Psychology of Aging Exam Preparation Guide
Course Introduction
Psychology of Aging explores the cognitive, emotional, and social changes that occur across the adult lifespan, with a special focus on later adulthood. The course examines developmental theories, memory and intelligence changes, personality and identity in older adults, as well as issues such as coping with loss, adaptation to retirement, and the impact of physical health on mental well-being. Students will analyze current research and interventions designed to promote healthy aging and consider the diverse experiences of aging individuals within different cultural and societal contexts.
Recommended Textbook
Developmental Psychology From Infancy to Adulthood 4th Edition by Fiona White
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13 Chapters
544 Verified Questions
544 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction to developmental psychology
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44 Verified Questions
44 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/15820
Sample Questions
Q1) Developmental psychology includes the study of the following,except:
A) the nature of children's moral understanding
B) the relationship between a father and his child
C) the influence of maternal drug use on prenatal growth
D) none - they all apply to developmental psychology
Answer: D
Q2) Vygostky and Bronfenbrenner's approaches to development are similar in that they both acknowledge the influence of culture.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) In operant conditioning,the behaviour response is strengthened by:
A) observing social models perform the desired behaviour
B) a conditioned stimulus
C) immediate reinforcement
D) high levels of repetition
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Foundations of development: Genetics and prenatal development
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43 Verified Questions
43 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the term used to describe a ball of cells consisting of two layers of cells resulting from rapid cell replication?
A) trophoblast
B) chorion
C) blastocyst
D) zygote
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following is characteristic of the germinal period of prenatal development?
A) embryonic disc forms three layers
B) implantation
C) histogenesis
D) neural tube forms
Answer: B
Q3) What genetic disorder is the single most important cause of mental retardation?
A) Autism spectrum disorder
B) Fragile-X syndrome
C) Down syndrome
D) Prader-Willi syndrome
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Physical and motor development
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36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cross-modal transfer and sensory integration deficits are characteristic in children with DCD.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) An example of a proprioceptor is:
A) the vestibular system
B) the kinaesthetic system
C) the muscular system
D) both A and B are correct
Answer: D
Q3) Postural stability is dependent upon:
A) vestibular information
B) good muscle tone
C) kinaesthetic information
D) all of these answers are correct
Answer: D
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Perceptual development
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43 Verified Questions
43 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Depth and distance perception is almost as accurate in four year olds as it is in adults.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Children typically become sensitive to pictorial distance cues at five months of age.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Haptic perception refers to the way that children use their sense of vision to explore the sensory qualities of objects.
A)True
B)False
Q4) When a baby is touched,which of the following is likely to occur?
A) a reduction in distress
B) an increase in positive emotions
C) increased breathing rate
D) both A and B are correct
Q5) Define sensation and perception and provide an example of both.
Q6) Discuss two recent research findings in the area of infant/children's pain.
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Chapter 5: Stages of cognitive development
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) 'Cognition' is the higher order mental processes that allow humans to ________ their environment and and to respond to it in ________ ways.
A) manipulate, adaptive
B) understand, appropriate
C) understand, adaptive
D) manipulate, appropriate
Q2) Describe three toys that would be developmentally appropriate for a child whose development is within the sensorimotor stage and how these toys may encourage their development.
Q3) A limitation of Piaget's theory is that much of the research evidence suggests that cognitive development is continuous.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Research has demonstrated that explicitly instructing children about a novel situation may reduce their spontaneous exploration and discovery within that situation.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain the three basic theoretical assumptions of Piaget's stage theory.
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Chapter 6: Cognitive development II
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43 Verified Questions
43 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which theory or approach attempts to explain the interaction between developments in different domains such as perception,motor activity,attention,language,memory and emotion?
A) core-knowledge approach
B) connectionist approach
C) sociocultural approach
D) dynamic-systems theory
Q2) Implicit memories are composed of previously experienced objects or events and they are consciously searched for.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which cognitive theory emphasises parallel processing?
