Psychology of Childhood and Adolescence Exam Practice Tests
Course Introduction
This course explores the key psychological principles and theories related to the development of children and adolescents. It examines cognitive, emotional, social, and moral development from infancy through adolescence, highlighting the influences of biology, family, peers, culture, and environment. Students will analyze developmental milestones, individual differences, and common challenges faced during this period, such as identity formation, emotional regulation, and behavioral issues. The course also considers the impact of contemporary issues, including media and technology, on youth development, and reviews strategies for supporting healthy psychological growth during these critical life stages.
Recommended Textbook
Development Infancy Through Adolescence 1st Edition by Laurence Steinberg
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15 Chapters
1667 Verified Questions
1667 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: The Study of Child Development
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117 Verified Questions
117 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/63312
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is not one of the defining characteristics of development?
A)It helps an individual to adapt to the environment.
B)It proceeds from relatively simple forms to forms of greater complexity.
C)It is entirely dependent on genetics.
D)It is relatively enduring.
Answer: C
Q2) A prediction which can be tested scientifically is called
A)a theory.
B)a hypothesis.
C)a construct.
D)a replication.
Answer: B
Q3) A major advantage of the case study method is that it permits
A)simple replication by other researchers.
B)specific investigations of the causes of things.
C)improvisation based on the researcher's specific situation.
D)inexpensive study of large,representative populations.
Answer: C
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3
Chapter 2: Nature With Nurture
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111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Studies that seek to find out the relative influences of genetics and the environment on development are called
A)nature studies.
B)nurture studies.
C)heritability studies.
D)genetic expression studies.
Answer: C
Q2) _____ are primitive,undifferentiated cells that can become any sort of cell in the body.
A)Stem cells
B)Sperm cells
C)Egg cells
D)Lymphocytes
Answer: A
Q3) Genes are arranged on long strands called
A)platelets.
B)base pairs.
C)chromosomes.
D)regulators.
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Conception,prenatal Development,and Birth
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111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons has been linked to _____ in children.
A)facial deformities
B)lowered levels of psychomotor development
C)withdrawal symptoms
D)low birth weight
Answer: B
Q2) Some chromosomal abnormalities are the result of errors during the process of A)meiosis.
B)mitosis.
C)habituation.
D)genetic determinism.
Answer: A
Q3) Because they have been unable to conceive a child for over a year,Tammy and L.J.have decided to try in vitro fertilization.This means that
A)their doctor will inject some of L.J.'s sperm into Tammy's uterus.
B)their doctor will mix L.J.'s sperm and Tammy's ova in a laboratory dish.
C)their doctor will ask them to find a male friend to impregnate Tammy.
D)they will adopt a zygote from their local fertility clinic.
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Physical Development in Infancy
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110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A condition in which the autoimmune system strips neurons of myelin is called
A)multiple sclerosis.
B)diffusion.
C)Parkinson's disease.
D)melanoma.
Q2) The sequence of development of the brain during the embryonic stage of development is
A)first the subcortical structures,then the limbic system,finally the cortex.
B)first the cortex,next the limbic system,finally the subcortical structures.
C)first the limbic system,next the subcortical structures,finally the cortex.
D)first the subcortical structures,next the cortex,finally the limbic system.
Q3) When Derek talks to baby Chloe,he unconsciously uses infant-directed speech.This means that
A)he is careful to talk straight to Chloe,not off to the side or away from her.
B)he makes sure that Chloe is looking at him before he says anything.
C)he uses "baby talk," substituting words such as "ba-ba" for "bottle" and "moo-moo" for "milk."
D)he speaks in a clear rhythm,exaggerates tones,and uses very simple grammar.
Q4) Explain the concept of plasticity.Give examples to illustrate the plasticity of the brain.
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Chapter 5: Cognitive Development in Infancy
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Shmuel asks 9-month-old Tavi to give him the teddy bear.Little Tavi smiles and hands it to him.Tavi is showing
A)language production.
B)language comprehension.
C)language accommodation.
D)language heritability.
Q2) The first words most children learn are
A)verbs.
