Psychology of Abnormal Behavior Final
Exam
Course Introduction
Psychology of Abnormal Behavior explores the nature, assessment, and treatment of psychological disorders. The course examines theoretical perspectives on abnormality, including biological, psychological, and sociocultural approaches, and addresses major categories of mental disorders such as anxiety, mood, psychotic, personality, and neurodevelopmental disorders. Students will learn about diagnostic criteria, etiologies, and intervention strategies, as well as ethical and cultural considerations in the field. Emphasis is placed on understanding the human experience of psychological distress and the impact of stigma, aiming to foster sensitivity and critical thinking about mental health issues.
Recommended Textbook
Abnormal Psychology 8th Edition by Thomas F. Oltmanns
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18 Chapters
2299 Verified Questions
2299 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Examples and Definitions of Abnormal Behavior
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155 Verified Questions
155 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Applying the concept of harmful dysfunction to the case of Kevin Warner,we can emphasize Kevin's failures of several mental mechanisms,including A)perception.
B)motivation.
C)learning.
D)feeling.
Answer: A
Q2) Explain how abnormal behavior can be defined in terms of statistical norms.
Answer: Statistical norms define abnormal behavior in terms of how common or rare it is in the general population.By this definition,people with unusually high levels of anxiety or depression would be considered abnormal because their experience deviates from the expected norm.
Q3) Hippocrates is viewed as one of the first figures in history to emphasize that psychopathology can be attributed to A)supernatural causes.
B)the influence of culture.
C)natural causes.
D)unconscious mental processes.
Answer: C
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Causes of Abnormal Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are watching a movie about a mental hospital.In one scene two mental health professionals are talking about a patient.One of them asks about the patient's prognosis.The response to this question will deal with the patient's A)diagnosis.
B)predicted course.
C)premorbid history.
D)developmental norm.
Answer: B
Q2) Dualism refers to the out-of-date idea that A)mind and body are separate.
B)the whole is more than the sum of its parts.
C)the brain is made up of structures and functions.
D)behavior is influenced by free will and determinism.
Answer: A
Q3) Endocrine glands produce psychophysiological responses by releasing
Answer: hormones
Q4) The __________ model suggests that mental disorders develop only when a stress is added on top of a predisposition.
Answer: diathesis-stress
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Chapter 3: Treatment of Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Therapeutic neutrality is viewed as a key component of A)psychoanalysis.
B)client-centered therapy.
C)in vivo desensitization.
D)rational-emotive therapy.
Answer: A
Q2) An argument that humanists have against psychodynamic,cognitive-behavioral,and biological therapists is that these other therapists
A)overlook the individual's ability to make choices.
B)place too much emphasis on free will.
C)do not put the needs of their clients first.
D)are too cold and judgmental in their dealings with their clients.
Answer: A
Q3) The theorist who elevated the need for warm,close relationships to the status of a basic human need was
A)Sigmund Freud.
B)Erik Erikson.
C)Karen Horney.
D)John Bowlby.
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Classification and Assessment of Abnormal Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) A recent advance in brain imaging allows details of both the structure and function of the brain to be seen.This method is _________ .
Q2) After reviewing the manual for scoring the MMPI-2,Elizabeth decides that the scoring can best be described as
A)reactive.
B)objective.
C)subjective.
D)projective.
Q3) The two principal criteria used to evaluate a classification system like DSM-5 are A)reactivity and sensitivity.
B)reliability and validity.
C)inclusiveness and disclusiveness.
D)cultural specificity and cultural universality.
Q4) In DSM-5,clinical disorders are defined largely in terms of A)compulsive behaviors
B)symptomatic behaviors.
C)necessity of inpatient therapy.
D)comorbidity.
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Chapter 5: Mood Disorders and Suicide
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Sample Questions
Q1) Euphoria is characterized by
A)elated mood.
B)labile affect.
C)depressed mood.
D)inappropriate affect.
Q2) Among patients who respond positively to antidepressant medication,
A)improvement usually occurs within four to six weeks.
B)side effects usually force them to terminate early.
C)improvement usually occurs almost immediately.
D)side effects are almost never a problem.
Q3) When rats are exposed to stress in the lab,they exhibit signs of depression and evidence that the concentration of chemicals in their brains have been changed.These chemicals are known collectively as _________.
Q4) Brain imaging studies have identified elevated levels of resting blood flow and glucose metabolism in which area of the brain?
A)amygdala
B)cerebellum
C)parietal lobes
D)temporal lobes
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Chapter 6: Anxiety Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) A differential diagnosis between social and specific phobia is a bit tricky.You need to look for the most important difference between social phobia and specific phobia,which is that social phobia
A)does not involve avoidance.
B)involves both the element of performance and interpersonal interactions.
C)is much less distressing.
D)also involves the element of panic.
Q2) Prospective studies of the relationship between drinking problems and anxiety disorders suggest that
A)anxiety disorders lead to heavy drinking.
B)heavy drinking increases the probability that an anxiety disorder will later develop.
C)anxiety disorders can lead to heavy drinking,and heavy drinking can lead to anxiety disorders.
