Psychology of Learning
Mock Exam
Course Introduction
Psychology of Learning explores the fundamental processes by which humans and animals acquire new knowledge, skills, behaviors, and values. This course examines major theoretical perspectives including behaviorism, cognitive theories, social learning, and constructivism along with current research findings on how learning occurs across different environments and developmental stages. Students will analyze factors that influence motivation, memory, transfer of learning, and problem-solving, as well as practical applications in educational, therapeutic, and organizational contexts. Emphasis is placed on integrating theory with real-world implications to better understand how learning shapes individual development and drives human adaptation.
Recommended Textbook
Children and Their Development 4th Canadian Edition by Robert V. Kail
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14 Chapters
2726 Verified Questions
2726 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/2436
Page 2
Chapter 1: The Science of Child Development
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271 Verified Questions
271 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/48369
Sample Questions
Q1) Piaget claimed that radical revisions occur three times in development: once at about age one,a second time at about age five,and a third time just before adolescence.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Erikson proposed that,late in life,individuals face their final psychosocial crisis:
A)industry vs.inferiority.
B)generativity vs.stagnation.
C)intimacy vs.isolation.
D)integrity vs.despair.
Answer: D
Q3) A correlation coefficient of .85 indicates that two variables are positively related (e.g. ,children who watch many violent TV shows are more aggressive).
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Genetic Bases of Child Development
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165 Verified Questions
165 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An individual's physical,behavioural,and psychological features are known as one's A)phenotype.
B)deoxyribonucleic acid.
C)genotype.
D)genes.
Answer: A
Q2) Each group of nucleotide bases that provides a specific set of biochemical instructions is called a A)phenotype.
B)gene.
C)chromosome pair.
D)recessive allele.
Answer: B
Q3) Polygenic inheritance
A)reflects the influence of a single gene.
B)determines "either-or" traits such as eye colour.
C)cannot be studied because its influence is too broad.
D)influences behavioural and psychological traits such as intelligence.
Answer: D
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn
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246 Verified Questions
246 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Even occasional,mild anxiety has negative effects on the developing child.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Will was born 35 weeks after conception.Will was a
A)premature infant.
B)small-for-date infant.
C)full-term infant.
D)postmature infant.
Answer: A
Q3) Scientists have identified five general risk factors that can have widespread effects on prenatal development.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Miscarriages are slightly more likely after amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Growth and Health
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191 Verified Questions
191 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Epiphyses are
A)the collective physical changes that occur in early adolescence.
B)chemicals that travel in the bloodstream to act on other body parts.
C)changes in physical development from one generation to the next.
D)the ends of the cartilage structures in a fetus.
Q2) Your friend sees you buying baby food and formula for the food bank and says "I don't think many babies end up at food banks!" What would you tell her about malnutrition in Canada and about the importance of early nutrition on growth?
Q3) One rule of thumb when it comes to children and eating is that preschoolers should consume about ____ calories per kilogram of body weight.
A)90
B)150
C)40
D)200
Q4) Girls who mature early ________ than girls who mature late.
A)receive better grades in school
B)are more popular with peers
C)are more likely to smoke and drink
D)have more self-confidence
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Chapter 5: Perceptual and Motor Development
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194 Verified Questions
194 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is a form of locomotion?
A)holding a bottle
B)crawling
C)using a stick shift
D)building with blocks
Q2) Detection of hearing impairments early in infancy
A)is not possible.
B)is not predictive of hearing impairments later in life.
C)does not increase the probability of treatment success.
D)increases the likelihood of being able to treat the problem.
Q3) Researchers often measure an infant's heart rate,facial expression,or head movements to see if the infant responds differently to two different stimuli.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Suzanne wants her children to be more active.What advice can you give her?
Q5) Visual acuity assesses how
A)clearly an infant can see.
B)well an infant can perceive depth.
C)well an infant can perceive colour.
D)retinal images in the left and right eyes compare.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Theories of Cognitive Development
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172 Verified Questions
172 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Piaget,most infants begin to use symbols at about A)birth to 1 month.
B)4 months.
C)8 months.
D)18 months.
Q2) Discuss assimilation and accommodation and the balance between the two.
Q3) Mental structures that allow for organization of information into a coherent whole are called schemas.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following is an implication of Piaget's theory for teaching practices?
A)Teachers should tell children facts that they can absorb passively.
B)Children should be encouraged to look at the consistency of their own thinking and to sort out any inconsistencies.
C)The best teaching experiences are slightly behind a child's current level of thinking.
D)Teachers should construct a child's understanding of the world.
Q5) Name and describe the four stages of Piaget's theory.
Q6) Describe the ways Vygotsky's perspective can be implemented in classrooms.
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Chapter 7: Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills
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174 Verified Questions
174 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The idea that most experiences can be stored in memory exactly (verbatim) or in terms of their basic meaning (gist) is known as fuzzy trace theory.
A)True
B)False
Q2) You are teaching Grade 4 science to a group of 9- and 10-year-old students.What can you expect from them with regards to the scientific method,and are there things that you,as the teacher,can do to help your students improve their scientific reasoning?
Q3) The ability to use an effective memory strategy
A)does not change with age.
B)involves evaluating the effectiveness of a particular strategy for the task at hand.
C)does not influence how much one remembers.
D)is well-developed by the time children are seven years old.
Q4) Retrieving words from memory is used in reading by
A)beginning readers only.
B)skilled readers only.
