Psychology of Health and Illness Final Exam
Course Introduction
The Psychology of Health and Illness explores the complex interactions between psychological processes and physical health. This course examines how factors such as stress, personality, coping mechanisms, and social support influence the onset, progression, and recovery from illness. Students will analyze key theories and empirical research related to health behaviors, prevention strategies, patient-practitioner interactions, and the psychological impact of chronic diseases. Emphasis is placed on understanding how psychological interventions can promote well-being and improve health outcomes across diverse populations.
Recommended Textbook
The Psychology of Health and Health Care A Canadian Perspective 5th Edition by Gary Poole
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15 Chapters
764 Verified Questions
764 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Welcome to Health Psychology
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68 Verified Questions
68 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The term behavioural medicine emerged because of the
A)link between behaviour and germ theory
B)activity of micro organisms as a cause of illness
C)link between behaviour and health
D)identification of illnesses which could not be treated with medicines
E)strong influence of psychosomatic medicine
Answer: C
Q2) The application of psychological principles to the understanding of and improvement of health refers to the work of
A)behaviourists
B)clinical psychologists
C)counselling psychologists
D)health psychologists
E)psychoanalysts
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Stress and Coping
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69 Verified Questions
69 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Behavioural control over an event increases one's sense of _____________
A)imminence
B)duration
C)temporal uncertainty
D)emotional control
E)predictability
Answer: E
Q2) Self-help manuals that provide do-it-yourself instruction in coping with stress
A)Only work for those who are stress literate
B)Provide evidence about the pervasiveness of stress
C)Are not useful and could be dangerous
D)Are regulated by the Canadian Psychology Association
E)Grew out of the positive psychology approach
Answer: B
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4
Chapter 3: Psychoneuroimmunology
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61 Verified Questions
61 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A study by Cohen and colleagues (1995)attempted to sort out the relative contributions of state and trait-negative affect on the development of colds and flu.The results showed that______________________ was correlated with objectively confirmed symptoms.
A)both state and trait-negative affect
B)only state-negative affect
C)only trait-negative affect
D)neither state nor trait-negative affect
E)state-negative was twice as likely as train negative affect
Answer: C
Q2) Although immunocompetence provides one explanation for increased risk of contracting and dying of cancer,related behavioural phenomena that can affect the experience of cancer include all but one of the following
A)sleeping poorly
B)having less energy
C)not following medical regimens
D)seeking non-medical treatment
E)generally taking care of themselves
Answer: D
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5
Chapter 4: Health Communication
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66 Verified Questions
66 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the principles for assessing quality in Health-related web sites
Q2) Roter,Larsonm Sands,Ford and Houston (2008)found that the pattern of email exchanges appears to
A)be quite different from the face to face visit
B)be similar to the in-person visit
C)be much longer than the in-person visit
D)take more physician time than the in-person visit
E)be more inconvenient for the physician
Q3) Discuss the seven methods researchers use to measure patient adherence and include the disadvantages of each.
Q4) Your mother has just been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation,a chronic heart condition.You decide to find out more about this condition.Where would you begin your search for information and how can you tell that the information is accurate?
Q5) Non-adherence to prescribed medication may include all but one of the following
A)taking medication at the wrong time
B)discontinuing medication before recommended
C)taking medication in the wrong amount
D)not taking the prescribed medication
E)adding a home remedy to the prescribed treatment regimen
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Chapter 5: Health and Physical Activity
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Apply the concept of self-efficacy to the realm of performance in physical activity.
Q2) Which of the following activities would be considered passive leisure?
A)stamp collecting
B)watching television
C)playing a musical instrument
D)stationary bicycle riding
E)weight training
Q3) The latest intervention from clinical psychology which has been applied to the field of sport and exercise psychology is
A)goal setting
B)self talk
C)relaxation training
D)mindfulness meditation
E)imagery
Q4) What are the different functions that self-talk can serve in sport?
Q5) Explain the application of mindfulness and acceptance-based intervention on sport and exercise psychology.How does this approach differ from cognitive behavioural interventions?
Q6) Describe the five forms of physical activity and give an example of each.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Health-Compromising Behaviours
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Sample Questions
Q1) Virtually all cases of ______________________ occur in smokers and rarely occur in non-smokers.
A)cardiovascular disease
B)cerebrovascular disease
C)pancreatic cancer
D)cancer of the kidney
E)emphysema
Q2) The biggest problem with losing weight by dieting is that the dieting individual
A)becomes moody and self absorbed
B)is obsessed with food
C)is frequently unable to maintain the weight loss
D)loses fat and muscle
E)does not have social reinforcers readily available
Q3) All of the following have been identified as factors which encourage adolescents to start smoking except
A)peer pressure
B)modeling
C)advertising
D)personal characteristics
E)socioeconomic status
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Chapter 7: Chronic and Life-Threatening Illnesses
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67 Verified Questions
67 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The quality of life for people living with disabilities is related to their sense of social integration.This refers to
A)the extent to which they are engaged in meaningful activities
B)the extent to which they can maintain their independence
C)the extent to which they are accepted by others
D)the ease of community access
E)the number of disability services available for assistance
Q2) Support groups provide all of the following except A)opportunities for problem-focused coping
B)empathy
C)information
D)education
E)prescribed treatment
Q3) Describe the steps to follow when developing a psychotherapeutic treatment strategy for working with people who are chronically ill (Goodheart and Lansing,1997).
Q4) Discuss the impact of psychological distress on diabetes.
Q5) Analysis of cancer related depression has shown that the depression is linked to the occurrence of intrusive memories.What are intrusive memories and how do they affect the patient?
