Psychology II Test Questions
Course Introduction
Psychology II builds on foundational concepts introduced in introductory psychology, offering a deeper exploration into key areas such as cognitive processes, development across the lifespan, psychological disorders, and therapeutic approaches. Emphasizing empirical research and application, this course examines topics like perception, language, intelligence, learning, memory, motivation, emotion, and personality theory. Students will analyze real-world cases, engage in critical thinking about psychological studies, and better understand the complex factors influencing human behavior, mental health, and social interactions. The course also introduces basic concepts in research methodology, ethics, and the interpretation of psychological data to prepare students for advanced study or application in related fields.
Recommended Textbook
Psychology 10th Edition by Douglas Bernstein
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2378 Verified Questions
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to the Science of Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dr.Cassidy researches how teachers can most effectively teach grammar principles to elementary school students.Dr.Cassidy's research is most appropriate for which subfield of psychology?
A) developmental
B) social
C) school
D) educational
Answer: D
Q2) Although psychology contains diverse subfields and approaches,two factors provide unity.One of these factors is that ____.
A) psychologists' interests, activities, and values are not unified
B) every psychologist performs research in many subfields of psychology
C) psychologists in every subfield draw on and contribute to knowledge from other subfields
D) psychologists use speculative methods instead of empirical methods
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Research in Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dr.Jiminez investigates the influence of snacking on the onset of sleep in preschool children.One group of preschoolers eats a candy bar prior to bedtime,and the other group eats nothing.Time until the onset of sleep is recorded for each child.In this experiment,eating or not eating the snack is the ____ variable,and the time until the onset of sleep is the ____ variable.
A) independent; dependent
B) dependent; independent
C) experimental; control
D) control; experimental
Answer: A
Q2) Professor Beamish administers a survey to better understand stealing behaviors that occur in the workplace.Even though the survey is administered anonymously,employees may still not respond truthfully.According to your text,this occurs because some people
A) believe the researcher may be tricking them
B) do not like to admit embarrassing things about themselves
C) realize they are part of a control group
D) have not been randomly assigned
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Biological Aspects of Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jacob has severe epilepsy,so a surgeon cuts through his corpus callosum to prevent seizures from crossing to the other side of Jacob's brain.After surgery,when Jacob sees a picture of a ball in his left visual field,he cannot ____.
A) choose a ball from among several objects with his right hand
B) spell out "BALL" with letter magnets
C) make a throwing motion with his right hand
D) correctly identify the ball in words
Answer: D
Q2) Biological psychology is the study of the ____ factors that influence or cause behavior and mental processes.
A) physical and chemical
B) naturalistic
C) social and physical
D) cognitive
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Sensation and Perception
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Q1) While daydreaming,Felix stares at a yellow school bus.When he then looks at a white wall,he sees the color ____.This is best explained by the ____ theory.
A) red; trichromatic
B) red; opponent-process
C) blue; trichromatic
D) blue; opponent-process
Q2) A study tested drivers for reaction times to road hazards while they were using cell phones,listening to the radio,and listening to a conversation inside the vehicle.These drivers reacted much more slowly to the hazards than did drivers not engaged in these activities.Which statement could apply to the results of the study?
A) Driving is automatic, so there is no explanation for increased reaction times.
B) PDP processing is superior to top-down processing.
C) The attentional resources of the drivers were exhausted.
D) Drivers are more vigilant when paying attention to multiple stimuli.
Q3) Many depth cues are used by artists to show distance in their paintings.Choose four of the many depth cues described in your text and discuss how they can affect depth perception.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Learning
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Sample Questions
Q1) During every pay period that Shauna is not late to work,she gets a bonus added to her paycheck.As a result,Shauna is never late to work.The extra money added to her paycheck is a(n)____,
A) discriminative conditioned stimulus
B) operant
C) primary reinforce
D) secondary reinforcer
Q2) One aspect common to Tolman's research on latent learning and Köhler's research on insight is ____.
A) negative reinforcement
B) vicarious experience
C) slow, gradual improvement in performance
D) sudden, dramatic improvements in performance
Q3) When an organism uses insight,it ____.