A) connectionist theory
B) Piaget's theory of cognitive development
C) dynamic systems theory
D) core-knowledge approach
Q4) Theory of mind involves a coherent understanding of mental states such as thoughts,beliefs and intentions.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Language development
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53 Verified Questions
53 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Phonology is:
A) understanding the communicative acts of other people
B) the sounds used by the speakers of a particular language
C) the rules that govern acceptable word order within a language
D) the meaning of words and utterances
Q2) Adults rarely achieve full fluency of a second language unless it is acquired as a child.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The 'Whorfian hypothesis' suggests that the way we think about the world determines the way we use language.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following is believed to not be an important factor in one's reading comprehension?
A) age
B) working memory capacity
C) ability to make inferences
D) none of these answers are correct
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Chapter 8: Personality development
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52 Verified Questions
52 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Two key behaviourists are Watson and Skinner.
A)True
B)False
Q2) There is a definition of personality that most theorists agree on.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Behaviourists tend to avoid hypothetical constructs and therefore did not utilise the term 'personality'.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which model/theory integrates social cognitive and trait approaches to personality development?
A) social investment theory
B) sociogenomic model
C) sociobiological model
D) social cognitive theory
Q5) The sociogenomic model suggests that changes in states can lead to neuroanatomical changes.
A)True
B)False
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Social development
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47 Verified Questions
47 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) High self-esteem has been found to enhance one's adaptive social development across the lifespan.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Bowlby's (1980)ethological theory of attachment is the oldest but is not the most accepted view of attachment development.
A)True
B)False
Q3) According to previous research,which of the following is not one of the positive developmental outcomes of play?
A) play provides children with an opportunity to develop their identity and self-concept
B) play teaches children to problem solve
C) play provides children with opportunities to develop social skills
D) play sharpens children's social knowledge
Q4) A five-year-old would likely be engaging in functional play.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss the genetic versus social influences in gender-identity development.
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Chapter 10: Emotional development
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39 Verified Questions
39 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/15829
Sample Questions
Q1) Emotion cannot accurately be reduced to words.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Spitz's theory on emotional development influenced early researchers in what area?
A) play
B) sociocognitive
C) attachment
D) none of these answers are correct
Q3) During what time frame are children most vulnerable to maternal distress,family adversities and lack of social support,as suggested by research?
A) late childhood
B) early childhood
C) adolescence
D) none - they are all important
Q4) Do gender differences exist in the expression and regulation of emotions? Discuss with reference to research findings.
Q5) How does culture influence emotional expression and intensity? Discuss.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Model development
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43 Verified Questions
43 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Defining Issues Test (DIT)is a useful tool for measuring individuals in moral stages 2 to 4.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The ________ of moral judgment refers to what or who the person thinks about in a moral dilemma,whereas the ________ of moral judgement refers to how sophisticated a person's thinking is.
A) content, maturity
B) focus, maturity
C) content, form
D) form, content
Q3) Moral emotions are the cause of moral behaviour.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Discuss the relations among moral emotions,behaviour and judgment.Are they related? If so,which components are related? If not,what does the research say may be the reason for the lack of correlation?
Q5) What role does the development of emotion play in moral development?
Q6) How does parental style influence children's moral development?
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Psychological problems and development
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49 Verified Questions
49 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following behaviours is common in the developmental progression of ADHD?
A) restlessness throughout one's life course
B) poor social skills in preschool that eventually improve in primary school
C) average academic performance
D) impulsive symptoms seem to decrease during primary school
Q2) When high expressed emotion is reduced in the family,the relapse of schizophrenia is decreased.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Antipsychotic drugs,or neuroleptics,have been found to significantly reduce schizophrenic symptoms because they block what type of receptors?
A) norepinephrine
B) serotonin
C) dopamine
D) both A and C are correct
Q4) Resilience is considered to be a fixed characteristic of an individual.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Conclusions
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12 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The joint influence of biology and experience is predominantly observed in the early years of development compared to later stages of life.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The nature-nurture relationship in the early months and years of life is dominated by the influence of biology.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Culture is an important influence on development.Review research literature and discuss its role in child development,particularly in language and social development.
Q4) Theories of development such as Chomsky's biological theory have been rejected,as it is believed that a combination of nature and nurture contributes to development in a broad range of areas.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Theories of development suggest that development can be continuous or discontinuous.Which argument has more convincing research evidence?
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Page 15