Psychology of Aging Exam Review
Course Introduction
Psychology of Aging explores the psychological processes associated with growing older, focusing on cognitive, emotional, and social changes that occur throughout adulthood and late life. The course examines theories of aging, memory and intelligence changes, personality development, mental health issues common in older adults, and the impact of cultural, biological, and social influences on aging. Students will analyze research findings, discuss the practical implications for caregivers and professionals, and gain insights into promoting successful and healthy aging across diverse populations.
Recommended Textbook
Essentials of Life Span Development 3rd Edition by John Santrock
Available Study Resources on Quizplus 17 Chapters
2255 Verified Questions
2255 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/2764
Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
145 Verified Questions
145 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/55108
Sample Questions
Q1) _____ has the longest span of any period of development and the number of people in this age group has been increasing dramatically.
A) Middle and late childhood
B) Adolescence
C) Middle adulthood
D) Late adulthood
Answer: D
Q2) Dr. Wong is a cognitive developmental theorist, so we know that he will stress the importance of _____ in understanding development.
A) conscious thoughts
B) repressed memories
C) biological processes
D) the effects of genes and evolution on the development of intelligence
Answer: A
Q3) Riley argues that behavior is strongly influenced by biology; it is tied to evolution, and characterized by critical or sensitive periods. What theoretical orientation, does Riley most likely take?
Answer: Ethology
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 3
Chapter 2: Biological Beginnings
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
148 Verified Questions
148 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/55107
Sample Questions
Q1) The outermost layer of the embryo is called the _____.
A) mesoderm
B) cytoderm
C) endoderm
D) ectoderm
Answer: D
Q2) The _____ is a layer of the embryo, which will become the nervous system and brain, sensory receptors, and skin parts.
A) mesoderm
B) ectoderm
C) trophoblast
D) endoderm
Answer: B
Q3) The nucleus of each human cell contains _____, which are threadlike structures made up of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
A) mitochondria
B) ribosomes
C) chromosomes
D) mesosomes
Answer: C
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 4
Chapter 3: Physical and Cognitive Development in Infancy
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
145 Verified Questions
145 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/55106
Sample Questions
Q1) The sequence in which the earliest growth always occurs at the top-the head-with physical growth in size, weight, and feature differentiation gradually working from top to bottom.
Answer: Cephalocaudal pattern
Q2) Sensitivity to taste:
A) is present even before birth.
B) develops two days after birth.
C) is not seen in newborns.
D) develops a month after birth.
Answer: A
Q3) Which of the following is a requirement of joint attention?
A) An ability to manipulate objects
B) An ability to track another's behavior
C) A lack of interest in others
D) An intense interest in a particular object
Answer: B
Q4) Memory without conscious recollection. This includes memories ofof skills and routine procedures (e.g., crawling) that are performed automatically.
Answer: Implicit memory
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 5
Chapter 4: Socioemotional Development in Infancy
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
145 Verified Questions
145 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/55105
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the best description of scaffolding?
A) Parents time interactions in such a way that the infant experiences turn-taking with the parents.
B) The caregiver and infant focus on the same object or event.
C) Mothers and their infants interact in a dance-like pattern of closely coordinated actions.
D) The child is presented with a series of introductions, separations, and reunions with the caregiver.
Q2) Infants show _____ when they are in familiar settings.
A) more stranger anxiety
B) no separation protest
C) less stranger anxiety
D) more separation protest
Q3) Mariposa is in the Strange Situation; she moves freely away from her mother but keeps track of where she is through periodic glances. She would most likely be classified as _____.
A) insecurely attached
B) extremely inhibited
C) securely attached
D) difficult
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 6
Chapter 5: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
147 Verified Questions
147 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/55104
Sample Questions
Q1) Michelle, 4, talks to herself frequently, especially when she is trying to solve a difficult problem. Lev Vygotsky would say that Michelle is:
A) engaging in egocentric and immature thinking.
B) likely to be socially competent.
C) functioning at the upper limit of her zone of proximal development (ZPD).
D) engaging in scaffolding.
Q2) Four-year old Nathan is good at stacking his playing blocks to make tall structures. However, he still knocks them over occasionally. Which of the following is the MOST likely reason for this?
A) His gross motor skills are deficient.
B) He tries to place each block perfectly on top of the other, upsetting those already stacked.
C) His coordination skills are not developing normally for his age.
D) He is showing signs of dyslexia.
Q3) Which of the following is a second substage of preoperational thought?
A) Formal operational
B) Intuitive thought
C) Concrete operational
D) Symbolic function
Page 7
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 6: Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
147 Verified Questions
147 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/55103
Sample Questions
Q1) Social cognitive theory provides several important principles to help us understand moral behavior of children. Which one of the following is NOT one of those principles?
A) Moral behavior is always influenced by the situation.
B) Self-control is evidenced by the child's ability to delay gratification.
C) Punishment will always increase modeling of moral behavior.
D) Cognitive factors are important in the development of self-control.
