Psychology of Criminal Behaviour Practice
Questions
Course Introduction
Psychology of Criminal Behaviour explores the psychological factors and theories underlying criminal actions and antisocial conduct. The course examines the interplay of biological, cognitive, and social influences that contribute to the development of criminal behavior, applying concepts such as personality disorders, mental illness, aggression, and moral reasoning. Students analyze case studies to understand risk factors, motivational drives, and patterns of offending, as well as the impact of environment, upbringing, and peer interactions. The course also discusses criminal profiling, the assessment of dangerousness, psychological interventions, and the role of psychologists within the criminal justice system, fostering a deeper understanding of both individual and societal elements in criminality.
Recommended Textbook
Psychology of Criminal Behaviour A Canadian Perspective 2nd Edition by Shelley Brown
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14 Chapters
529 Verified Questions
529 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Crime in Canada Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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47 Verified Questions
47 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) To address Canadian concerns regarding criminal responsibility,what essential element is included in the textbook definition of criminal behaviour taken from Bartol and Bartol (2008)?
A)intent
B)cultural norms
C)distal causes
D)proximal causes
Answer: A
Q2) The majority of crimes reflect ordinary individuals dealing with ordinary problems.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Approximately 5 million crimes are reported annually in Canada.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Biological and Evolutionary Explanations
Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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37 Verified Questions
37 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hormone production and distribution are regulated in the human body by which system?
A)endocrine
B)autonomic
C)parasympathetic
D)fluid
Answer: A
Q2) Selection pressures are adaptive problems that those in our ancestral environment had to solve to survive,such as finding a mate,hunting and gathering,and protecting their children.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Environments such as positive parenting can reverse the negative effects of fetal and birth complications on antisocial behaviour.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Learning and Environment Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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42 Verified Questions
42 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) How does Sutherland propose that criminal behaviour develops?
Answer: Sutherland discounted "internal" causes of crime,such as those suggested in psychodynamic theories like the Gluecks',and believed instead that crime could be explained by learning in social contexts through interaction and communication.In particular,Sutherland proposed that the nature of one's conduct,including the likelihood of committing crime,is influenced by the norms present in the particular groups to which one belongs; norms that can include attitudes toward the law and its violation.According to differential association theory,it is the balance between contact with prosocial attitudes on the one hand and antisocial attitudes on the other that influence behaviour.
Q2) According to Gottfredson and Hirschi's "general theory of crime",crime is an inevitable consequence for those who lack self-control.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) According to psychoanalytic theory,the id is governed by the reality principle.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: Canadian Corrections in Practice Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a type of deterrence strategy called "punishing smarter",such as boot camps,electronic surveillance,etc.,the following has been found to be true.
A)these types of programs generally work well for female offenders
B)these types of programs generally work for most offender populations
C)intensive supervision reduces crime significantly,regardless of rehabilitation focus
D)only fines and restitution decrease criminal recidivism,albeit very slightly
Q2) A major tenet of restorative justice is that:
A)crime is a wound,justice should be healing
B)crime is a wrong,justice should be full punishment
C)crime is inevitable,justice should be as strong as possible
D)crime is rare,justice should be gentle
Q3) Social and political confidence in offender rehabilitation in Canada is very high.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe the four generations of risk assessments as proposed by Bonta (1996).
Q5) Explain the major themes of retribution,incapacitation,and deterrence.
Q6) Outline the five types of restorative justice approaches..
Q7) Describe the Conceptual Model of Offender Transition.
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Chapter 5: Adolescent Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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43 Verified Questions
43 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the term "resiliency" as it relates to adolescent offending.
Q2) In keeping with the coercive family process model,a female who witnessed her mothers' aggressive behaviour toward partners was significantly less aggressive toward friends than average.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Patterson's (1982) coercive family process model,where aggressive behaviour is imitated,is consistent with which theory of adolescent offending?
A)coercion theory
B)cognitive theory
C)biological theory
D)social learning theory
Q4) In Canada,the largest proportion of youth gangs is Caucasian.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What community influences are factors in adolescent offending?