D)the relationship exists for patterns of alcohol abuse but not for alcohol dependence.
Q3) The observation that conditioned responses to fear-relevant stimuli,such as spiders and snakes,are more resistant to extinction than are those responses to fear-irrelevant stimuli,such as flowers,supports the __________ model.
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Chapter 7: Acute and Posttraumatic Stress Disorders,
Dissociative Disorders, and Somatic Symptom Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) To meet the DSM-5 criteria for PTSD,an individual must not only experience a traumatic event,but he must also
A)exhibit the presence of one (or more)intrusion symptoms associated with that traumatic event.
B)experience an inability to recall the event.
C)suffer depression and substance abuse.
D)maintain a belief that he was responsible for the event.
Q2) With respect to the value of critical incident stress debriefing (CISD),
A)CISD almost always prevents future PTSD.
B)there is no evidence that CISD prevents PTSD.
C)CISD is never harmful to those who receive it.
D)CISD should not be offered until several days after the trauma.
Q3) A national study found that approximately ___ percent of the people in the United States suffered from PTSD at some point.
Q4) Explain why dissociative identity disorder is such a controversial diagnosis.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Stress and Physical Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) For those infected with HIV,________ is associated with a more gradual onset of symptoms.
A)use of condoms
B)social support
C)being female
D)access to prevention programs
Q2) Why is hypertension often called the "silent killer"?
A)It has a strong genetic link.
B)It produces no obvious symptoms.
C)It is not currently a focus of research efforts.
D)It results from the use of convenience foods and reliance on modern conveniences that reduce opportunities for exercise.
Q3) Discuss the relationship between stress,health behavior,and cancer.
Q4) In longitudinal studies,prospective designs are preferred to retrospective designs because
A)it is easier to follow subjects forward in time than to follow them backward in time.
B)retrospective studies are limited by distorted memories.
C)only prospective designs can rule out reverse causality.
D)prospective designs can be conducted more quickly.
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Chapter 9: Personality Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Two of the most important motives for understanding human personality and personality disorders are
A)escape from reality and escape from pain.
B)acceptance of reality and acceptance of self.
C)affiliation and power.
D)dependence and nurturance.
Q2) Generally,personality disorders tend to be ego-syntonic in nature,which means that people with personality disorders
A)have other disorders as well.
B)do not see their disorders as problems.
C)have tremendous insight into their problems.
D)are distressed by and perhaps ashamed of their problems.
Q3) The pattern associated with a personality disorder must be evident in two or more specific domains that include
A)motor skills.
B)emotional responses.
C)intelligence.
D)culture.
Q4) In DSM-5,there are ________ personality disorder subtypes.
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Chapter 10: Feeding and Eating Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Summarize what is currently know about the role of genetics and neurophysiology in eating disorders.
Q2) In the middle of an episode of binge eating,how is a woman likely to describe how she feels?
A)delusional
B)lacking control
C)in a hypnotic trance
D)invigorated and energetic
Q3) ___________ ,or a negative mood state,commonly triggers episodes of binge eating according to Vogele and Gibson.
A)Anapraxsis
B)Hysteria
C)Anhedonia
D)Dysphoria
Q4) ____________ is often comorbid with bulimia,especially in bulimic patients who self induce vomiting.
Q5) ____________ involves behaviors designed to eliminate consumed food from the body.
Q6) How does DSM-5 handle obesity and binge-eating disorder?
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the ways that parent behaviors influence the likelihood that an adolescent will abuse substances.
Q2) Longitudinal studies of adolescent alcohol use and their expectancy patterns have found that
A)those with positive expectations go on to consume greater amounts of alcohol.
B)those with negative expectations go on to consume greater amounts of alcohol.
C)those with positive expectations go on to consume lesser amounts of alcohol.
D)those who consume greater amounts of alcohol go on to have more positive expectations.
Q3) Why are amphetamines the most serious drug problem in Japan?
A)Amphetamines are readily available as over-the-counter diet aids.
B)There is a limited amount of land for cultivation of plant-based drugs; since amphetamines are synthetic drugs,they are more easily available.
C)Government agencies have managed to intercept most shipments of drugs that have a detectable odor.
D)These drugs have a long history of use by people who want to boost their energy so that they can work an increased number of hours.
Q4) The dried leaves and/or flowers of a cannabis plant are know as __________.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Sexual Dysfunctions, Paraphilic Disorders and Gender Dysphoria
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Sample Questions
Q1) Under what set of circumstances do men with paraphilias usually enter treatment?
A)voluntarily
B)at the request of a loved one
C)in order to receive a reduced sentence for a crime
D)referral from marital therapists
Q2) What is the rationale for sensate focus in sex therapy?
A)Couples need to focus on erotic sensations rather than performance demands.
B)Couples need to understand their intrapsychic conflicts.
C)Receiving support from other couples with similar problems is a key to successful treatment.
D)Successful treatment requires ruling out other possible medical or physical causes of sexual dysfunction.
Q3) From the extensive information it collected concerning patterns of sexual activity,what did the National Health and Social Life Survey reveal concerning the physical and emotional satisfaction of men and women?
