Psychology of Infancy and Childhood Question
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Course Introduction
This course explores the psychological development of children from birth through childhood, emphasizing the physical, cognitive, emotional, and social changes that occur during these critical years. Topics include attachment theory, language acquisition, sensory and motor development, early learning processes, and the influence of family, culture, and environment on developmental outcomes. Students will examine major theories and research findings in developmental psychology to better understand how early experiences shape behavior, personality, and mental health throughout life. The course also addresses contemporary issues and controversies in the field, such as the impact of technology, parenting practices, and early intervention programs.
Recommended Textbook
Development Infancy Through Adolescence 1st Edition by Laurence Steinberg
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15 Chapters
1667 Verified Questions
1667 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: The Study of Child Development
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117 Verified Questions
117 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Professor Tsalani studies how children of different ages solve word puzzles and riddles.He is concerned with development in the _____domain.
A)physical
B)cognitive
C)socioemotional
D)perceptual
Answer: B
Q2) A research project which looks at many people of many different ages all at once,in order to compare them to each other is called a _____ study.
A)cross-sectional
B)longitudinal
C)latitudinal
D)cross-sequential
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Nature With Nurture
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111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An example of an active gene-environment correlation is that A)Adam's parents become overly protective because he is predisposed to fear many things.
B)Darnell's parents are both highly intelligent and enjoy reading,and he does well in school.
C)Leisha's parents both have IQs of about 85,and spend most of their time sitting around doing nothing.
D)Fran decides to go to baseball camp because she is good at baseball,and camp makes her an even better player.
Answer: D
Q2) The function of RNA in cells most resembles that of a A)gardener.
B)messenger.
C)teacher.
D)thief.
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Conception,prenatal Development,and Birth
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111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A baby's score on the Apgar scale is considered good if it is
A)9 or higher.
B)7 or higher.
C)5 or higher.
D)3 or higher.
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following is not one of the prenatal stages of development?
A)Fetal
B)Homunculus
C)Embryonic
D)Zygotic
Answer: B
Q3) _____ is not a factor in complications that pregnant women may face.
A)Protein deficiency
B)Folic acid deficiency
C)Being over 30 years old
D)Too much zinc in the diet
Answer: D
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5
Chapter 4: Physical Development in Infancy
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110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most babies first learn to walk a few steps independently at about A)10 months of age.
B)12 months of age.
C)14 months of age.
D)16 months of age.
Q2) You are working in a laboratory that studies brain activity in newborns.To evaluate the electrical activity of groups of brain cells,you will use A)electroencephalography.
B)event-related potentials.
C)microelectrode recording.
D)electromyography.
Q3) Synaptogenesis and pruning are integral processes that contribute to the brain's A)evulsion.
B)evoked brain potentials.
C)plasmolysis.
D)plasticity.
Q4) Draw a picture of a neuron.Label all of its major structures.Explain the functions of each structure.
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6
Chapter 5: Cognitive Development in Infancy
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When baby Aaron realizes that the teddy bear and the stuffed moose are both soft and fun to hug,he is engaging in A)memory.
B)pretend play.
C)categorization.
D)habituation.
Q2) When little Brendan first saw a picture of Bullwinkle Moose,he looked at it for a long time.After he'd seen the picture several times,he spent less and less time looking at it each time.This tapering off of his interest is due to A)habituation.
B)constructivism.
C)accommodation.
D)categorization.
Q3) Studies of children's IQ levels show that they correlate with _____ in infancy.
A)both habituation and novelty responsiveness
B)habituation,but not novelty responsiveness
C)novelty responsiveness but not habituation
D)neither habituation nor novelty responsiveness
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Chapter 6: Socioemotional Development in Infancy
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121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Temperament in infancy
A)guarantees a child's later outlook on life.
B)is totally unrelated to a child's later outlook on life.
C)seems to be the basis for a child's later outlook on life.
D)seems to predict academic achievement better than IQ testing.
Q2) Harry Harlow's experiments with Rhesus monkeys demonstrated that the key to attachment was
A)feeding.
B)physical exercise.
C)a psychosocial crisis.
D)contact comfort.
Q3) Babies with easy temperaments may do better on various cognitive tests for all of the following reasons except
A)easy temperaments may make them more persistent.
B)easy temperaments evoke more positive responses from others.
C)easy temperaments indicate greater cognitive development.
D)easy temperaments may allow them to respond better to strangers.
Q4) Define the four attachment styles listed in your textbook.Describe the Strange Situation test and explain how it's used to study attachment.
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Chapter 7: Physical Development in Early Childhood
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The _____ is the part of the brain that controls reasoning and executive functions.
A)frontal cortex.
B)parietal lobe.
C)motor cortex.
D)occipital lobe.
Q2) The idea that motor development in childhood is due entirely to maturation is most closely associated with
A)John B . Watson.
B)Arnold Gesell.
C)Myrtle McGraw.
D)Mary Ainsworth.
Q3) Anatoli is 2 years old.He is not likely to be able to do any of the following tasks except A)skipping on one foot.
B)riding a tricycle.
C)kicking a ball.
D)riding a scooter.
Q4) Explain how elements from cases of child abuse and child neglect give us evidence for plasticity in children's brains.
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9
Chapter 8: Cognitive Development in Early Childhood
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/63299
Sample Questions
Q1) Piaget believed that parents and teachers can,and should,
A)accelerate the cognitive development of preschoolers.
B)accelerate their development of mathematical skills,but not language.
C)accelerate overall cognitive development,but not mathematical reasoning.
D)not attempt to accelerate children's cognitive development.
