Psychology of Human Growth and Development
Textbook Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Psychology of Human Growth and Development explores the physical, cognitive, social, and emotional changes that occur throughout the human lifespan, from conception to old age. The course examines major theories and research findings related to developmental stages, focusing on factors that influence growth, such as genetics, environment, culture, and life experiences. Students will gain insight into typical and atypical development, milestones, and the interplay between biological and environmental determinants of behavior, with applications to educational, clinical, and real-world settings.
Recommended Textbook
HDEV 5th Edition by Spencer A. Rathus
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
19 Chapters
2228 Verified Questions
2228 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/2144
Page 2
Chapter 1: History, Theories, and Methods
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42733
Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the importance of evolutionary psychology in studying human development. Answer: Answers will vary. The field of evolutionary psychology studies the ways in which adaptation and natural selection are connected with mental processes and behavior. One of the concepts of evolutionary psychology is that not only physical traits but also patterns of behavior, including social behavior, evolve and are transmitted genetically from generation to generation. In other words, behavior patterns that help an organism to survive and reproduce are likely to be transmitted to the next generation. Such behaviors are believed to include aggression, strategies of mate selection, even altruism-that is, self-sacrifice of the individual to help perpetuate the family group.
Q2) Which of the following is true of the ego according to Freud?
A) It is biologically based and present at birth.
B) It is driven by the quest for pleasure.
C) It forces us to follow rules and acts as a moral base.
D) It makes plans that are socially appropriate.
Answer: D
Q3) John Locke said that children begin life as a clean slate.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 3
Chapter 2: Heredity and Prenatal Development
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42734
Sample Questions
Q1) The typical sex chromosome pattern for males is _____.
A) XX
B) XYY
C) XY
D) XXY
Answer: C
Q2) Discuss the cause and effects of preeclampsia.
Answer: Answers will vary. Preeclampsia (also called toxemia) is a life-threatening disease characterized by high blood pressure that may afflict women late in the second or early in the third trimester. Women with toxemia often have premature or undersized babies. Toxemia also causes some 15% to 20% of pregnancy-related maternal deaths. Preeclampsia appears to be linked to malnutrition, but the causes are unclear. Women who do not receive prenatal care are much more likely to die from preeclampsia than those who do receive prenatal care.
Q3) The actual sets of traits that people exhibit are called their genotypes.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
4
Chapter 3: Birth and the Newborn Baby: in the New World
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42735
Sample Questions
Q1) According to studies conducted by Keebaugh, A. C., et al. in 2015 and by Young in 2015, increasing _____ levels transform an indifferent male into a caring, monogamous, and protective mate and father.
A) vasopressin
B) testosterone
C) prolactin
D) epinephrine
Answer: A
Q2) The Apgar scale is a measure used to assess the health of a mother after she has given birth.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) When a baby is low in birth weight, even though it is born at full term, it is referred to as being small for gestational age.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
5
Chapter 4: Infancy: Physical Development
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42736
Sample Questions
Q1) From birth, infants should be:
A) fed breast milk.
B) fed cow's milk.
C) introduced to solid food.
D) given finger foods.
Q2) An adult's arms are nearly:
A) three times the length of the head.
B) five times the length of the head.
C) four times the length of the head.
D) six times the length of the head.
Q3) In the context of neurons, which of the following is a function of the myelin sheath?
A) It facilitates the entry of electrically charged atoms in the fluids that encase the nervous system into the neurons.
B) It prevents electrical messages from traveling down an axon.
C) It facilitates the creation of neurotransmitters.
D) It minimizes leakage of the electric current being carried along an axon.
Q4) Discuss the changes that take place when an infant becomes a toddler.
Q5) Briefly explain the sequence of motor development in infancy.
Q6) Discuss failure to thrive syndrome in infants.
Page 6
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 5: Infancy: Cognitive Development
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42737
Sample Questions
Q1) The behavior rating scale in the Bayley Scales of Infant Development assesses
A) attention span
B) perceptual skills
C) learning and memory
D) problem-solving skills
Q2) Infants' first sentences are typically one-word utterances.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Explain the nativist view of language development.
