than are people with autism.
D)have normal intellectual abilities but a reduced capacity for social skills.
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Chapter 12: Development and Aging: Learning and Memory
Across the Lifespan
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119 Verified Questions
119 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true regarding gender differences in learning and memory?
A)Young adult women outperform young adult men in learning the way around a maze.
B)Most gender differences emerge before adolescence.
C)At all ages,males are quicker to learn a route on a fictitious map.
D)Females are better than males at remembering the positions of landmarks on a map,but this advantage does not emerge until puberty.
Q2) The MOST common version of the BDNF gene is the:
A)Val allele.
B)Met allele.
C)His allele.
D)Tyr allele.
Q3) An animal that is raised with a patch over one eye will probably be completely blind in that eye as an adult.This is an example of:
A)synaptogenesis.
B)a sensitive period.
C)imprinting.
D)neurogenesis.
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