C)both beginning and skilled readers.
D)neither beginning nor skilled readers.
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9
Chapter 8: Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition
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163 Verified Questions
163 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of Gardner's intelligences develops first?
A)logical-mathematical
B)linguistic
C)spatial
D)all of the intelligences develop simultaneously
Q2) Tests of infant intelligence do not generally predict later behaviour because
A)individual differences in ability are too large in infants.
B)infant tests are not reliable.
C)infant tests tap different abilities than do later tests.
D)infant tests have not been standardized like later tests have been.
Q3) Ten-year-old Brent has substantially below average intelligence and problems performing the daily living skills needed in his environment.Brent has characteristics of A)a learning disability.
B)intellectual disability.
C)divergent thinking.
D)adaptive behaviour.
Q4) IQ scores are poor predictors of school performance.
A)True
B)False
10
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Chapter 9: Language and Communication
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180 Verified Questions
180 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Language has arbitrary units and is therefore symbolic.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is language and how does it differ from simple communication?
Q3) Children with expressive language-learning styles
A)have vocabularies that primarily consist of the names of objects,people,and actions.
B)have vocabularies that consist of many social phrases.
C)use language as an intellectual tool.
D)have vocabularies that contain few question words such as "what."
Q4) According to the cognitive view,children learn language by searching across many examples stored in memory.
A)True
B)False
Q5) When seven- to eight-month-olds hear a word repeatedly in different sentences,later they
A)pay less attention to that word than to words they have not heard previously.
B)pay more attention to that word than to words they have not heard previously.
C)pay the same amount of attention to the previously heard word and new words.
D)cannot recognize sound patterns that they hear repeatedly.
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Chapter 10: Emotional Development
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162 Verified Questions
162 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A seven-year-old who worries about school
A)should get help from a therapist.
B)is said to have a "school phobia."
C)would not be unusual unless her concern grew to the point that she refused to go to school.
D)has a faulty internal working model.
Q2) ________ is used to study attachment relationships.
A)A social smile
B)Systematic desensitization
C)Stranger anxiety
D)The Strange Situation
Q3) Complex emotions emerge between 18 to 24 months of age.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Smiles during the first month reflect the infant's pleasure in interacting with others.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Provide examples supporting the notion that temperament is an important influence on development.
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Chapter 11: Understanding Self and Others
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177 Verified Questions
177 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Antidepressant drugs
A)have effects that last after the individual stops taking the drugs.
B)are more effective than forms of psychotherapy that emphasize cognitive and social skills.
C)should be prescribed in any young person who has been diagnosed with depression. D)are designed to correct an imbalance in neurotransmitters.
Q2) Which of the following shows the proper sequence of Selman's stages of perspective-taking?
A)undifferentiated,self-reflective,societal,third-person,social-informational
B)undifferentiated,social-informational,societal,third-person,self-reflective
C)social-informational,self-reflective,third-person,societal,undifferentiated
D)undifferentiated,social-informational,self-reflective,third-person,societal
Q3) Marissa is 16 years old.She believes that texting while driving isn't a big deal because all of her friends do it and that she's unlikely to get in an accident as she's very good at texting.This adolescent belief is known as the illusion of invulnerability.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Name and briefly describe Selman's five stages of perspective taking.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Moral Understanding and Behaviour
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162 Verified Questions
162 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research suggests that children who are highly aggressive
A)are equally likely to be boys or girls.
B)are more likely than less aggressive children to commit criminal offenses when they get older.
C)are likely to remain aggressive but are no more likely than less aggressive children to commit criminal offenses when they get older.
D)are simply being playful and are likely to outgrow their aggressiveness as they get older.
Q2) Children are more likely to act altruistically when they are in a happy mood.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Children are more likely to be aggressive if their parents use physical punishment with them.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In the personal domain,decisions are considered to be "right" or "wrong."
A)True
B)False
Q5) Critique Kohlberg's theory.
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Chapter 13: Gender and Development
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160 Verified Questions
160 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Your friend has noticed that her daughter seems to pay more attention to what other girls,not boys,do while her son focuses on what other boys,not girls,do.She is surprised because she doesn't see why they both don't pay equal attention to boys and girls.You tell her that her children's behaviour is best explained by ________ theory.
A)social cognitive
B)Kohlberg's theory of gender identity
C)gender-schema
D)biological
Q2) Children whose parents are deeply committed to rearing them without traditional gender stereotypes
A)do not like gender-stereotyped activities.
B)do not have same-gender friends.
C)have greater stereotyped attitudes about occupations.
D)have fewer stereotyped attitudes about the use of objects.
Q3) ________ appear(s) to contribute to gender roles and gender differences.
A)Biology
B)Socializing influences including people and the media
C)Children's own thinking
D)Biology,socializing influences,and children's own thinking
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Social Influences
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309 Verified Questions
309 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The impact of divorce is likely to be more harmful
A)for girls than for boys.
B)for boys than for girls.
C)if it occurs during the preschool or college years rather than during the elementary through high school years.
D)if it occurs during the elementary through high school years rather than during the preschool or college years.
Q2) When the dimensions of warmth and control are combined,the result is six prototypic styles of parenting.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Parent-child relations are best described as A)parallel.
B)reciprocal.
C)unchanging.
D)a one-way street.
Q4) It is commonly believed that peer pressure is always negative and "all-powerful".Refute this idea.
Q5) Name the characteristics typically associated with successful schools.
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