Course Introduction
Psychology of Groups Question
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Psychology of Groups explores the dynamics of human behavior in social and organizational contexts, focusing on the formation, structure, and influence of groups. Students will examine how group membership shapes individual attitudes, decisions, and actions, analyzing topics such as conformity, leadership, groupthink, cohesion, conflict, and intergroup relations. Utilizing theories and empirical research from social psychology, this course investigates real-world applications in diverse settings, helping students understand the psychological mechanisms that drive group processes and their impact on society.
Recommended Textbook
Social Psychology 1st Edition by Thomas E. Heinzen
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Page 2
Chapter 1: An Introduction to Social Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) A study compares the social behaviors of chimpanzees to the social behaviors of humans. What important question of social psychology does this study seek to explore
A) Are we shaped more by biological factors of environmental factors
B) Is personality or environment more influential
C) Are humans special
D) What are the benefits and drawbacks of living in groups?
Answer: C
Q2) Considering how you might have responded as a participant of a certain social psychological experiment is an example of which idea
A) applying concepts of social psychology to your own life
B) furthering social psychological thought on a concept
C) understanding the subcomponents of a social psychological concept
D) isolating causal variables of a social psychological concept
Answer: A
Q3) Sometimes, ethical concerns may prohibit researchers from conducting true experiments.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Research Methods
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Sample Questions
Q1) A study finds that there is no connection between safety training and the number of injuries suffered in a factory. Which correlation coefficient would best represent this finding
A) 0.72
B) 0.08
C) 0.33
D) 0.54
Answer: B
Q2) Many psychological studies lack ethnic diversity. This decreases what
A) internal validity
B) design effects
C) reliability
D) generalizability
Answer: D
Q3) Which example best illustrates participant observation
A) study participants taking notes during an experiment
B) a researcher pretending to be a participant
C) careful monitoring of participants during the course of an experiment
D) a summation of participant reactions to an experiment
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: The Social Self
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Sample Questions
Q1) Self-esteem is a complex, abstract, and subjective construct.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Someone who does not change their behavior based on the social situation and pay little attention to how they come across are known as high self-monitors.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) How we think about ourselves ______.
A) changes over time
B) remains the same over time
C) is heavily influenced by biology
D) is largely unpredictable
Answer: A
Q4) Positive illusions sometimes allow us to cope with chronic stress.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Social Cognition
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Correll, Park, Judd, and Wittenbrink (2002) found that participants made many race-based errors. Why
A) experience
B) priming
C) principle of parsimony
D) heuristics
Q2) What do memory structures allow humans to do
A) process information almost automatically
B) carefully process detailed information
C) remember information more accurately
D) remember unusual occurrences more than common ones
Q3) Demonstrate two ways in which cognitive misers decrease their mental load.
Q4) Discuss two ways in which priming and experience can improved mental accessibility.
Q5) What type of mental structure guides common social behaviors
A) stereotypes
B) schemas
C) scripts
D) memory structure
Q6) Describe an example of a schema.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Person Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true about the what-is-beautiful-is-good effect
A) It may become a self-fulfilling prophecy.
B) It is stronger for males than females.
C) It is stronger than most other issues affecting perception.
D) It endures strongly over time.
Q2) People who believe they are mostly in control of their own fate tend to have an internal locus of control.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Everyone agrees that Barney is a jerk. What is this known as
A) consensus
B) consistency
C) distinctiveness
D) covariance
Q4) Being aware that a person has no control over her behavior or expression of opinion tends to shift attributions.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What is the relationship between attributions and historical events?
Q6) Explain how victim blaming is related to internal attributions.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Attitudes and Persuasion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the relationship between justification and cognitive dissonance and provide two examples.
Q2) After reaching an agreement through Craigslist for the cost of a piano, the seller says he "forgot" to add the cost of the bench and the price will be another $25. Amy agrees to pay the new price. What best explains what just happened
A) contrast
B) lowball technique
C) foot-in-the-door
D) door-in-the-face
Q3) Which of the following are apparent facts that are not firsthand knowledge, but gained from a trusted source
A) evaluative belief
B) attitude object
C) uni-valenced decisions
D) informational belief
Q4) Explain how uni-valenced decisions are related to heuristics, and discuss the implications of this for attitude formation.
Q5) List one aspect of a source variable and show its connection to persuasion.
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Chapter 7: Social Influence: Conformity, Social Roles, and Obedience
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Sample Questions
Q1) What term describes behaving in a particular way because someone of higher status has ordered you to do so
A) conformity
B) obedience
C) compliance
D) explicit expectation
Q2) In the Milgram studies, in which situation did "teachers" have the lowest levels of obedience
A) being in a different room than the "learner"
B) being in the same room with the "learner"
C) being the person to force the "learners" hand on the shock plate
D) watching two confederate "teachers" rebel
Q3) Discuss the methodological and ethical problems of the Stanford prison experiment. How might you investigate this topic in a better way?
Q4) Define obedience and provide one example that shows how obedience can be helpful and another example that shows how obedience can be harmful.