A)The rates of satisfaction are low for both men and women.
B)A much larger percentage of men than women report being satisfied.
C)A much larger percentage of women than men report being satisfied.
D)Men and women did not differ significantly in their satisfaction.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Expressed emotion refers to
A)family members being negative and intrusive.
B)family members showing acceptance and caring.
C)the appropriateness of a schizophrenic person's affect.
D)the schizophrenic person's stated desire to engage in social relations.
Q2) After patients recover from acute psychotic episodes and are receiving antipsychotic medications,there is a high probability that they will have another episode if they discontinue their medication.According to your textbook,_____ percent of patients have a relapse in the first year after hospital discharge.
A)10-15
B)25-30
C)45-50
D)65-70
Q3) Extrapyramidal symptoms,common side effects of traditional medications used to treat schizophrenia,are disturbances in A)attention.
B)motor functions.
C)affect regulation.
D)weight regulation.
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Neurocognitive Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is genetic linkage analysis?
A)conducting microscopic analysis of nerve cell damage
B)exploring the genome of families that have multiple members affected with a disorder
C)educating family members about chances of inheritance
D)locating a gene that is responsible for a disorder or trait
Q2) The cognitive and motor deficits associated with Huntington's disease are due to neuronal degeneration in the
A)hippocampus.
B)frontal lobe.
C)basal ganglia.
D)medial thalamus.
Q3) Stanley is 65,and for the past couple of years he has been suffering from a gradual worsening of his memory,as well as experiencing some language difficulties and problems with his reasoning and decision making.What is the most likely diagnosis?
A)delirium
B)organic psychosis
C)dementia
D)schizophrenia
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Chapter 15: Intellectual Disabilities and Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which disease can cause intellectual disability in children when it is transmitted from the mother to the child during delivery?
A)rubella
B)encephalitis
C)toxoplasmosis
D)genital herpes
Q2) Describe the controversy around the issue of whether IQ tests are culture-fair.
Q3) Both the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities and DSM-5 recognize that
A)IQ scores define intelligence.
B)intelligence is more than an IQ score.
C)conceptual skills are part of IQ scores.
D)IQ measures social intelligence.
Q4) What has research revealed about the parents of autistic children?
A)They are cold and distant.
B)They are physically abusive.
C)They use child-rearing styles that are similar to those used by other parents.
D)They are usually highly intelligent and of the upper class.
Q5) What are the typical symptoms seen in ASD?
Q6) What are the requirements for making the diagnosis of intellectual disability? Page 17
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Chapter 16: Psychological Disorders of Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Psychostimulant medication shows improvement in behavior for about ________ percent of children treated for ADHD.
A)5
B)30
C)75
D)90
Q2) Infants who are wary of exploration,not easily soothed by the attachment figure,and angry or ambivalent about contact are displaying ________ attachment.
A)anxious avoidant
B)anxious resistant
C)disorganized
D)secure
Q3) "Adolescent limited" problems tend to go away as the child develops.Other problems are more serious and long lasting and are labeled "__________ ."
Q4) A child who exhibits behaviors that could be characterized as negative,hostile,and defiant may get diagnosed with __________ disorder.
Q5) Describe some of the side effects of psychostimulant medication.
Q6) Parenting that is both loving and firm is labeled __________ .
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Chapter 17: Adjustment Disorders and Life-Cycle
Transitions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The "silver tsunami" expected into the middle of the 21st century is primarily due to A)the aging of the "baby boom" generation.
B)medical advances increasing the number of older and frail adults.
C)immigration of young families resulting in a younger population.
D)divorce and remarriage resulting in more children and a younger population.
Q2) Ted and Ned are monozygotic twins in their early 40s.They are both divorced.Which of the following is a genetic factor that might have influenced both twins to divorce?
A)personality
B)economic status
C)age
D)conflict resolution style
Q3) Discuss the argument put forward by some theorists for classifying troubled relationships instead of just classifying troubled individuals,as is the case with DSM's current classification.
Q4) For Erik Erikson,getting some sense of who you are brings resolution to a(n)__________ crisis?
Q5) Hormone replacement therapy in women generally involves replacing depleted supplies of __________ .
Page 20
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Chapter 18: Mental Health and the Law
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the general conclusion concerning making predictions of future violence?
A)Clinical judgment is better than chance.
B)Clinical judgment is equivalent to flipping coins.
C)The number of false positives is unaffected by the base rate.
D)Such predictions should be made by individuals with experience in police work.
Q2) Which of the following is most likely to result in an individual being ruled incompetent to stand trial?
A)The accused is diagnosed with a psychotic disorder.
B)The crime was so abhorrent that a trial is not necessary.
C)The accused does not have enough money for a lawyer.
D)The accused is unable to communicate with counsel because of brain damage.
Q3) In 1962,Henry Kempe focused public attention on a family problem that had not previously received much attention.Kempe called the problem
A)mentally disordered families.
B)post traumatic stress disorder.
C)the "refrigerator mother syndrome"
D)the "battered child syndrome."
Q4) Discuss the conditions that need to be met in order for an individual to be found "competent to stand trial."
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