Q2) The primary social theories of gender include all of the following EXCEPT:
A) evolutionary psychology view.
B) social role theory.
C) psychoanalytic theory.
D) social cognitive theory.
Q3) Research linking corporal punishment and child behavior has been associated with all of the following EXCEPT:
A) higher levels of immediate compliance.
B) lower levels of mental health.
C) higher levels of moral internalization.
D) higher levels of aggression.
Q4) The support that parents provide one another in jointly raising a child.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle and Late Childhood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
146 Verified Questions
146 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/55102
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following has been found to be better at improving the behavior of children with ADHD in most cases?
A) A combination of stimulant medication and sedatives
B) Primarily stimulant medication
C) Primarily behavior management
D) A combination of stimulant medication and behavior management
Q2) Eight-year-old Ella can use scissors to cut small paper dolls out of construction paper, something she could not do at age 3. What best accounts for her improving dexterity?
A) Cortical thickening in the temporal lobe
B) Increased myelination of the central nervous system
C) Increased bone ossification
D) Increased muscle development
Q3) A theory that states that memory is best understood by considering two types of memory representation: verbatim memory trace and gist.
Q4) Discuss what Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) does.
Q5) These theorists proposed the fuzzy trace theory in understanding the development of memory.
Q6) This theorist developed the triarchic theory of intelligence.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 9
Chapter 8: Socioemotional Development in Middle and Late Childhood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
141 Verified Questions
141 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/55101
Sample Questions
Q1) Keith is trying to help his son, Judd, deal with the devastating floods that left 40,000 people in the Midwest homeless. Judd's mother and two sisters were among those who lost their homes and all of their belongings in this natural disaster. One strategy Keith should NOT implement is to:
A) allow his son to tell and retell the details of the event.
B) encourage his son to talk about his nightmares.
C) allow his child to watch repeated news footage of the tragedy.
D) reassure his son that this type of tragedy is rare, and that he is safe.
Q2) Compared to nonaggressive children, which of the following observations is NOT TRUE of aggressive boys searching for cues to determine a peer's intention(s)?
A) They respond more rapidly.
B) They respond less efficiently.
C) They respond less reflectively.
D) They respond more ambiguously.
Q3) This theorist criticizes most theories of moral development and argues that they reflect a gender bias. He/she proposed an alternate perspective that emphasizes connectedness with others.
Q4) How do schools in low-income areas compare with those in high-income areas?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 10
Q5) List and describe the levels of Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development.
Chapter 9: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
136 Verified Questions
136 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/55100
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is one of the main characteristics that applies to people suffering from anorexia nervosa?
A) Precocious puberty in girls
B) Amenorrhea in girls who have reached puberty
C) Body weight that falls in the 98th percentile of the BMI scale
D) Binge eating followed by purging
Q2) In a study, almost 50 percent of high school dropouts cited _____ reasons for leaving school.
A) economic
B) peer-related
C) school-related
D) family-related
Q3) Katie weighs less than 85 percent of what is considered normal for her age and height. Yet, she sees herself as too fat and starves to become thinner. Katie most likely suffers from:
A) anorexia nervosa.
B) bulimia nervosa.
C) sickle-cell anemia.
D) hypochondria.
Q4) What are the characteristics of the formal operational stage?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 11
Chapter 10: Socioemotional Development in Adolescence
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
139 Verified Questions
139 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/55099
Sample Questions
Q1) An individual's body image encompasses his/her _____.
A) sexual identity
B) personality
C) relationship identity
D) physical identity
Q2) Conflict with parents often escalates during:
A) early adolescence.
B) middle adolescence.
C) late adolescence.
D) the college years.
Q3) Late bloomers comprise approximately 10 percent of _____ who say that they have had no experience with romantic relationships.
A) 14- to 16-year-olds
B) 17- to 19-year-olds
C) 12- to 13-year-olds
D) 15- to 16-year-olds
Q4) How can parents help their adolescents to develop the ability to attain autonomy, gain control over their behavior, and make mature decisions?
Q5) Explain the concept of psychosocial moratorium.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 12
Chapter 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early
Adulthood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
140 Verified Questions
140 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/55098
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about the benefits of exercise is true?
A) About 50 percent of adults get the recommended levels of physical activity.
B) Exercise can be as effective in reducing depression as psychotherapy.
C) Only intense physical activities will produce important physical gains.
D) Exercise has little impact on self-concept and in reducing anxiety.
Q2) Emerging and young adults are more likely than adolescents to understand that their thinking is influenced by _____.
A) logic
B) emotions
C) hypothetical reasoning
D) postconventional reasoning
Q3) Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi discovered that creative people regularly experience a state he called _____, which represented a heightened state of pleasure experienced when people engage in mental and physical challenges that absorb them.
A) bliss
B) nirvana
C) euphoria
D) flow
Q4) What is postformal thought like in practice?
Page 13
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 12: Socioemotional Development in Early
Adulthood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/55097
Sample Questions
Q1) When all three dimensions of Sternberg's triarchic theory of love are present in a relationship, what type of love are people experiencing?