Q5) What is a cultural norm that persists even after group members are replaced with new people?
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Chapter 8: Group Processes
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Sample Questions
Q1) Among college students, how likely diffusion of responsibility happens when students get to grade one another
A) more likely
B) less likely
C) not at all likely
D) about the same
Q2) Paradoxically, you are less likely to get help in a large crowd than in a small one. The greater number of people makes which of the following more likely
A) social loafing
B) process loss
C) diffusion of responsibility
D) coordination loss
Q3) Some soldiers defected to the enemy side after having been captured as prisoners of war. This is an example of the sunken cost fallacy.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Roberta is closer to her office mate than the graduate student across the hall. Briefly explain why this is so.
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Chapter 9: Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination
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Sample Questions
Q1) Groups in which we are members are called ______.
A) ingroups
B) minimal group paradigm
C) outgroups
D) culture
Q2) Dennis feels frightened when in the presence of a group of young African American men. This is an example of ______.
A) stereotype
B) prejudice
C) discrimination
D) adaptive response
Q3) "Why can't we have a Straight Pride parade?" This statement is an example of ______.
A) benevolent prejudice
B) modern-symbolic prejudice
C) old-fashioned prejudice
D) ambivalent prejudice
Q4) Matt wore the school colors the day after the basketball team made it to the championship. What phenomenon is this an example of?
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Chapter 10: Helping Prosocial Behavior
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Q1) Dion backpacks all over the world, learning as much as she can about local culture at each stop. Dion is high in what
A) openness to experience
B) extroversion
C) neuroticism
D) agreeableness
Q2) What term refers to the evolution of prosocial trading of resources that strengthens the group
A) social norms
B) negative state relief
C) social exchange
D) evolutionary perspective
Q3) This statement is likely from someone high in agreeableness "I try to make sure that all my friends get along."
A)True
B)False
Q4) The commercial asking for donations to the relief fund showed images of starving and injured children. What type of helping is this most likely to inspire?
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Aggression
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Q1) Some people believe that women's relative equality in Swedish culture leads some men to feel threatened and feel the need to aggress toward women as a way of regaining power. This idea is called what
A) purposeful aggression
B) backlash
C) "crisis of masculinity"
D) culture of honor
Q2) When bison are threatened by wolves, they encircle the calves and face outward ready to trample the approaching wolves. Which best describes this behavior
A) fight
B) flight
C) freeze
D) tend and befriend
Q3) Which of the following is an example of direct, passive, verbal aggression
A) calling someone a stupid jerk
B) refusing to acknowledge someone's preferred name
C) telling a person's significant other that they are cheating
D) allowing an innocent person to be arrested when you could provide an alibi
Q4) What is a term for when human or animal behavior is determined by biology?
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Chapter 12: Intimate Relationships
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Q1) One theory as to why "average" faces appear more attractive to large numbers of people relates to which of the following
A) mere exposure
B) sexist tendencies
C) biological impulses
D) misattribution of arousal
Q2) The amount of time, effort, and physical resources needed for an individual to produce genetic involvement is known as ______.
A) fidelity
B) social norms
C) parental investment
D) paternal uncertainty
Q3) The proximity effect refers to the emotional similarity of two people.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe the derogation of alternatives.
Q5) There are some criticisms of the evolutionary perspective on attraction.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Social Psychology and a Sustainable Environment
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Q1) You are a social psychologist who is assessing the reliability and validity of an environmental research study's conclusion. In which way are you responding to the unique threat posed by multple threshold effects
A) evaluating scientific claim
B) prioritizing what environmental faucet needs fixing
C) persuading others that science has value
D) analyzing data regarding the extent of enviornmental damage
Q2) Which of the following is an example of a threshold effect
A) a steady level of rainfall over several decades
B) climate becomes increasingly erratic
C) a decease in rates of extinction
D) and increase in biodiversity
Q3) Which of the following accurately describes the Earth's thresholds
A) each of the Earth's many "compartments"
B) Earth's capacity for pollution, overcrowding, or other concerns
C) changes in Earth's subsystems due to environmental decay
D) Earth's ability to maintain steady rainfall and temperature
Q4) There are only psychological responses to noise.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Social Psychology of Law and the Courtroom
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Q1) The law and psychology have a well established, peaceful working relationship.
A)True
B)False
Q2) After the 9/11 terror attacks, interrogation guidelines became more strict to avoid the use of torture when questioning suspects.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A study of first-year college students found those that watched Law and Order had decreased ______.
A) rape myth acceptance
B) willingness to express sexual consent
C) intentions to seek sexual consent
D) intentions to refuse unwanted sexual activity
Q4) Very few cases actually go to trial.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Psychology can only react to and process ongoing events.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What is the relationship between presupposition and the construction hypothesis?
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Social Psychology of Stress and Health
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Q1) Which of the following was a departure from popular thought when it was first introduced
A) Yerkes-Dodson law
B) biomedical model of disease
C) biopsychosocial model of disease
D) general adaptation syndrome
Q2) Formative assessments are designed to ______.