Q4) Which of the following is an example of a simple reflex?
A) Reaching for an object
B) Crawling toward a bright object
C) Searching for an object behind an obstacle
D) Turning toward the source of a noise
Q5) Piaget believed that deferred imitation appears at about _____ months of age.
A) 18
B) 15
C) 12
D) 10
Page 7
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 6: Infancy: Social and Emotional Development
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42738
Sample Questions
Q1) The _____ phase of attachment lasts from birth to about three months.
A) insecure
B) attachment-in-the-making
C) initial-preattachment
D) clear-cut-attachment
Q2) Asperger's disorder is characterized by:
A) a range of physical, behavioral, motor, and cognitive abnormalities.
B) abnormal functioning and the loss of previously acquired skills.
C) significant cognitive or language delays associated with autism.
D) social deficits and stereotyped behavior.
Q3) Lucy has regular sleep and feeding schedules, approaches new situations with enthusiasm and adapts to them easily, and is generally cheerful. In terms of temperament, Lucy is a(n) _____
A) insecure child
B) slow-to-warm-up child
C) difficult child
D) easy child
Q4) Physiologically, when emotions are strong, our hearts beat less rapidly.
A)True
B)False
Page 8
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 7: Early Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
131 Verified Questions
131 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42739
Sample Questions
Q1) Sleep terrors differ from nightmares in that:
A) nightmares are more frightening.
B) sleep terrors occur during rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep.
C) nightmares are usually outgrown.
D) sleep terrors occur during a deeper sleep stage.
Q2) Which of the following is a result of the myelination of the corpus callosum?
A) It hinders the development of the cerebellum.
B) It restricts the brain from exhibiting plasticity.
C) It helps in distinguishing between left- and right-brained children.
D) It enables the integration of logical and emotional functioning.
Q3) Children reared in poverty generally perform better on standardized intelligence tests than children of higher socioeconomic status.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Caitlin thinks that all people love dolls because she loves dolls. Caitlin is displaying
A) egocentrism
B) sociocentrism
C) symbolic thinking
D) cognitive flexibility
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 9
Chapter 8: Early Childhood: Social and Emotional Development
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42740
Sample Questions
Q1) Warm parents:
A) are likely to impose unreasonable rules and to watch their children closely.
B) are more likely than cold parents to complain about their children's behavior.
C) tend to hug and kiss their children and smile at them frequently.
D) enjoy being with their children but do not communicate their feelings to them.
Q2) _________parents may not enjoy their children and may have few feelings of affection for them.
A) Authoritative
B) Permissive-indulgent
C) Warm
D) Cold
Q3) Fear of social disapproval is the most common fear among preschoolers.
A)True
B)False
Q4) How do the evolutionary and social cognitive theories differ in how they explain gender-role development?
Q5) Describe the authoritarian parenting style.
Q6) Discuss gender typing.
Page 10
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 9: Middle Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42741
Sample Questions
Q1) The ability to focus one's attention and screen out distractions advances steadily through middle childhood.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Preoperational children engaged in problem solving tend to focus on more than one element of the problem at a time, which is a major reason they have developed conservation.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following physiological changes occur during the middle childhood years?
A) Reaction time increases.
B) Muscles grow weaker.
C) Neural pathways become less myelinated.
D) Experience refines sensorimotor abilities.
Q4) Concrete-operational children:
A) focus on tangible objects.
B) focus on abstract ideas.
C) do not engage in decentration.
D) do not exhibit transitivity.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 11
Chapter 10: Middle Childhood: Social and Emotional Development
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42742
Sample Questions
Q1) In middle childhood, perceived low levels of competence are linked to _____.
A) high self-esteem
B) depression
C) extraversion
D) egocentrism
Q2) Emily is an 11-year-old girl with an inferiority complex. She believes herself to be a good-for-nothing and views the world as cold and unfair. According to research by Chan & Koo in 2011 and Scales in 2014, Emily's parents are most likely to be:
A) nurturing.
