Course Introduction
Psychology of Aging Test Preparation
Psychology of Aging examines the biological, psychological, and social aspects of aging, focusing on how people change and adapt throughout later life. The course explores cognitive, emotional, and personality development in older adulthood, along with common age-related challenges such as memory decline, mental health issues, and changing social roles. Students will analyze theories of aging, factors that contribute to successful aging, and interventions that support well-being in later years. The course also addresses societal views on aging and implications for policy, caregiving, and lifelong learning.
Recommended Textbook
Essentials of Life Span Development 1st Edition by John W. Santrock
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17 Chapters
2063 Verified Questions
2063 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction
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185 Verified Questions
185 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ling-Chi is trying to make sense of her world.The two processes she uses to do this are __________ and __________.
A) assimilation; organization
B) adaptation; cognition
C) memory; accommodation
D) organization; adaptation
Answer: D
Q2) List five of the seven characteristics of the life-span perspective discussed by Paul Baltes.
Answer: Lifelong Multidimensional Multidirectional Plastic Multidisciplinary Contextual Involves growth,maintenance,and regulation Development is a co-construction of biology,culture,and the individual.
Q3) A government's course of action designed to promote the welfare of its citizens. Answer: social policy
Q4) A way of conceptualizing age by which age is characterized by physical health and the functional capacities of a person's vital organs.
Answer: biological age
Q5) This theorist developed the theory of operant conditioning.B.F.Skinner
Answer: B.F.Skinner
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Chapter 2: Biological Beginnings
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159 Verified Questions
159 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mateo is on a strict diet because his parents are aware that he cannot metabolize a certain amino acid.Buildup of this amino acid in his system could result in mental retardation.Mateo has
A) Down syndrome.
B) Phenylketonuria (PKU).
C) Sickle-cell anemia.
D) Huntington disease.
Answer: B
Q2) Angelo is 5 years old and has a poor attention span.He often fidgets and is impulsive.It is possible that Angelo's mother used _______ when pregnant.
A) nicotine
B) cocaine
C) caffeine
D) marijuana
Answer: B
Q3) List at least three signs that indicate a woman in the postpartum stage of pregnancy may need professional counseling.
Answer: extreme anxietyg,depression,difficulty coping with stress,feelings of despair
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4
Chapter 3: Prenatal Development and Birth
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204 Verified Questions
204 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The focusing of mental resources on select information is called A) concentration.
B) attention.
C) habituation.
D) fixation.
Answer: B
Q2) Brian is brought into the emergency room by his parents.The doctor examines Brian and concludes that in view of the swelling and hemorrhaging of his brain,it is likely that Brian has
A) hemiplegia.
B) shaken baby syndrome.
C) traumatic brain injury.
D) viral meningitis.
Answer: B
Q3) List three ways that neurons change during the first year of life.
Answer: The process of myelination continues.Connectivity among neurons increases.Unused neural pathways are pruned.
Q4) The areas of the frontal lobe that control the body's muscles.
Answer: primary motor cortex
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Chapter 4: Physical Development and Health
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117 Verified Questions
117 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Babies have three types of cries.Which of the following is NOT one of them?
A) the anger cry
B) the hunger cry
C) the pain cry
D) the basic cry
Q2) An observational measure of infant attachment in which the infant experiences a series of introductions,separations,and reunions with the caregiver and an adult stranger.
Q3) Fernando is a young child who has just recently begun to smile whenever he hears his mother's voice.Approximately how old is Fernando?
A) 2 to 3 months
B) 4 to 5 months
C) 6 to 7 months
D) 8 to 9 months
Q4) An attachment classification that is characterized by the infant's behaviors in the Strange Situation.These infants explore the playroom when the caregiver is present,may mildly protest when the caregiver leaves the room,but establish positive interactions with caregiver on reunion.
Q5) Describe the three main types of insecurely attached infants.
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Chapter 5: Motor,Sensory,and Perceptual Development
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111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Brendan is 3 years old.His parents are concerned because he is always running and jumping on things.He cannot seem to sit still.Even when watching his favorite movie on TV,he still fidgets,bounces,and wiggles around.It is especially frustrating when Brendan will not sit still through dinner.Given what we know about child development,we would advise Brendan's parents to A) have Brendan tested for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
B) start Brendan on a behavior modification program to substitute productive behaviors for the running and jumping.
C) provide structured,cognitively challenging activities for Brendan to build his attention span.
D) be patient and recognize that Brendan is developing as a normal 3-year-old.
Q2) A major difference between Japanese and American preschools is the A) number of hours per day that children spend in preschool. B) ratio of teacher numbers to children.
C) the emphasis on academic instruction..
D) importance of peer relationships.
Q3) The process by which a "teacher" keeps up with the ongoing progress of the "learner" by changing the level of support over a teaching session.
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Chapter 6: Cognitive Developmental Approaches
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134 Verified Questions
134 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Running,jumping,sliding,and throwing balls are examples of A) practice play.