A) forms associations between actions and consequences
B) watches the actions of others
C) learns that two stimuli usually tend to occur together
D) thinks through possibilities, then reaches a sudden understanding
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Chapter 5: Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Ebbinghaus's forgetting curve,you should review your lecture notes within the first ____ after class.
A) week
B) three days
C) twenty-four hours
D) nine hours
Q2) Stuart is trying to remember the word car.If he makes a mistake in recalling the word within fifteen seconds of hearing it,which word will he be most likely to mistakenly recall instead?
A) Fun
B) Heavy
C) Jar
D) Auto
Q3) Even though Samantha cannot explain how she is able to wiggle her nose,she always remembers how to do it.Samantha's memory for her nose wiggling is an example of ____ memory.
A) procedural
B) episodic
C) semantic
D) mnemonic
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Chapter 7: Thought and Language
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Sample Questions
Q1) Marla is one year old.She probably ____.
A) knows general names rather than simple object categories
B) is at the infant vocalization stage
C) uses language without gestures
D) understands more words than she can say
Q2) Gordon perceives a $10 discount on a $40 sweater to be more positive than a $10 discount on a $300 TV.Gordon's varying perceptions of $10 in each situation reflects ____.
A) a biased perception of utility
B) confirmation bias
C) self-serving bias
D) the gambler's fallacy
Q3) Pina is working a puzzle while a PET scan is performed.The PET scan indicates high activity in Pina's frontal lobe.Which conclusion can we draw from the PET scan results?
A) Pina has worked this puzzle many times before.
B) Pina is bored by the task of building the puzzle.
C) Pina has never worked this puzzle before and she finds the task difficult.
D) Pina is an expert puzzle builder and is finding this puzzle easy to complete.
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Chapter 8: Intelligence
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Questions
Q1) Ebony took the Aptitude to Succeed in College (ASC)test when she was a high school senior and scored very low.She went to college anyway and graduated with an A average.For kicks,she takes the ASC again during her senior year in college.Again,she scores very low on it.Therefore,we can reasonably assume that the ASC has good statistical____but poor statistical____.
A) validity; reliability
B) reliability; validity
C) predictive ability; validity
D) validity; predictive ability
Q2) Smedley has a theory that intelligence is related to body temperature.He uses an oral thermometer to measure intelligence.His data most likely have____ statistical reliability and ____ statistical validity.
A) poor; poor
B) good; good
C) poor; good
D) good; poor
Q3) Describe the four approaches to intelligence presented in the text.
Q4) The early days of IQ tests contained many misconceptions and abuses.Describe some of the errors and misuses of IQ tests during the early 1900s.
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Chapter 9: Consciousness
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Sample Questions
Q1) Kevin takes a highly addictive drug that activates the brain's painkilling and mood-altering systems.Kevin is least likely to be taking ____.
A) cocaine
B) morphine
C) heroin
D) opium
Q2) Jocelyn,an excellent hypnotic subject,has been instructed under hypnosis to relive her birthday party when she turned six years old.Jocelyn will most likely ____.
A) calmly describe in a detached manner the events that occurred
B) act as though she were six years old, but the memories of the event will still be obscure
C) act as though she were six years old and describe the events as if she were currently experiencing them
D) not experience anything because hypnosis has been proven not to exist
Q3) Your friend learns you are taking psychology and asks you,"Why do people dream?"
Based on the theories and research on dreams you've learned about in this course,what answer would you give your friend?
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Chapter 10: Motivation and Emotion
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Sample Questions
Q1) More recent research has shown that the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus plays an important role in ____.
A) experiencing flavor
B) increasing specific hungers
C) receptivity toward a food culture
D) reducing and increasing food intake
Q2) Whit started playing the saxophone.He wants to get better at it,so he watches the techniques of professional players and practices constantly.Whit does not care how he compares to other saxophone players,nor does he want to seek help from others.Whit appears to have adopted a(n)____.
