Psychology of Childhood and Adolescence Exam Review
Course Introduction
This course explores the psychological development of children and adolescents from birth through late adolescence, examining the interplay of biological, cognitive, emotional, and social factors that shape growth and behavior during these critical periods. Topics include developmental theories, attachment, identity formation, family and peer influences, cognitive and language development, moral reasoning, and challenges such as stress, trauma, and psychopathology. The course also considers cultural and societal factors that impact development and discusses contemporary research findings relevant to education, parenting, and adolescent mental health.
Recommended Textbook
The Development of Children and Adolescents 1st Edition by Penny Hauser Cram
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16 Chapters
1577 Verified Questions
1577 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Hauser-Cram
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75149
Sample Questions
Q1) In the United States,what approach do many parents take in order to understand a child's disability?
A) religious
B) scientific
C) supernatural
D) familial
Answer: B
Q2) Choose the answer that is true regarding the major domains of development.
A) Each period has separate domains.
B) The domains are separate and unique.
C) They are broadly divided into physical, cognitive, and psychosocial.
D) Psychosocial has little relevance to the others.
Answer: C
Q3) Freud's patients consisted of
A) the lower-class members of Viennese society.
B) the middle-class members of Viennese society.
C) the upper-class members of Viennese society.
D) members of each tier of Viennese society.
Answer: C
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Biological Foundations of Child Development
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The incidence of Down syndrome increases with A) the number of alcoholic drinks the mother has while pregnant.
B) exposure to smoking.
C) maternal age.
D) number of deformed sperm.
Answer: C
Q2) Which sex chromosome carries more genes?
A) male
B) female
C) Both are the same.
D) No one knows for sure.
Answer: B
Q3) Intelligence has a heritability estimate of
A) 0.1
B) 0.05.
C) 0.09.
D) 0.5.
Answer: D
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4
Chapter 3: Prenatal Development
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97 Verified Questions
97 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which drug will cause the baby to go through withdrawal both in the womb and after birth?
A) heroin
B) cocaine
C) alcohol
D) nicotine
Answer: A
Q2) One reason for the dramatic increase in multiple births is
A) the increase in STDs.
B) more women delaying childbirth until their 30s.
C) cost increase of IVF.
D) less risk than there used to be.
Answer: B
Q3) IVF babies are more likely to be premature than naturally conceived babies.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Birth and the Newborn
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98 Verified Questions
98 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Alex and Sarah want to ensure a plan is in place before Sarah gives birth,in order to inform health care professionals of their wishes and to ensure a safe delivery for Sarah.How can they make sure that the health care professionals get this information in the most efficient manner possible?
A) Provide them with a written birth plan.
B) Meet one on one with each doctor and nurse prior to the delivery.
C) Arrive an hour early to the delivery.
D) Tell the doctor during the delivery what Sarah wants.
Q2) Identify four complications that premature infants may experience.
Q3) The newborn period is the same as the neonatal period.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Colostrums consist of A) enzymes.
B) anti-infective agents.
C) hormones.
D) all of these.
Q5) Discuss why 96% of low birthweight occurs in the developing world.Then,discuss what some countries in South America,Asia,and sub-Saharan Africa are doing to combat low birthweight.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Physical Development and Health in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) ___________ is/are the leading cause of death for children aged 1 year or older.
A) Falls
B) Car wrecks
C) Child abuse
D) SIDS
Q2) Physical growth proceeds from head to toe.This is known as ______________.
A) proximodistal
B) cephalocaudal
C) differentiation
D) asynchrony
Q3) Gifted children can be enrolled in early intervention programs if their parents want to optimize their education.
A)True
B)False
Q4) _____________ is a type of malnutrition that stems from a lack of protein in the diet.
A) Kwashiorkor
B) Marasmus
C) Deprivation
D) Extreme malnutrition
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Chapter 6: Cognitive Development in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
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99 Verified Questions
99 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Donnie's mom didn't finish high school and works for minimum wage.Ty's Mom has a PhD and earns $80,000 per year.Which child is likely to have the highest academic achievement?
A) Donnie
B) Ty
C) Both the same, maternal education and income being irrelevant
D) Can't predict
Q2) If you have trouble being able to understand what is being said to you and there is nothing wrong with your hearing,what area of the brain may be implicated?
A) Broca's area
B) Wernicke's area
C) right hemisphere
D) parietal lobe
Q3) The Bayley Scale of Infant Development is useful in identifying an infant's current development.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Discuss what can be done to prevent disparities from negatively affecting a child's cognitive and academic development.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Psychosocial Development in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The first stage in Erikson's theory is
A) Autonomy versus Shame.
B) Trust versus Mistrust.
C) autonomy versus Shame.
D) Initiative versus Guilt.
Q2) Erikson's theory is based on eight major ______________ that must be resolved.
A) crises
B) mind-body conflict
C) attachments
D) emotional constructions
Q3) The quality of early childhood attachment can impact the grown child's choice of a mate.
A)True
B)False
Q4) ___________ refers to the two-way emotional access parents and children have to each other.
A) Emotional availability
B) Emotional regulation
C) Emotional access
D) Emotional bidirectionality
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Chapter 8: Physical Development and Health in Early Childhood
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) During early childhood,children gain about _______pounds per year and _______ inches to their height.
A) 8; 1 to 2
B) 8; 3 to 4
C) 5; 2 to 3
D) 5; 5 to 6
Q2) Who is most likely to suffer from undernutrition?
A) Bob, who lives in Kansas
B) Juan, who lives in Mexico
C) Karoliina, who lives in Finland
D) La-a, who lives in the Sudan.
Q3) Plasticity is
A) the ability of young brains to neurally rewire.
B) the consistency of a child's brain.
C) the elasticity of the skin.
D) a new form of play-dough.