B) constructive play.
C) social play.
D) games.
Q2) In a recent national survey of U.S.parents with 3- to 4-year-old children,about __________ reported that they frequently yelled at their children.
A) 16%
B) 26%
C) 57%
D) 67%
Q3) Jean Piaget was primarily interested in A) moral reasoning of children.
B) moral behavior of children.
C) how parents teach moral standards to children.
D) the biological basis of moral integrity.
Q4) Parents who deny,ignore,or try to change the negative emotions of their children.
Q5) List at least three ways that boy and girl peer/friendship groups tend to differ.
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Chapter 7: Information Processing
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134 Verified Questions
134 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Children with above-average intelligence and a superior talent for something are called A) gifted.
B) creative.
C) mastery oriented.
D) intrinsically motivated.
Q2) Children who eat dinner with their families are more likely to A) watch less TV and drink fewer sodas. B) take a regular daily walk after dinner. C) be very involved in organized sports.
D) eat too much to "clean their plates."
Q3) This theorist argued that convergent thinking and divergent thinking were two qualitatively different ways of thinking.
Q4) The cognitive ability to order stimuli along a quantitative dimension.
Q5) All of the following are types of intelligence according to Howard Gardner,EXCEPT A) naturalist skills.
B) musical skills.
C) artistic skills.
D) verbal skills.
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Chapter 8: Intelligence
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118 Verified Questions
118 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The SECOND STAGE of the FIRST LEVEL of Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning.At this stage,individuals pursue their own interests and allow others to do the same.
Q2) When asked why she participated with other students in a protest against treatment of women on her campus,Kai says that all humans have the fundamental right to be treated fairly,and that she is morally against the continuing discrimination against women.What is Kai's likely moral level according to Lawrence Kohlberg?
A) postconventional B) conventional C) unconventional D) preconventional
Q3) This theorist criticizes Kohlberg's theory of moral development and argues that it reflects a gender bias.This theorist proposed an alternate perspective that emphasizes connectedness with others.
Q4) Explain the concept of androgyny and give an example of a person who is androgynous.
Q5) List at least three ways to help children cope with stress.
Q6) Distinguish between "self-esteem" and "self-concept".
Q7) Thinking about social matters.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Language Development
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130 Verified Questions
130 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The proportion of adolescent girls who have experienced intercourse by ages 17 is highest in:
A) China.
B) Mali.
C) Tanzania.
D) the United States.
Q2) Which of the following statements is true?
A) Boys go through growth spurts earlier than girls do.
B) Both boys and girls who are shorter than their peers before puberty will surpass their peers during the adolescent growth spurt.
C) Girls are just as tall as and weigh more than boys before puberty.
D) After puberty,girls will be shorter but heavier than boys will be.
Q3) The obituary stated that Pat was a victim of a homicide.It is most likely that Pat was:
A) an African-American adolescent boy.
B) a Latin(o)-American adolescent boy.
C) an African-American adolescent girl.
D) a Latin(a)-American adolescent girl.
Q4) Explain how formal operational thought differs from concrete operational thought.
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Chapter 10: Emotional Development
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106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Erik Erikson,the adolescent identity crisis is:
A) a natural and healthy part of development.
B) an abnormal and unhealthy state that occurs when development goes awry.
C) a simple problem to resolve for well-adjusted adolescents.
D) something that develops when parents put too much pressure on adolescents to grow up.
Q2) Which of the following is an appropriate response for a parent who is in conflict with his or her child?
A) realizing that adolescence lasts a long time and being patient with the child
B) demanding complete compliance from the child to prevent a domino effect from developing
C) relaxing demands on the child to a minimum to stop the conflict
D) seeking outside help from a professional
Q3) The relationship between self-esteem and crowd membership is:
A) unidirectional
B) bidirectional
C) causative
D) nonexistent
Q4) Explain Erik Erikson's fifth stage of psychosocial development.
Q5) Discuss the double disadvantage experienced by many ethnic minority adolescents.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: The Self and Identity
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72 Verified Questions
72 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) List at least two ways exercise contributes to a weight-loss program.
Q2) David notices he has sores and blisters around his genital area just days after having intercourse.David MOST likely has:
A) gonorrhea.
B) genital herpes.
C) syphilis.
D) HIV.
Q3) Sexually transmitted infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus,which destroys the body's immune system.
Q4) The average age of peak performance for most physical skills:
A) is not affected by changes that happen in the environment.
B) has remained approximately the same over the last century.
C) has decreased by an average of 4 years over the last century.
D) has increased by an average of 4 years over the last century.
Q5) This theorist suggested that adults are more likely to engage in reflective,relativistic thinking,whereas adolescents are more likely to use absolute,dualistic thinking.
Q6) List at least four common sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
Q7) List four ways to protect yourself from AIDS.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Gender
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Erik Erikson,achieving intimacy means to be able to:
A) have a sexual relationship with someone.