A) help you improve
B) evaluate your success
C) persuade you to change
D) identify stressors
Q3) Which of the following provides a three-stage theory of how our bodies respond to stress
A) Yerkes-Dodson law
B) biomedical model of disease
C) biopsychosocial model of disease
D) general adaptation syndrome
Q4) What role do summative and formative assessment play in medical care?
Q5) Describe the buffering hypothesis and its effect on individuals experiencing stress.
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Chapter 16: Social Psychology and Happiness: Positive
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Q1) In which area was the first positive psychology experiment conducted
A) pop psychology
B) sports psychology
C) abnormal psychology
D) criminal psychology
Q2) Pop psychology is a specific, tested way to treat complex psychological challenges.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Positive psychology is a new approach to psychology.
A)True
B)False
Q4) There is a lot of overlap between sports psychology and positive psychology
A)True
B)False
Q5) Which of the following is true regarding life coaches
A) They often have extensive training.
B) They are required to have a medical license.
C) They comprise a controversial area of professional psychology.
D) They are well equipped to offer advice to people who are struggling.
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Chapter 17: Social Psychology and Behavioral
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Q1) What is the belief that lowering taxes can actually increase tax revenues
A) behavioral economics
B) prospect theory
C) supply side economics
D) game theory
Q2) What can the ultimatum game be used to research?
Q3) Which of the following describes how people make predictable mistakes when trying to weigh outcomes and probabilities
A) prospect theory
B) rational economic thinking
C) bounded rationality
D) irrational economic thinking
Q4) Which of the following describes the tendency for potential losses to be more psychologically influential that potential gains
A) loss aversion
B) prospect theory
C) bounded rationality
D) rational economic thinking
Q5) Create and describe your own example of the prisoner's dilemma.
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Chapter 18: Social Psychology and Relationship Violence
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Q1) The ______ phase is one in which one partner becomes increasingly upset.
A) explosion
B) tension-building
C) contrition
D) affective forecasting
Q2) Early research into relationship violence was drawn from ______, such as public records and divorce court proceedings.
A) observational data
B) self-report surveys
C) archival data
D) double-blind experiments
Q3) Some argue that the word "victim" should never be used because it connotes "helplessness and pity."
A)True
B)False
Q4) Justifying a violent partner's behavior is a form of minimization.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe faulty affective forecasting and its effects in victims experiencing relationship violence.
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Chapter 19: Social Psychology of Work:
Industrialorganizational Psychology
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Q1) Describe the relationship between Walter Dill Scott and General Joseph Kuhn. What wider trend in industrial/organizational psychology history did their relationship exemplify?
Q2) General Joseph Kuhn recommended implementing Walter Dill Scott's plans in the military.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Using psychological tests to determine the best use of workers lost popularity after WWII.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe the modern use of industrial/organizational psychology.
Q5) It is fairly common for I/O psychologists to provide therapy services for employees in the workplace.
A)True B)False
Q6) The purpose of performance appraisal is to punish employees for poor work.
A)True B)False
Q7) What is the purpose of a job analysis? Page 21
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Page 22
Chapter 20: Social Psychology of Volunteerism and Internships
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Q1) Volunteers and interns may be taken advantage of because they have little ______.
A) experience
B) money
C) flexibility
D) power
Q2) One study found that volunteers performing the same job as paid employees expressed higher levels of satisfaction due to which of the following
A) altruistic tendencies
B) egoistic tendencies
C) receipt of praise
D) social interactions
Q3) Which of the following refers to engaging in planned prosocial behavior
A) agreeableness
B) extraversion
C) path analysis
D) volunteerism
Q4) What would be the advantages and disadvantages to creating standardized regulation of appropriate internships?
Page 23
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Chapter 21: Social Psychology and Personal Finance
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Sample Questions
Q1) The pain of losing is psychologically more powerful than the pleasure of gaining.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following refers to a tendency to overbid an item in a socially competitive environment?
A) neural circuitry of reward
B) auction fever
C) mere ownership effect
D) endowment effect
Q3) Mental accounting systems rely on reference points.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Opportunity costs is the cost of not seeking an opportunity.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe how loss aversion may affect one's ability to make financial decisions.
Q6) What role does opportunity of costs play in merchandiser's use of reference prices and discounts?
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Chapter 22: Social Psychology and Forgiveness
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Q1) Which of the following refers to a replacement of negative feelings with positive, other-oriented feelings?
A) decisional forgiveness
B) emotional forgiveness
C) hostility
D) reconciliation
Q2) Describe the four elements of the tit-for-tat strategy and note its relationship to the two different types of orientations in romantic relationships.
Q3) Forgiveness refers to a public action.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Research has shown that exchange orientation is not better or worse than communal orientation with regard to successful relationships.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Why is To Kill A Mockingbird considered by some to be a scientific approach to forgiveness and reconciliation?
Q6) Describe the differences between reconciliation and forgiveness.
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