Q6) Identify and explain the three main objectives of the Youth Criminal Justice Act.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Economically Motivated Offenders Psychology
of Criminal Behaviour
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38 Verified Questions
38 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Men who engage in the use of prostitution are a uniform group with similar backgrounds and motivations for seeking to purchase sexual services.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Compared with controls,convicted white-collar criminals tend to:
A)be more hedonistic and narcissistic,and have less self-control
B)less hedonistic and conscientious,with less self-control
C)have lower integrity,be less conscientious but have more self-control
D)have equal likelihood of giving in to temptation,but are hedonistic by nature
Q3) Research into the differences between convicted white-collar crime offenders and controls indicates that white-collar criminals were more hedonistic and conscientious.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The Criminal Code of Canada divides fraud into two categories: fraud under $1000 and fraud over $1000.
A)True
B)False
Q5) List and define five types of economic crime.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Substance Abusing Offenders Psychology of
Criminal Behaviour
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33 Verified Questions
33 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) provides standardized assessments of offenders using an assessment called the:
A)Standardized Substance Abuse Risk Guide (SSARG)
B)Canadian Correctional Drug Use Assessment (CCDUA)
C)Substance Use Assessment Guide (SUAG)
D)Computerized Assessment of Substance Abuse (CASA)
Q2) Evidence from twin and adoption studies have consistently shown that:
A)environment plays a moderate to strong role in explaining substance use
B)genetics play a moderate to strong role in explaining substance use
C)parental upbringing is the strongest predictor of substance use
D)genetics do not contribute at all to substance use
Q3) Describe the two objectives of drug treatment courts,what offenders who participate in these courts do in the program,and whether or not the program is successful.
Q4) All of the following are objectives of substance abuse assessment among offenders,except:
A)generate information to be used at parole board hearings
B)determine if a more comprehensive assessment is required
C)help motivate clients to enter into a treatment program
D)help evaluate treatment process and change outcomes
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Chapter 8: Violent Offending Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Common characteristics associated with higher rates of violent victimization are:
A)being older,being married,being Caucasian,and living in rural areas.
B)being young,being married,being Black,and living in suburban areas
C)being older,being single,being Aboriginal and living in suburban areas.
D)being young,being single,being Aboriginal,and living in cities.
Q2) Outline the four types of homicide identified in the Canadian Criminal Code.
Q3) Explain violent recidivism rates in Canada.
Q4) The Violence Risk Appraisal Guide (VRAG) employs an unstructured clinical judgment approach to risk assessment.
A)True B)False
Q5) Violent crime overall has increased in Canada over the last few decades. A)True B)False
Q6) Explain the four key approaches to assessing risk of recidivism for violent offenders.
Q7) Identify and briefly describe the three violence risk assessment tools outlined in the text.
Page 10
Q8) Describe the offence characteristics of violence in Canada.
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Chapter 9: Intimate Partner Violence Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The dysphoric-borderline batterer type is characterized by:
A)Moderate to severe levels of intimate violence,is violent outside the home,has antisocial features,and a dismissive attachment style
B)Moderate to severe levels of intimate violence,high rates of mood disorders and preoccupied attachment style,and features such as instability,jealousy and fear of rejection
C)low levels of intimate violence,infrequently violent outside the home,does not show psychopathology,has few risk factors,and aggression is triggered by stress
D)low levels of intimate violence,high rates of mood disorders,aggression is triggered by stress,and poor relationship skills
Q2) What triggers a man to engage in physical violence and why is this important in understanding intimate partner violence?
Q3) Explain how "intimate partner violence" is defined and describe the different types of abuse that exist.
Q4) Discuss how gender bias in intimate violence is expressed by the police,courts,and treatment professionals.
Q5) What factors does the textbook say keep women in abusive relationships?