Q2) Leonardo's father asks him the name of his favorite television show.Leonardo uses a _____ strategy to retrieve the information from his memory.
A)recall
B)recognition
C)reconciliation
D)reciprocity
Q3) Children can generally recite the alphabet and relate stories to their own experiences by the time they are approximately _____ years old.
A)3
B)4
C)5
D)6
Q4) Explain how adults can encourage the development of literacy in children.
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Chapter 9: Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Little Tusa sees a candy wrapper on the sidewalk.She picks it up and throws it in the trash.Tusa is demonstrating
A)externalizing behavior.
B)internalizing behavior.
C)instrumental aggression.
D)prosocial behavior
Q2) All of the following are secondary emotions except A)pride.
B)guilt.
C)shame.
D)happiness.
Q3) Ben hits Cecil on the head because he doesn't like Cecil and wants to hurt him.Ben is demonstrating _____ aggression.
A)hostile
B)instrumental
C)reactive
D)empathic
Q4) Explain how parents can use scaffolding to help children develop emotional intelligence and appropriate emotional responses and displays.
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Chapter 10: Physical Development in Middle Childhood
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A condition in which sleeping children repeatedly stop breathing for up to a minute at a time is called
A)apoplexy.
B)night terrors.
C)anoxia.
D)apnea.
Q2) Children get their permanent teeth
A)molars first,then the middle teeth,and finally their front teeth.
B)in about the first two years of middle childhood.
C)in the last two years of middle childhood.
D)at a rate of about 4 per year during middle childhooD.
Q3) Children are currently exposed to _____ of advertising for unhealthy foods than they were 30 years ago.
A)about the same amount
B)considerably more hours
C)considerably fewer hours
D)about 10% fewer hours
Q4) Describe the factors that contribute to childhood obesity,and discuss steps that might be taken to negate or minimize them.
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Chapter 11: Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Your local Board of Education has employed you as an educational consultant.Explain and justify several steps that the school district can take to improve the learning of its elementary school children.
Q2) Charles Spearman argued that intelligence was made up of A)analytical,creative,and practical abilities.
B)seven primary mental abilities.
C)a single factor that he called g.
D)the abilities measured by a good,standardized IQ test.
Q3) Sigmund can make anyone feel better.He has a knack for knowing how his friends feel,and saying just the right thing.Robert Sternberg would probably say that Sigmund has a great deal of _____ intelligence.
A)interpersonal
B)practical
C)creative
D)analytical
Q4) Describe the different memory strategies you might teach children to help them improve both their short-term and long-term memories.
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13
Chapter 12: Socioemotional Development in Middle Childhood
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110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/63309
Sample Questions
Q1) Membership in a clique tends to emphasize A)deviance.
B)achievement.
C)bullying.
D)similarity.
Q2) Prosocial acts
A)are always altruistic.
B)are culturally reinforced.
C)require individualistic thinking.
D)require collectivistic thinking.
Q3) In elementary school,children's aggression is usually A)verbal.
B)physical.
C)agonistiC.
D)congenital.
Q4) Altruistic behavior is most likely based on _____ thinking.
A)conventional
B)unconventional
C)preconventional
D)postconventional
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Chapter 13: Physical Development in Adolescence
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/63308
Sample Questions
Q1) HIV/AIDS is spread through
A)any physical contact between two people.
B)the air,by breathing in the vicinity of an infected person.
C)touching objects used by infected people.
D)contact with bodily fluids of infected people.
Q2) Sensation-seeking may be more prevalent in adolescence than in childhood because of changes in the brain's
A)HPG axis.
B)Broca's area.
C)hippocampus.
D)limbic system.
Q3) Adolescent sexual education conducted through schools,youth groups,or religious organizations
A)has been largely successful at stopping adolescents from having sexual intercourse.
B)has had a large impact,increasing the use of contraceptives among adolescents.
C)concentrates too much on the emotional aspects of sex,and not enough on the biological ones.
D)focuses too much on knowledge,and not enough on behavior.
Q4) Explain the psychosocial outcomes for early-maturing girls and boys.
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Chapter 14: Cognitive Development in Adolescence
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The development of _____ thinking often leads adolescents to question their parents' religions or moral philosophies.
A)relativistic
B)metacognitive
C)egocentric
D)preoperational
Q2) Althea goes to a museum and notices a sign that says,"Suggested donation: $10." She realizes that she doesn't actually have to pay anything to get in to the museum,since it's a public building,and that when people pay $10 for a museum button,they're engaging in
A)mutual role taking.
B)social convention.
C)concrete operations.
D)metacognition.
Q3) Which of the following will not have much affect on a student's success in school?
A)The student's attributional style
B)The student's socioeconomic status
C)The student's genetic determinism
D)The quality of the school's facilities
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Chapter 15: Socioemotional Development in Adolescence
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108 Verified Questions
108 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Adolescents who achieve complete autonomy and feel totally independent of their families
A)are at risk for behavior problems.
B)may develop feelings of depression or low self-esteem.
C)will develop higher self-esteem and more mature coping abilities.
D)are on the normal path of adolescent development.
Q2) _____ is a major risk factor for an individual's development into becoming an adolescence-limited offender.
A)A history of aggressive childhood behavior
B)Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
C)Socializing with antisocial peers
D)Poverty
Q3) What is a clique? How does belonging to a clique help adolescents resolve the identity crisis described by Erik Erikson?
Q4) Teenagers are most influenced by
A)their parents in matters of music and clothing.
B)their parents in matters of leisure-time activities.
C)their peers in matters of day-to-day social matters.
D)their peers in matters of career choices.
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