A) approach-avoidance conflict
B) avoidance-avoidance conflict
C) performance goal
D) learning goal
Q3) According to research,a male's sexual orientation is most likely due to ____.
A) genetic factors
B) his strict upbringing, which he is reacting against
C) several factors, including prenatal hormones and learning
D) the fact that his father is loving but his mother is cold
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Human Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jamel must decide what he should do with $1,000 that he found in the street.He decides to give it to a homeless shelter because his neighbors will think he is a great guy.According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development,Jamal is most likely at the ____ level of moral reasoning.
A) preconventional
B) conventional
C) postconventional
D) universal ethical
Q2) Jean Piaget explained that people form generalizations as they experience the world,which help them to organize past experiences and provide a framework for understanding future experiences.These generalizations are called ____.
A) scripts
B) periods
C) schemas
D) stages
Q3) Describe the newborn's sensory and motor abilities.
Q4) Bernadette is ten years old and in the fourth grade.Describe what may be occurring in her life according to Piaget,Erikson,and Kohlberg.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Health, stress, and Coping
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Q1) During an especially long and stressful expedition,Sulu went in for a checkup.The doctor told him that his blood sugar and cortisol levels were elevated and that he might be at risk for illness.According to Hans Selye,Sulu is in the ____ stage of the general adaptation syndrome.
A) alarm reaction
B) burnout
C) exhaustion
D) resistance
Q2) According to Selye's general adaptation syndrome model,an inexperienced soldier suddenly thrust into a long,intense battle would most likely react in which sequence?
A) alarm reaction, resistance, exhaustion
B) resistance, alarm reaction, exhaustion
C) resistance, exhaustion, alarm reaction
D) panic, illness, resistance
Q3) Describe the steps in a stress-coping program.
Q4) Describe five stages of readiness for changing health-related behaviors.
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Chapter 13: Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nonprojective personality measures have been used widely for hiring purposes.The problem with this practice is that personality measures ____.
A) are usually not adequate predictors of how a person performs in a job
B) are not standardized
C) are not able to identify mental disorders in job applicants
D) do not obtain enough personal information about the applicant
Q2) Paulo lives in a culture that values social approval and harmonious relations with others.He strives to do his best but remains modest about his personal success.In Paulo's culture,satisfaction and a sense of well-being are most likely associated with ____.
A) a behavioral approach system
B) possessing positive attributes
C) a flight or freeze system
D) possessing no negative attributes
Q3) Describe the three basic assumptions of the trait approach to personality,and explain the difference between a type and a trait.
Q4) If you were asked to assess your psychology instructor's personality,what methods would you use?
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15
Chapter 14: Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) The creation of a schizophrenia spectrum most directly suggests that ____.
A) schizophrenia may overlap with other disorders, such as dissociative identity disorder
B) the five subtype classification system is outdated
C) the vulnerability theory is unable to account for all schizophrenia clusters
D) clusters of schizophrenia subtypes may develop differently and require different treatment
Q2) As a clinical psychologist,you are concerned with patterns of thinking and behaving that are maladaptive,disruptive,and/or uncomfortable for the person affected or for others.In other words,you are interested in ____.
A) psychokinesis
B) psychopathology
C) psychodiagnosis
D) psychoanalysis
Q3) Which of the following is not considered to be an anxiety disorder?
A) panic disorder
B) dissociative disorder
C) phobia
D) social anxiety disorder
Q4) What are some of the causes of depressive disorders?
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Chapter 15: Treatment of Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which form of technology is currently being utilized for the purpose of conducting group therapy meetings?
A) The Internet
B) video games
C) cell phones
D) satellites
Q2) Haldol is a neuroleptic drug that works by blocking the receptors for dopamine.Therefore,Haldol acts as a dopamine ____.
A) antagonist
B) agonist
C) reuptake inhibitor
D) deactivist
Q3) Psychoanalysis is still used today but often in more flexible,adaptive ways.Which alternative is not a variation on psychoanalysis?