B)adverbs.
C)nouns.
D)adjectives.
Q3) Whenever little Zbigniew drops his spoon,it falls to the floor.When he drops his cup,it also falls to the floor.This makes sense to him,so he can _____ the information that objects fall when dropped.
A)assimilate
B)accommodate
C)habituate
D)defenestrate
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Chapter 6: Socioemotional Development in Infancy
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121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following would be the last emotion to be expressed by infants?
A)Anger
B)Guilt
C)Fear
D)Joy
Q2) The NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (2005,2006)found that children in non-maternal child care
A)displayed greater percentages of insecure-ambivalent attachment styles.
B)displayed greater percentages of insecure-resistant attachment styles.
C)displayed greater percentages of secure attachment styles.
D)seemed to display the same percentages of attachment styles as other children.
Q3) _____ babies tend to have trouble mastering self-recognition and role-taking.
A)Easy
B)Difficult
C)Inhibited
D)Melancholic
Q4) List the order in which infants' primary and secondary emotions typically develop,and describe how these emotions are expressed.Explain why these emotions seem to appear in this order.
Q5) Explain the evolutionary advantages of a secure parent-child attachment.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Physical Development in Early Childhood
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/63300
Sample Questions
Q1) Kenji is trying to figure out where a particular puzzle piece belongs.This information is generally processed in his brain's A)prefrontal cortex.
B)right hemisphere.
C)left hemisphere.
D)occipital lobe.
Q2) The junction where two neurons meet to exchange information is the A)dendrite. B)axon.
C)synapse.
D)cell body.
Q3) Approximately _____ of preschoolers are picky eaters.
A)18-29%
B)28-39%
C)38-49%
D)48-59%
Q4) Explain how children's temperaments and attachment styles affect their ability to handle stress.
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Chapter 8: Cognitive Development in Early Childhood
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/63299
Sample Questions
Q1) Four-year-old Kendra has tied a cloth around her waist and is "cooking" with her toy blocks and workbench,just like her Dad does every day in the kitchen.Kendra is engaging in
A)object permanence.
B)pretend play.
C)combinational logiC.
D)a conservation task.
Q2) Playing turn-taking games in infancy is one way to teach your child about the _____ of language.
A)morphology
B)semantics
C)pragmatics
D)grammar
Q3) _____ allows children to get a basic sense of a word's meaning after only a few instances.
A)Deferred imitation
B)Inner speech
C)Fast mapping
D)A theory of mind
Q4) Explain how adults can encourage the development of literacy in children.
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Chapter 9: Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/63298
Sample Questions
Q1) Boys inherit _____ sex chromosomes from their parents.
A)XX
B)YY
C)XY
D)XYY
Q2) Parents who do not give their children very much warmth or acceptance,and who don't bother to set or enforce rules are called _____ parents.
A)authoritative
B)authoritarian
C)permissive
D)disengaged
Q3) Western European and American parents tend to emphasize
A)individual development.
B)social harmony.
C)interdependence.
D)highly restricted emotional displays.
Q4) Discuss Erikson's normative crisis of initiative vs.guilt as an explanation for the development of prosocial or aggressive behavior in preschool children.
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Chapter 10: Physical Development in Middle Childhood
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/63311
Sample Questions
Q1) On average,girls tend to show early signs of puberty approximately _____ months before boys.
A)3
B)6
C)12
D)24
Q2) The best sleep schedule for most young children is
A)early to bed,early to rise.
B)late to bed,early to rise.
C)late to bed,late to rise.
D)any time to bed,as long as it's the same every night.
Q3) Type-2 diabetes is becoming more common in school-age American children because
A)there are more genetic anomalies caused by industrialization.
B)rates of infection by antibiotic-resistant bacteria are rising.
C)sugar has been replaced by high-fructose corn syrup in most foods.
D)more children are becoming obese.
Q4) Describe the factors that contribute to childhood obesity,and discuss steps that might be taken to negate or minimize them.
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Chapter 11: Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/63310
Sample Questions
Q1) The _____ approach for teaching children to read emphasizes learning to understand words based on their context in speech or on a page.