B) authoritarian.
C) protective.
D) restrictive.
Q3) According to research by Rodkin et al. in 2013 and Xie et al. in 2006, socially speaking, popular children:
A) have low self-esteem.
B) are nurturant, cooperative, and helpful.
C) are more likely to be rejected by their peers.
D) remain on the fringes of peer groups.
Q4) What are the characteristics of an effective school?
Page 12
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 11: Adolescence: Physical and Cognitive Development
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42743
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a characteristic of anorexia nervosa?
A) Binge eating
B) A distorted body image
C) An increase in bone density
D) A dramatic weight gain
Q2) Latency is a stage of development characterized by reaching sexual maturity and the ability to reproduce.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Discuss the use of symbols among adolescents.
Q4) Late-maturing boys are more poised, relaxed, and good-natured than early-maturing boys.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Which of the following statements is true of sex hormones?
A) They stimulate the hypothalamus, perpetuating the feedback loop in puberty.
B) They respond to pituitary hormones by increasing their production of alleles.
C) They control the production of antibodies by the immune system.
D) They signal the pituitary gland, which, in turn, constrains hormones.
Q6) Discuss the gender differences in verbal ability among adolescents. Page 13
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 14
Chapter 12: Adolescence: Social and Emotional Development
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
126 Verified Questions
126 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42744
Sample Questions
Q1) Identify a true statement about friendships in adolescence.
A) Adolescents and their friends tend to have opposing views about drug use and sexual activity.
B) Friendships in adolescence are less likely to stress mutual understanding as compared to friendships of childhood.
C) Adolescents and their friends typically belong to the same age, race, and gender.
D) Friendships in adolescence are less likely to stress intimate self-disclosure as compared to friendships of childhood.
Q2) Which of the following statements is true of the development of sexual identity?
A) Sexual differentiation of sex organs and brain occur at different times.
B) Individuals are genetically predisposed to have a bisexual orientation.
C) Adolescents are unlikely to be aware of their sexual orientation.
D) Sexual orientation of individuals is unlikely to be determined before their birth.
Q3) Discuss the risk factors in suicide among adolescents.
Q4) In the context of adolescence, discuss sexual orientation and sexual identity.
Q5) Describe the development of sexual orientation.
Q6) Discuss adolescents' relationship with their parents.
Page 15
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 13: Early Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42745
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true of premenstrual syndrome?
A) It is more severe than premenstrual dysphoric disorder.
B) It cannot be treated or prevented.
C) It refers to the absence of menstruation.
D) It may be linked to hormonal fluctuations.
Q2) Which of the following is true of women in their late 30s and early 40s?
A) There is a decline in the quality and quantity of their ova.
B) They rarely have fertility problems.
C) They cannot have healthy children, including their first children.
D) The risk of developing chromosomal abnormalities during pregnancy is low.
Q3) The transmission of _____ can occur by touching an infectious chancre.
A) chlamydia
B) syphilis
C) genital herpes
D) gonorrhea
Q4) Sensory sharpness declines dramatically in early adulthood.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe substance use and abuse in early adulthood.
Q6) Discuss the effects of stress and on the health of young adults. Page 16
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 17
Chapter 14: Early Adulthood: Social and Emotional Development
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42746
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following best describes the boomerang generation?
A) It refers to young adults who were born right after the Second World War.
B) It refers to young adults who reject the traditional norms and values of their parents in order to establish a new social order.
C) It refers to young adults who return home to live with parents for financial reasons even after graduating college.
D) It refers to young adults who venture out on their own after graduating college.
Q2) Chris and Amber were instantly attracted to each other the first time they met. They enjoyed a whirlwind romance for some weeks before they realized that they were not well matched for a long-term commitment. According to Sternberg's triangular theory of love, Chris and Amber's relationship can best be termed as:
A) empty love.
B) fatuous love.
C) companionate love.
D) consummate love.
Q3) Explain the attraction-similarity hypothesis.