A) Affectionate love
B) Consummate love
C) Fatuous love
D) Passionate love
Q2) Women's friendships tend to be characterized not only by _____ but also by _____.
A) talk; silence
B) competition; camaraderie
C) depth; breadth
D) intimacy; rivalry
Q3) This theorist proposed a triarchic theory of love.
Q4) Juggling the competing demands of intimacy, identity, and independence becomes a central task of _____.
A) childhood
B) adolescence
C) parenthood
D) adulthood
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 14
Chapter 13: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle
Adulthood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/55096
Sample Questions
Q1) Cholesterol can be lowered in all of the following ways EXCEPT:
A) regular exercise.
B) changes in diet to include foods low in saturated fat.
C) changes in diet to include foods that are low in cholesterol.
D) liposuction.
Q2) Which of the following BEST explains why middle adulthood comes later and lasts longer now than in the early 1900s?
A) People today have fewer children than people in the early 1900s.
B) People today have a higher income than people in the early 1900s.
C) People today have less anxiety in their lives than people in the early 1900s.
D) People today have healthier lifestyles than people in the early 1900s.
Q3) According to John Horn, _____ steadily declines from middle adulthood onward.
A) fluid intelligence
B) crystallized intelligence
C) verbal memory
D) kinesthetic intelligence
Q4) The midlife transition, for both men and women, in which fertility declines.
Q5) The mental "workbench" in the mind where individuals manipulate information and solve problems.
Q6) List four strategies that distinguish an expert from a novice. Page 15
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 16
Chapter 14: Socioemotional Development in Middle
Adulthood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/55095
Sample Questions
Q1) As he looks back over his life, Chris realizes that his work was not as important to him as he believed, and that he lost too much valuable time with his children. If he could do it over again, he would work less and spend more time with his children. According to Erikson, Chris is experiencing some degree of _____.
A) social rejection
B) apathy
C) generativity
D) stagnation
Q2) According to Levinson, which of the following should occur at the end of one's teens?
A) A transition from dependence to independence
B) An increase in generativity
C) An increase in feelings of stagnation
D) A transition from conventional to postconventional reasoning
Q3) Middle-aged Americans agree that a major component of their well-being involves:
A) physical health.
B) positive relationships.
C) recovery from midlife crisis.
D) better financial situation.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 17
Chapter 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in Late
Adulthood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
145 Verified Questions
145 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/55094
Sample Questions
Q1) _____ is the most common chronic disorder in late adulthood.
A) Glaucoma
B) Diabetes
C) Arthritis
D) Kidney disease
Q2) Cognitive neuroscience has uncovered some important links between aging, the brain, and cognitive functioning. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
A) Decline in neural circuits is linked to poorer performance by older adults on complex reasoning tasks.
B) Older adults are more likely than younger adults to use both hemispheres of the brain.
C) Older adults show greater activity in the frontal and parietal regions while engaging in simple tasks.
D) In older adults, the functioning of the hippocampus declines more than the functioning of the frontal lobes.
Q3) Describe shrinking of the brain in the aging process.
Q4) A transitional state between cognitive changes of normal aging and very early Alzheimer disease and other dementias.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 18
Chapter 16: Socioemotional Development in Late
Adulthood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
96 Verified Questions
96 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/55093
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true of the usage of Internet among older adults?
A) Older adults visit fewer Web sites than their younger counterparts.
B) Older adults spend less money on the Internet than their younger counterparts.
C) Increasing numbers of older adults use e-mail to communicate with relatives.
D) Older adults are especially interested in going online for social networking.
Q2) Adult daughters are _____ times more likely than are adult sons to give parents assistance with daily living activities.
A) three
B) five
C) two
D) four
Q3) For older adults, social support is linked to a(n):
A) increased probability of becoming institutionalized.
B) higher socioeconomic status.
C) increase in mortality rates.
D) reduction in symptoms of disease.
Q4) Prejudice against individuals because of their age, especially prejudice against older adults.
Q5) Describe the selective optimization with compensation model.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 19
Chapter 17: Death, Dying, and Grieving
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/55092
Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss "good death."
Q2) In the Gond culture of India, death is believed to be caused by:
A) natural forces.
B) an angry supreme being.
C) the ill will of others in the community.
D) magic and demons.
Q3) Describe Kübler-Ross' first stage of dying.
Q4) Ada knows that she has liver cancer and will not live much longer. In her prayers, she asks God to let her live one more year, and she will promise to set everything right with her family and loved ones. Which of Kübler-Ross' stages of dying is Ada currently in?
A) Bargaining
B) Denial
C) Anger
D) Acceptance
Q5) The type of grief reaction that involves enduring despair and is still unresolved over an extended period of time.
Q6) Define hospice and explain its focus.
Q7) How does denial impact individuals' adaptation to approaching death?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 20
Q8) What are the advantages of letting dying individuals know that they are dying?