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Chapter 10: Mentally Disordered Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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37 Verified Questions
37 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research on risk assessments of mentally disordered offenders (MDOs) indicates that:
A)serious mental health indicators protect against violent recidivism while the Central Eight factors increase risk of recidivism
B)serious mental health indicators increase risk for violence recidivism while the Central Eight factors protect against violent recidivism
C)both serious mental health indicators and the Central Eight factors increase risk for violent recidivism
D)both serious mental health indicators and the Central Eight factors protect against violent recidivism
Q2) From the textbook,describe the situations that highlight why the criminal justice system "cares" about the issue of mental disorder:
Q3) The question,"How often have you felt that your mind was dominated by forces beyond your control?" pertains to the "threat/control override" symptom.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Discuss the concept of mens rea.
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Chapter 11: Psychopathic Offenders Psychology of Criminal
Behaviour
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34 Verified Questions
34 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A limitation of using neuroimaging procedures to understand psychopathy is:
A)the techniques used to map brain areas are not very precise
B)it promotes the idea that a psychopath's behaviour can never change if it is biologically based
C)psychopaths are able to regulate their brain activity during such procedures if they wish to fool the assessor
D)decreased activation in individual brain areas cannot be automatically associated with abnormal brain function
Q2) There are specific measures used to assess psychopathy in youth that are distinct from the ones used with adults.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The consistent finding in the role of genetics and psychopathy is:
A)there is a very strong genetic influence
B)there is a weak genetic influence
C)there is no genetic influence
D)there is a moderate to strong genetic influence
Q4) Discuss the genetic and neurological basis of psychopathy.
Q5) What is the association between psychopathy and recidivism?
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Chapter 12: Sexual Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) All paraphilic disorders involve illegal behaviour.
A)True
B)False
Q2) According to the police-reported (UCR) in 2013,with the exception of child pornography,since 2003:
A)there has been an increase in sex offending in Canada
B)there has been a decrease in sex offending in Canada
C)the majority of assaults were sexual attacks
D)all age groups were at risk for sexual victimization
Q3) If the treatment to reduce deviant sexual interests includes presenting the person with deviant stimuli such as picture of children while an unpleasant odour or ammonia is inhaled the treatment approach is:
A)behavioural treatment
B)cognitive-behavioural therapy
C)pharmacological therapy
D)anti-androgen therapy
Q4) Describe the Static-99,a risk assessment instrument used to predict sexual offence recidivism.
Q5) According to the DSM-5,what is pedophilia?
Q6) Explain why it is important to consider dynamic risk factors for sex offending. Page 14
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Page 15
Chapter 13: Female Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are responsible for designing a treatment program for youthful female offenders.Based on Dowden and Andrews (1999) study,you would be best to focus on A)no treatment at all
B)empowerment training
C)programs based on the general responsivity principle
D)a program that does not adhere to any particular treatment principle
Q2) Women are likely to be already involved in crime before becoming involved in substance abuse,whereas males are more likely to be involved in substance abuse prior to becoming involved in crime.
A)True
B)False
Q3) All of the following are major criticisms of early research on female offenders except: A)many studies focused on risk factors outside of a female's control
B)it was sexist and inappropriately focused on female sexuality,biology,and psychology
C)many theories ignored female offenders entirely
D)many researchers assumed that research on male offenders would apply to female offenders without studying females
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Page 16
Chapter 14: Aboriginal Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Aboriginal treatment programs,a healing lodge is mainly used to detoxify offenders from the effects of drugs and alcohol
A)True
B)False
Q2) As a result of colonization policies,there
A)has been a consistent effort by the government to maintain Aboriginal culture
B)was a concerted effort to eradicate Aboriginal culture
C)was an unintentional tendency to marginalize Aboriginals from mainstream culture
D)has been a massive effort to undo all damage caused by past actions
Q3) Discuss the possible role of fetal alcohol syndrome in Aboriginal offending.
Q4) Outline the childhood risk factors associated higher rates of Aboriginal offending.
Q5) Bill C-41,section 718.2(e),introduced by Parliament in 1996,has changed:
A)sentencing practices for Aboriginal offenders
B)policing policies for First Nations communities
C)the types of crimes that people of Aboriginal heritage can be charged with
D)the levels of secure custody that can be used with people of Aboriginal heritage
Q6) Discuss the success rates of Aboriginal-specific treatment programs.
Page 17
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