A) Interpersonal therapy
B) Client-centered therapy
C) Individual analysis
D) Object relations therapy
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Chapter 16: Social Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) In presidential election campaigns,many television ads focus on the "negatives" of an opponent.Campaign managers are obviously aware that when people are forming impressions,they tend to ____.
A) give others the benefit of the doubt
B) focus most on self-serving biases
C) view negative information as more important than positive information
D) believe what they see and hear on television over what they read in newspapers and hear on the radio
Q2) Connie is outside raking leaves and watching her son play with some neighborhood children.The children are playing football,and during one play it appears that several children have been injured.Connie rushes over to see if her son is okay first and then attends to the other children.Connie's reaction is best explained by ____.
A) the empathy-altruism helping theory
B) the arousal: cost-reward theory
C) evolutionary theory
D) environmental factors
Q3) What are the key factors that influence whether you will be attracted to someone?
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Page 18
Chapter 17: Industrial and Organizational Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) At Blue Lobster this Friday evening,there are ten servers waiting on customers.During the shift,they interact with one another as they complete their various duties.According to the text,these ten servers are best defined as a(n)____.
A) work team
B) work group
C) autonomous work group
D) interdependent work team
Q2) The managers of Honex Corporation create a series of activities that will help employees see how the methods learned at the monthly training program can be applied when they return to their work stations.In other words,the managers want to promote the program's ____.
A) transfer of training
B) task-oriented focus
C) feedback assessment
D) critical incidents
Q3) Discuss the personal and environmental factors that can affect job satisfaction.
Q4) Describe the characteristics of effective leaders in the workplace.
Q5) Discuss the three main methods that employers use to measure the personal characteristics of job candidates.
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Chapter 18: Neuropsychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most neuropsychologists earn their graduate degrees in ____ psychology with an emphasis in neuropsychology.
A) clinical
B) community
C) abnormal
D) social
Q2) Lyle,an amnesic patient,thinks that he has met you before."I remember you because of your red hat.And I was your boss at the mayor's office in Cleveland.I was the mayor then,you know.We had many dinners together,and you used to order the Delmonico steaks with onion rings on top." Lyle firmly believes these things are true,yet none of them really happened.Lyle has damaged the ____ of his brain.
A) hippocampus
B) mediodorsal thalamus
C) corpus callosum
D) Wernicke's area
Q3) A patient comes to a doctor's office complaining of memory difficulty.List three possible reasons for the patient's memory problem.Compare and contrast the possibilities you choose.
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Page 20
Chapter 19: Appendix A: Statistics in Psychological Research
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Q1) Molly and Milly are identical twins.Molly has been diagnosed with schizophrenia.Which statement about Milly is true?
A) Milly will eventually be diagnosed with schizophrenia.
B) Environmental factors will play a large role in whether Milly is ever diagnosed with schizophrenia.
C) Genetic factors alone will determine whether Milly is ever diagnosed with schizophrenia.
D) Milly will never develop schizophrenia.
Q2) Melanie and Melody are fraternal twins.At which age would you expect their IQ scores to be the most similar?
A) 15 years old
B) 30 years old
C) 45 years old
D) 60 years old
Q3) The biology of inheritance is called ____.
A) immunology
B) environmental psychology
C) biochemistry
D) genetics
Page 21
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Chapter 20: Appendix B: Behavioral Genetics
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Q1) As a researcher,you are interested in how the scores in your data set are dispersed.Specifically,you want to know the average difference between each score and the mean.You would find out this information by looking at the ____.
A) range
B) variance
C) standard deviation
D) correlation coefficient
Q2) A researcher measures the number of times each of six rats has to run a maze before it masters the maze.The number of times recorded for each rat is 2,3,3,4,5,7.In this example,the ____.
A) mean is smaller than the median
B) median is larger than the mode
C) mean is larger than the range
D) mode is larger than the range
Q3) Which of the following is a characteristic of a normal distribution?
A) The mean and the standard deviation are equal.
B) The standard deviation and the variance are equal.
C) Fifty percent of the sample is within one standard deviation of the mean.
D) The mean, median, and mode are equal.
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Page 22