B) detach your thoughts from your emotions.
C) comfortably live in close proximity to someone.
D) find oneself while losing oneself in another.
Q2) For men,talk is _________,whereas for women,talk is _________.
A) reporting; exchanging.
B) informational; relational.
C) factual; emotional.
D) engaging; inviting.
Q3) With regard to the timing of remarriage,in the United States:
A) men tend to remarry sooner than women do.
B) women tend to remarry sooner than men do.
C) European-American women tend to remarry sooner then men,but this is not the case for other ethnic groups in the United States.
D) European-American men tend to remarry sooner than women do,but this is not the case for other ethnic groups in the United States.
Q4) List two strategies remarried couples can use to cope with the stress of living in a stepfamily.
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Chapter 13: Moral Development
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83 Verified Questions
83 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) After menopause,most women experience:
A) prolonged depression.
B) a loss of sexuality or sexual desire.
C) an increase in psychological disorders related to menopause.
D) no known negative effects.
Q2) Michelle is upset because she believes her memory has been getting worse since she entered middle age.She finds it harder to remember a grocery list or telephone number,although she does not have difficulty with information she uses often,such as her address or Social Security number.Which of the following is probably true about Michelle?
A) Michelle is showing signs of premature memory failure.
B) Michelle is typical of middle-aged people in her ability to remember information.
C) Michelle is better at remembering information than the majority of middle-aged people.
D) Michelle is typical in her memory for frequently used information but is worse than average in her memory for lists.
Q3) The midlife transition,for both men and women,in which fertility declines.
Q4) List three reasons why religion is positively associated with positive physical health.
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Families
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110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who tends to experience the MOST intergenerational stress?
A) adolescents
B) young adults
C) middle-aged adults
D) older adults
Q2) According to Costa and McCrae's study on adult personality development,in middle adulthood,_________INCREASES.
A) agreeableness
B) openness to experience
C) neuroticism
D) interdependence relationship style
Q3) Which of the following is NOT one of the big five personality traits identified by Costa and McCrae?
A) extraversion
B) openness
C) adaptability
D) conscientiousness
Q4) Explain the contemporary life-events approach to development.
Q5) Identify and discuss the seventh stage of Erikson's psychosocial life-span development perspective.
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Chapter 15: Peers
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170 Verified Questions
170 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A recent study of older adults with health problems revealed that they receive the recommended medical care they need about ___ of the time.
A) 10%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 75%
Q2) Which of the following statements about the respiratory system in older adults is FALSE?
A) Lung capacity drops 40% between the ages of 20 and 80 years.
B) Lungs lose elasticity.
C) The diaphragm weakens.
D) The chest enlarges.
Q3) At age 72,Faye has a scan to assess the status and functioning of her brain.Her doctor also just completed a scan on a 50-year-old woman.As the doctor compares the two scans,it will be normal to see ________ in Faye's brain.
A) fewer neurons but more dendrites
B) fewer neurons and dendrites
C) fewer dendrites but more neurons
D) more neurons and dendrites
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Page 17
Chapter 16: Schools and Achievement
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Stereotypes of old age common among young,middle-aged,and elderly adults:
A) express both positive and negative images of the elderly.
B) portray the elderly mainly as weak and impaired.
C) express a longing for a sweet old age characterized by vigor and wisdom.
D) portray the elderly as kindly but limited in ability.
Q2) As a minister conscientious about the welfare of her parishioners,the Reverend Douglas creates many roles in her church for retired church members.Pastor Douglas appears to be applying:
A) disengagement theory.
B) socioemotional selectivity theory.
C) evangelical theory.
D) activity theory.
Q3) As adults get older,friendships:
A) become less important than in youth.
B) remain equally as important as in youth.
C) become more important for women,less for men.
D) are more important than family for mental health.
Q4) Prejudice against individuals because of their age,especially prejudice against older adults.
Q5) Describe the socioemotional selectivity theory.
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Culture and Diversity
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Sample Questions
Q1) This theorist was the first to propose a five stage model of dying,which begins with denial and ends with acceptance of death.
Q2) According to Elisabeth Kübler-Ross,the third stage of dying is:
A) anger.
B) bargaining.
C) depression.
D) denial and isolation.
Q3) Elisabeth Kübler-Ross divided the behavior and thinking of dying people into five stages.Which of the following lists these stages in the correct order?
A) denial and isolation,anger,bargaining,depression,acceptance
B) denial and isolation,bargaining,anger,depression,acceptance
C) denial and isolation,anger,grief,bargaining,acceptance
D) anger,bargaining,depression,acceptance,grief
Q4) Which of the following concerns do people have about dying at home?
A) lack of access to pain medication
B) dying more slowly than at a hospital
C) contracting a virus that might hasten death
D) placing an undue burden on family members
Q5) Define euthanasia.Name and describe the two types of euthanasia.
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