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Chapter 8: Pain
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61 Verified Questions
61 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following are considered benefits to experiencing pain except
A)it serves as a warning to prevent serious injury
B)it serves as a basis of learning to avoid injurious objects
C)it sets limits on activities essential for the body's natural recuperation
D)it serves as a marker for amputated limbs
E)it has survival value
Q2) The most commonly used pain questionnaire in clinical settings and laboratory research is the
A)McGill Pain Questionnaire
B)West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory
C)Pain Anxiety symptoms Scale
D)Dalhousie Everyday Pain Scale
E)Chronic Pain Coping Inventory
Q3) Goals of different pain management programs typically include all of the following except
A)improving social support
B)improving lifestyle functioning
C)decreasing reliance on medications
D)increasing use of health care services
E)decreasing the patient's experience of pain
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Chapter 9: The World of Health Care: Places, procedures, and People
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75 Verified Questions
75 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the factors identified by Polimeni and Moore (2002)which is closely connected to satisfaction with the hospital experience is
A)degree of invasiveness of the procedure
B)length of hospital stay
C)the admission procedure
D)patient's sense of control
E)number of health care professionals involved in treatment
Q2) In Russell's (1999)interviews with patients following their ICU experience,he discovered that some patients
A)need to revisit the ICU after recovery to put the experience behind them
B)were conscious during the entire time
C)experienced reflexion before adaptation
D)experienced reflexion well after they had been discharged
E)continued to have communication difficulties
Q3) Patients who showed the least physiological stress in response to a medical procedure were those who were given the amount of information that fit their preferences.Explain this statement.
Q4) What is the significance of burnout as it affects physicians? How does this impact patient care?
Page 11
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Chapter 10: From One to Many: Health on a Large Scale
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53 Verified Questions
53 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is meant by historical trauma and how does this apply to the Aboriginal population in Canada with respect to health.
Q2) Vulnerable populations are more likely to encounter a health problem and
A)demonstrate that social determinants are not equitably distributed
B)be stigmatized in the population
C)be located in suburban areas of Canada
D)demonstrate the effects of harm reduction
E)come from obesogenic neighbourhoods
Q3) British Columbia created a First Nations Health Authority for the purpose of
A)Giving more control to Aboriginal peoples for their own health care
B)Identifying culturally specific health concerns
C)Relieving the burden on the health care system
D)Developing more humane care
E)Segregating aboriginals from non-aboriginals in the health care system
Q4) Explain the current resistance to vaccinations and what kind of evidence should the public rely on for information?
Q5) What are the four health related dimensions of a neighbourhood.
Q6) Discuss the major health challenges for Canada's Aboriginal populations and relate these challenges to the prominent social determinants of health.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Health Promotion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Health promotion using the peripheral route of persuasion would include
A)appeals to the emotions
B)facts and logical arguments
C)statistics and medical knowledge
D)health education
E)an evaluation component
Q2) Labonte (1987)provided a three level framework for successful community oriented health promotion.Describe these three levels including the goal of each level.
Q3) The phases of the precede component of the health promotion model include all of the following except
A)medical diagnosis
B)social diagnosis
C)epidemiological diagnosis
D)behavioural and environmental diagnosis
E)policy diagnosis
Q4) Discuss the types of social support that can be provided to an individual.Explain why it is important to identify the different kinds of support.
Q5) Describe the steps involved in the evaluation of health promotion initiatives.
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Chapter 12: Conducting Research in Health Psychology
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7 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Tony was very excited to be included in a study of student health facilities on his campus.He is already thinking about the kinds of answers he should give,even before he has seen the questions.Tony's beliefs about the study could very well cause him to respond to the questions as he thinks he is supposed to answer rather than what he really thinks.This is an example of
A)sampling bias
B)a retrospective flaw
C)a potential demand characteristic
D)a main effect
E)applied research
Q2) What are the advantages and disadvantages of longitudinal and cross-sectional research designs as they apply to health psychology research?
Q3) Describe three common flaws in health psychology research.
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Chapter 13: Epidemiology: What Can Be Learned From the
Sars Outbreak in Canada
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8 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) In epidemiology,the total number of cases at any given time is the
A)incidence rate
B)prevalence
C)index rate
D)morbidity rate
E)mortality rate
Q2) The problem with reporting suspect cases is that
A)they almost always become probable cases
B)they do not differ from probable cases
C)the public is misled into believing the problem is minimal
D)the agent has not yet been identified
E)the public is presented with numbers that inaccurately reflect the risk of the disease
Q3) Of the types of agents possible,the agent for SARS was
A)chemical
B)physical
C)biological
D)social/behavioural
E)nutritional
Q4) Describe the steps involved in epidemiological research.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Complementary and Alternative Medicine Cam
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8 Verified Questions
8 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The difference between alternative treatment and complementary treatment is that the latter is
A)used in conjunction with allopathic treatment
B)not allopathic
C)traditional medicine
D)holistic
E)effective
Q2) Generally,the use of alternative treatment methods is ________________ in North America.
A)decreasing
B)increasing
C)stable
D)unheard of
E)accepted by physicians
Q3) Using the different outcome categories discuss the research findings addressing the effectiveness of CAM.
Q4) Why might a patient decide to use CAM? What are the characteristics of the person most likely to pursue alternative treatments?
Q5) Distinguish between the terms complementary,alternative and holistic therapies.
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Chapter 15: the Sociology of Health and Illness
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8 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The idea that health has become a "commodity with a certain value in the marketplace" (Clarke,2000)supports the proponents of
A)conflict theory
B)feminist theory
C)symbolic interactionism
D)sick role theory
E)role strain
Q2) One defining characteristic of the sick role is that it is A)permanent
B)temporary
C)maladaptive
D)identical to malingering
E)not based in reality
Q3) Distinguish between disease and illness from the perspective of a medical sociologist using symbolic interactionism.
Q4) Discuss the three major topics or issues which are the focus of women's health care.
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