Q4) Discuss the challenges of the single life among young adults.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 18
Chapter 15: Middle Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42747
Sample Questions
Q1) K. Warner Schaie's longitudinal research, conducted in 2013, found that _____ is one of the intellectual factors that showed improvement through most of the years of middle adulthood and stability from 53 to 60.
A) memory
B) emotion
C) numeric ability
D) sensitivity
Q2) The stress hormones connected with anger can constrict the blood vessels to the heart, leading to a heart attack in people who are vulnerable.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Julia is a perimenopausal woman who suffers from night sweats and hot flashes. She also suffers from severe joint pain and heart palpitations. Julia's gynecologist has suggested hormone replacement therapy as a cure. In this scenario, Julia has _____.
A) spatial disorientation
B) diabetic retinopathy
C) autoimmune thyroiditis
D) estrogen deficiency
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 19
Chapter 16: Middle Adulthood: Social and Emotional Development
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42748
Sample Questions
Q1) Identify an event that is likely to trigger a midlife crisis among middle-aged adults.
A) The acquisition of a new home
B) The birth of nephews and nieces
C) The death of a parent or a friend
D) The wedding of a grandchild
Q2) Cross-cultural research on the "big five" personality factors has shown that:
A) most personality characteristics are derived genetically from parents.
B) personality is developed within the first five years of life.
C) the expression of personality traits remains unaffected by culture.
D) the factors are related to people's basic temperaments, which are largely inborn.
Q3) Linghao, a 50-year-old artist, is imaginative and creative in his use of paints in his art class. He is likely to score high in the _____ factor of the five-factor personality model.
A) extraversion
B) conscientiousness
C) neuroticism
D) openness to experience
Q4) Discuss job satisfaction among middle-aged adults.
Page 20
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 17: Late Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42749
Sample Questions
Q1) According to the _____, the immune system is preset to decline by an internal biological clock.
A) immunological theory
B) wear-and-tear theory
C) free-radical theory
D) cross-linking theory
Q2) Chronic alcoholism can cause dementia.
A)True
B)False
Q3) According to a study, age-related decline in prospective memory is greatest when:
A) attention paid to the impending task is high.
B) distractibility is low.
C) the cues are conspicuous.
D) the task to be completed is not crucial.
Q4) Discuss abstract problem-solving ability among people in the late adulthood phase of life.
Q5) How does psychologist Lynn Hasher associate the distractibility of older adults with their wisdom?
Q6) Is substance abuse by adults a major problem in America?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 21
Chapter 18: Late Adulthood: Social and Emotional Development
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42750
Sample Questions
Q1) Who among the following is most likely to show the least adjustment to retirement?
A) A doctor
B) A firefighter
C) A professor
D) A lawyer
Q2) Are older adults willing to relocate to residences for the elderly? Why or why not?
Q3) Which of the following statements is true of the influence of religion on older adults?
A) Religious involvement is usually associated with less depression.
B) Older adults who are actively involved in religious activities have less chances of achieving ego transcendence.
C) Active religious involvement reduces the opportunities for social networking.
D) Older African Americans who are regular churchgoers have the same longevity as those who do not attend church.
Q4) Discuss retirement planning as explained by psychologists Gary Adams and Barbara Rau, and Daniel Feldman and Terry Beehr.
Q5) In the context of late adulthood, discuss the validity of disengagement theory.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 22
Chapter 19: Lifes
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42751
Sample Questions
Q1) In active euthanasia, the administration of a lethal treatment is usually carried out by
A) the physician
B) the patient
C) a family member
D) an authorized medical authority
Q2) Death is the irreversible cessation of vital life functions.
A)True
B)False
Q3) According to the stages of dying as hypothesized by Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, which of the following stages is characterized by a sense of peace and dignity?
A) Brain death
B) Bargaining
C) Denial
D) Final acceptance
Q4) Describe adolescents' understanding of death and their reaction to it.
Q5) The concept of surviving death renders death more frightening to many children. A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 23