Q4) All special needs are apparent right after birth.
A)True
B)False
10
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Chapter 9: Cognitive Development in Early Childhood
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99 Verified Questions
99 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Five-year-old Billy is working on the "3 Mountain Problem." When he is asked to point to the picture that shows what the doll can see,he will most likely
A) choose the correct picture and explain why he chose it.
B) choose the one that shows what he is looking at.
C) choose the correct picture but not be able to explain why.
D) know the correct one is different from his but not know which one to pick.
Q2) Vygotsky theorized that self-talk results from A) inner speech.
B) reflection.
C) introspection.
D) social speech.
Q3) Socialized speech differs from egocentric speech in that A) it is more verbose.
B) it takes others' perspectives into account.
C) it occurs in adulthood.
D) it occurs in the sensorimotor stage.
Q4) Discuss how conservation of number impacts more complex math skills.
Q5) The encoding of information occurs in your working memory.
A)True
B)False
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Psychosocial Development in Early Childhood
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98 Verified Questions
98 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most children report having a "best friend" by age
A) 3.
B) 5.
C) 7.
D) 9.
Q2) "Hot" executive functions
A) control self-regulation during cognitive tasks.
B) are the emotional "know" system.
C) regulate temper.
D) promote self-regulation during reaction to events and feelings.
Q3) The effects of childhood maltreatment
A) are quickly forgotten.
B) are lifelong.
C) are negligible .
D) lead to more abuse.
Q4) If 4-year-old Stevie was asked to describe himself,he would most likely say:
A) I am not good at baseball because Sam is better.
B) I can climb higher than I did last year.
C) I am empathetic.
D) I have blue eyes and I can run fast.
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Chapter 11: Physical Development and Health in Middle Childhood
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88 Verified Questions
88 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75159
Sample Questions
Q1) Human papillomavirus A virus is spread through _____________.
A) feces
B) sexual activity
C) saliva
D) sneezes
Q2) Besides diabetes,high blood pressure,and heart disease,another serious consequence of childhood obesity is __________________.
A) chronic changes in the metabolism and immune system
B) liver disease and scabies
C) social skill deficits
D) kidney disease and scurvy
Q3) Children should be allowed to play when injured in sports,and should be taught to work through the pain.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD ) is considered a chronic health condition of childhood.
A)True
B)False
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood
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99 Verified Questions
99 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Upon reaching middle childhood,children learn close to ___ new words a day.
A) 10
B) 20
C) 30
D) 40 Knowledge,
Q2) Binet's test was created to
A) label children's innate abilities.
B) devise a method for identifying children whose lack of success in the typical classroom setting suggested the need for special education.
C) assess the quality of education of Parisian society.
D) enhance Binet's hypothesis that children should be able to complete identified tasks by a certain age.
Q3) Two jars of water are placed on a table.One jar is poured into a taller but slimmer jar so that the liquid reaches a higher level.According to Piaget,children at the _____ level will know that the contents of both jars remain equal.
A) preoperational.
B) concrete operational
C) sensorimotor
D) formal operational
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Psychosocial Development in Middle Childhood
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Children are more likely to express _____________ aggression than any other type during middle childhood.
A) hostile
B) instrumental
C) verbal
D) psychological
Q2) In middle childhood why do children act prosocially?
A) to avoid punishment
B) because of an internalized moral code
C) to get a reward
D) some of both A and B
Q3) In middle childhood,a child sees fairness as ___________.
A) everyone getting the same things
B) everyone being alike
C) based on the one who wants it the most
D) based on merit or need
Q4) Discuss ways adults can help children to develop their moral reasoning.
Q5) All states now require parents to attend post-divorce parenting classes.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Physical Development and Health in Adolescence
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75162
Sample Questions
Q1) PMS is thought to be ____________.
A) a mental condition
B) due to a fluctuating level of hormones
C) dependent on genetics
D) over by the age of 21
Q2) Discuss the reasons why motor vehicles are such a high cause of injury for teens and present some ideas on what can be done to prevent accidents.
Q3) Management of a teen's chronic illness should be managed by _________.
A) the individual
B) the parents
C) the medical professionals
D) All of these
Q4) Jack has just noticed hair appearing in his armpits.This is known as __________.
A) primary sexual characteristics
B) secondary sexual characteristics
C) menarche
D) adrenarche
Q5) Discuss the role of parents in managing a teen's diabetes.
Page 16
Q6) Discuss the benefits and problems inherent in women's sports; include " warrior girl ethos."
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Page 17
Chapter 15: Cognitive Development in Adolescence
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92 Verified Questions
92 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Teens use more of their brains but less efficiently than do adults.The way a teen's brain activates is called ___________.
A)haphazard
B)myelination
C)functional connectivity
D)cortical connectivity
Q2) Girls read better than boys,in part,because girls___________.
A)are smarter
B)mature earlier
C)use more reading strategies
D)have more cones in their eyes
Q3) Training tutors to use a structured approach and ask certain types of questions helps the ______________ the most.
A)tutee
B)tutor
C)both the tutee and the tutor
D)neither.It should be individualized.
Q4) Girls have more equal distribution of gray matter over both brain hemispheres.
A)True
B)False
Page 18
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Chapter 16: Psychosocial Development in Adolescence
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98 Verified Questions
98 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identity is comprised of multiple parts.
A)True
B)False
Q2) One's identity is comprised of A) race.
B) ethnicity.
C) sexual identity
D) All of these.
Q3) Desiring to lose weight _______ places an individual at risk of developing an eating disorder.
A) immediately B) over time
C) soon
D) in the future
Q4) The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act
A) differentiated between status offenders and other offenders.
B) separates adult from juvenile offenders.
C) Both A and B.
D) None of these.
Q5) Identify the gender differences in friendships.
Page 19
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