A)phonics
B)whole language
C)decoding
D)code switching
Q2) Researchers who study gender differences in children's understanding of mathematics have found that
A)girls get better grades and do better on standardized tests than boys.
B)girls get better grades,but do worse on standardized tests than boys.
C)girls get worse grades,but do better on standardized tests than boys.
D)girls get worse grades and do worse on standardized tests than boys.
Q3) Working memory is often tested using the _____ task.
A)cross-out
B)Deese-Roediger-McDermott
C)digit span
D)visual matching
Q4) Describe the different memory strategies you might teach children to help them improve both their short-term and long-term memories.
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Chapter 12: Socioemotional Development in Middle Childhood
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110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/63309
Sample Questions
Q1) Although Abayomi is the star of her school's chess team,her parents don't think that's an appropriate activity for girls,so they criticize her for being on the team and not doing "real" girl things.Erik Erikson would warn that Abayomi's parents may be giving her a strong sense of A)shame.
B)stagnation.
C)inferiority.
D)guilt.
Q2) Studies have shown that school-age children are generally
A)too heavily scheduled in organized activities.
B)spending over 25-30 hours per week in organized activities.
C)spending nearly half of their free time watching television and playing.
D)stressed or depressed by their organized activities.
Q3) Children whose parents are sometimes in conflict
A)compensate by doing better in school.
B)are happier,as their parents are too busy with each other to bother the children.
C)may learn to model their parents' negotiating skills.
D)become bullies.
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Chapter 13: Physical Development in Adolescence
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The _______ is a part of the brain which is involved in the HPG axis.
A)hippocampus
B)hypergasia
C)hypoxia
D)hypothalamus
Q2) When an adolescent regularly uses pleasure-enhancing drugs
A)the brain immediately produces more dopamine.
B)the brain produces less dopamine at the time,but returns to normal production each time the drug wears off.
C)the brain permanently resets its production of dopamine to a lower level.
D)there is no effect on dopamine production.
Q3) Adolescent emotionality is
A)linked to changes in the brain.
B)caused entirely by hormonal changes in the body.
C)stressful enough to damage most adolescents' family relationships.
D)most intense at the end of adolescence.
Q4) Explain why many sexually active adolescents do not use contraceptives.How might you counteract this behavior?
Q5) Explain the psychosocial outcomes for early-maturing girls and boys.
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Chapter 14: Cognitive Development in Adolescence
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The school environment _____ in ensuring students' academic success.
A)is the single biggest factor
B)is less important than their parents' values
C)is unlikely to have a major impact
D)is irrelevant
Q2) An adolescent's idea that she is unique,and that no one else has ever had the same thoughts or feelings that she does is called
A)imaginary audience.
B)personal fable.
C)mutual role-taking.
D)social cognition.
Q3) Cognitive scientists have shown that an individual's ability to control emotions while making logical decisions
A)increases steadily across the life-span.
B)increases until a person is in her mid-20s.
C)increases until the end of adolescence,then begins to decay.
D)is well developed by mid-adolescence.
Q4) Explain how changes in adolescents' cognitive abilities affect their relationships with their parents and peers.
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Chapter 15: Socioemotional Development in Adolescence
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108 Verified Questions
108 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/63306
Sample Questions
Q1) In general,adolescent boys' friendships _____ than those of adolescent girls.
A)have higher degrees of intimacy
B)are more sensitive to concerns about rejection
C)are more fragile
D)last longer
Q2) Before puberty,_____ are more likely to become depressed.In adolescence,_____ are more likely to become depressed.
A)boys;boys
B)boys;girls
C)girls;boys
D)girls;girls
Q3) Li's parents are Chinese Americans with a strong sense of their cultural heritage.In contrast,Li buys all of the latest fashions from Abercrombie & Fitch,listens to the newest songs on her iPod,and spends her time hanging out with the popular girls at school.Li deals with her ethnic identity through
A)assimilation.
B)marginality.
C)separation.
D)biculturalism.
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